Activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway by "Tianyu" Pairing: Implications for Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the impact of "Tianyu" Pairing on oxidative stress in the development of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and approach its potential mechanism using cell experiments.

Methods: A cell model of RA was developed by stimulating rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). This model aimed to assess the impact of serum containing Rhodiola rosea-Euonymus alatus drug pair (TYP) on inflammation and oxidative stress in the development of RA, specifically through the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

Mechanism of Rhodiola rosea-Euonymus alatus drug pair against rheumatoid arthritis: Network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Purpose: The present study aimed to explore the potential components and mechanisms of Rhodiola rosea-Euonymus alatus drug pair (TY) that ameliorate rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: The main active components, core targets, and important pathways of TY against RA were predicted by network pharmacology analysis. The binding activity between the main active components and the core targets was verified by the molecular docking technique.

Comparative Study on Chemical Constituents of Ginseng Flowers with Four Consecutive Cultivation Age.

The harvest period of cultivated ginseng is generally 4-6 years. Ginseng flowers (GFs), the nonmedicinal parts, are usually removed every autumn, in which components are generally believed to stay unchanged with the increasing cultivation age. Recently, few documents were reported on the variation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other components about ginseng flowers.

Simultaneous Quantification of Four Ginsenosides in Rat Plasma and Its Application to a Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study in Normal and Depression Rats Using UHPLC-MS/MS.

A sensitive method has been developed for simultaneous determination of ginsenoside Rh (G-Rh), ginsenoside Rb (G-Rb), ginsenoside Rc (G-Rc), and ginsenoside Rd (G-Rd) in rat plasma of normal and depression model group after oral administration of their solutions by using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-QQQ-MS). The biological samples were prepared by protein precipitation. Ginsenoside Rg (G-Rg) was used as an internal standard (IS).