Spin Magnetic Effect Activate Dual Site Intramolecular O─O Bridging for Nickel-Iron Hydroxide Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Catalysis.

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) involves the recombination of diamagnetic hydroxyl (OH) or water (HO) into the paramagnetic triplet state of oxygen (O). The spin conservation of oxygen intermediates plays a crucial role in OER, however, research on spin dynamics during the catalytic process remains in its early stages. Herein, β-Ni(OH) and Fe-doped β-Ni(OH) (NiFe(OH)) are utilized as model catalysts to understand the mechanism of spin magnetic effects at iron (III) sites during OER.

Study of metabolite differences of flue-cured tobacco from Canada (CT157) and Yunnan (Yunyan 87).

In order to comprehend the dissimilarities in tobacco quality between Canada and Yunnan, a comparison of the aroma components was conducted using GC-MS and HPLC analysis, coupled with orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The study revealed the detection of a total of 81 aroma components and 22 non-volatile components in both varieties of tobacco leaves. Specifically, there were 102 components of Canada tobacco leaves and 103 components of Yunnan tobacco leaves.

Non-invasive accelerated imaging through a scattering medium via multi-stage complexity guidance.

The research of scattering imaging is of great significance to the development of various fields, but the existing scattering imaging methods are difficult to combine for the advantages of non-invasiveness, real-time imaging, and high quality. In this paper, a new, to our knowledge, scattering imaging technique is proposed that optimizes the traditional autocorrelation imaging technique by multi-stage complexity guidance and the initial acceleration module. We introduce the complexity difference index into the phase iterative recovery step for effective complexity guidance, and add the initial module based on error-reduction iteration to realize a fast startup.

Rare earth element behaviors of groundwater in overlying aquifers under the influence of coal mining in northern Ordos Basin, China.

Rare earth elements (REEs) have been used as tracers to reveal the hydrochemical sources and processes in groundwater systems that are usually modified by anthropogenic inputs. However, the REE behaviors in groundwater affected by mining activities have yet to be fully understood. In combination of REE geochemistry with general hydrochemical and isotopic (δH and δO) methods, this study investigated the concentration and fractionation of REEs in alkaline groundwater from two coal mines with similar aquifer lithology but different mining histories in the Northern Ordos Basin.

Spatiotemporal successions of N, S, C, Fe, and As cycling genes in groundwater of a wetland ecosystem: Enhanced heterogeneity in wet season.

Microorganisms in wetland groundwater play an essential role in driving global biogeochemical cycles. However, largely due to the dynamics of spatiotemporal surface water-groundwater interaction, the spatiotemporal successions of biogeochemical cycling in wetland groundwater remain poorly delineated. Herein, we investigated the seasonal coevolution of hydrogeochemical variables and microbial functional genes involved in nitrogen, carbon, sulfur, iron, and arsenic cycling in groundwater within a typical wetland, located in Poyang Lake Plain, China.

Deterministic factors modulating assembly of groundwater microbial community in a nitrogen-contaminated and hydraulically-connected river-lake-floodplain ecosystem.

The river-lake-floodplain system (RLFS) undergoes intensive surface-groundwater mass and energy exchanges. Some freshwater lakes are groundwater flow-through systems, serving as sinks for nitrogen (N) entering the lake. Despite the threat of cross-nitrogen contamination, the assembly of the microbial communities in the RLFS was poorly understood.

Effects of the multi-stress-resistant strain Zygosaccharomyces parabailii MC-5K3 bioaugmentation on microbial communities and metabolomics in tobacco waste extract.

Industrial tobacco waste was mainly treated via a reconstituted tobacco process using the paper-making method, which involves aqueous concentrated tobacco waste extract (cTWE) fermentation (aging). The fermentation was done to improve the quality of reconstituted tobacco. However, cTWE is a multi-stress environment that is characterized by low pH (about 4), as well as high sugar (above 150 g/L) and nicotine (above 15 g/L) content.

Spatial variability of source contributions to nitrate in regional groundwater based on the positive matrix factorization and Bayesian model.

Groundwater nitrate (NO) pollution has attracted widespread attention; however, accurately evaluating the sources of NO and their contribution patterns in regional groundwater is difficult in areas with multiple sources and complex hydrogeological conditions. In this study, 161 groundwater samples were collected from the Poyang Lake Basin for hydrochemical and dual NO isotope analyses to explore the sources of NO and their spatial contribution using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) and Bayesian stable isotope mixing (MixSIAR) models. The results revealed that the enrichment of NO in groundwater was primarily attributed to sewage/manure (SM), which accounted for more than 50 %.

Nitrogen species and microbial community coevolution along groundwater flowpath in the southwest of Poyang Lake area, China.

Nitrate and ammonia overload in groundwater can lead to eutrophication of surface water in areas where surface water is recharged by groundwater. However, this process remained elusive due to the complicated groundwater N cycling, which is governed by the co-evolution of hydrogeochemical conditions and N-cycling microbial communities. Herein, this process was studied along a generalized groundwater flowpath in Ganjing Delta, Poyang Lake area, China.

Insights into moisture sources and evolution from groundwater isotopes (H, O, and C) in Northeastern Qaidam Basin, Northeast Tibetan Plateau, China.

Knowledge of moisture sources is of great significance for the understanding of groundwater recharge and hydrological cycle. However, it is often difficult to identify the moisture sources and evolution especially in the areas with complex climate system. Isotopes in groundwater that acts as a climate archive provide a unique perspective on the moisture sources and evolution.

Source and evolution of sulfate in the multi-layer groundwater system in an abandoned mine-Insight from stable isotopes and Bayesian isotope mixing model.

The source and evolution of sulfate (SO) in groundwater from abandoned mines are widely concerned environmental issues. Herein, major dissolved ions, multi-isotopes (δS, δO, δH and δO), machine learning (Self-organizing maps) and Bayesian isotope mixing model were used to identify the source and evolution of SO in an abandoned mine (Fengfeng mine, northern China) with a multi-layer groundwater system. Groundwater in the study area was mainly divided into three clusters (Cluster I, Cluster II and Cluster III), dominated by Na-SO, Ca-SO and Ca-HCO types, respectively.

Geochemical fingerprint and spatial pattern of mine water quality in the Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia Coal Mine Base, Northwest China.

The spatial distribution of mine water quality and geochemical controls must be investigated for water safety and ecosystem protection in Shaanxi-Inner Mongolian Coal Mine Base (SICMB). Based on 122 mine water samples collected from 14 mining areas, self-organizing maps (SOM) combining with principal component analysis (PCA) derived that the mine water samples were classified into seven clusters. Clusters 1 and 3 (C1 and C3) samples were dominant by HCO-Ca and mixed types, which were distributed in the recharge area of the middle SICMB.

Hydrogeochemical evolution induced by long-term mining activities in a multi-aquifer system in the mining area.

The hydrogeochemical evolution of groundwater is related to and affected by long-term mining activities, which may deteriorate the quality of groundwater. The Fengfeng mine in Handan, North China has a 30-y history of coal mining with long-term mining activities and complex geological conditions, resulting in a complex hydrogeochemical environment in the mining region. In this study, the hydrogeochemical evolution mechanism of groundwater in a multi-aquifer system in the Fengfeng Mining Area was investigated using machine learning (self-organizing maps combined with K-means clustering) and sulfur and oxygen isotopes (δS and δO).

Quantitative Analysis of Routine Chemical Constituents of Tobacco Based on Thermogravimetric Analysis.

As the most basic indexes to evaluate the quality of tobacco, the contents of routine chemical constituents in tobacco are mainly detected by continuous-flow analysis at present. However, this method suffers from complex operation, time consumption, and environmental pollution. Thus, it is necessary to establish a rapid accurate detection method.

An electrochemical Hg sensor based on signal amplification strategy of target recycling.

In this work, an unmodified homogeneous electrochemical sensor based on electrochemical bonding and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) was first constructed for the high sensitivity detection of Hg. Herein, tetraferrocene, a synthesized compound, was used as a signal marker that modified both ends of the hairpin probe to amplify the electrochemical signal. The interaction of T-Hg-T could induce the catalytic self-assembly of hairpins by means of auxiliary DNA.

Identifying locations and sources of groundwater discharge into Poyang Lake (eastern China) using radium and stable isotopes (deuterium and oxygen-18).

Knowledge of groundwater discharge (location and sources) into Poyang Lake is needed for water resources management and ecological security. In this study, hydrochemical and stable (δD and δO) and radium (Ra, Ra, Ra, and Ra) isotopic approaches were employed to study the hydrochemical and isotopic characteristics of groundwater and surface water (river water and lake water) to identify the places where groundwater discharged into Poyang Lake and the groundwater discharge sources. The results showed that the groundwater discharge area was extensive during the dry season.

Quality evaluation of flue-cured tobacco by near infrared spectroscopy and spectral similarity method.

Herein we propose near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy as a rapid method of evaluating the quality of agricultural products. Unlike existing quantitative or qualitative models, quality similarity is characterised using spectral similarity. Key factors of the spectral similarity method were investigated, including variable selection, pre-processing and similarity measures.

Metal-organic frameworks built from achiral 3-(5-(pyridin-4-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)benzoic acid: syntheses and structures of metal(II) complexes.

Using a novel flexible achiral ligand, 3-(5-(pyridin-4-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)benzoic acid (HL), four metal(II)-complexes formulated as ZnL2·2H2O (1), CdL2(H2O)2·8H2O (2) and ML2(H2O)·H2O (M = Co 3 and Ni 4) have been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 1, 3 and 4 all feature a uninodal 2D layer with a 4(4)-sql topology, and two such (4,4) nets interpenetrate in a parallel manner. Complex 2 exhibits a similar 4(4)-sql topology, but no interpenetration is observed in complex 2.

The current and future potential geographic range of West Indian fruit fly, Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera: Tephritidae).

The West Indian fruit fly, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart), is one of the most important pests throughout the Americas. CLIMEX 3.0 and ArcGIS 9.