Intraductal photothermal ablation: a noninvasive approach for early breast cancer treatment and prevention.

Innovative treatment strategies for early-stage breast cancer (BC) are urgently needed. Tumors originating from mammary ductal cells present an opportunity for targeted intervention. We explored intraductal therapy via natural nipple openings as a promising non-invasive approach for early BC.

Cryptochrome 2 Suppresses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Promoting Trophoblastic Ferroptosis in Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion.

Unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) is a serious reproductive issue that affects women of childbearing age. Studies have shown a close association between disrupted circadian rhythm and impaired epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in trophoblasts during URSA, although the underlying mechanism is not known. The current study investigated the regulatory relationship between circadian rhythm gene cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) and ferroptosis on the migratory ability of trophoblast cells.

MyD88 signaling pathways: role in breast cancer.

MyD88 plays a central role in breast cancer, exerting a multitude of effects that carry substantial implications. Elevated MyD88 expression is closely associated with aggressive tumor characteristics, suggesting its potential as a valuable prognostic marker and therapeutic target. MyD88 exerts influence over several critical aspects of breast cancer, including metastasis, recurrence, drug resistance, and the regulation of cancer stem cell properties.

Based on whole-exome sequencing to explore the rule of Herceptin and TKI resistance in breast cancer patients.

Background: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women, and drug resistance during treatment is a major challenge. However, the mechanisms underlying drug resistance are not fully understood. Here we applied whole-exome sequencing (WES) to clarify resistant rules to Herceptin and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

SIX1 amplification modulates stemness and tumorigenesis in breast cancer.

Background: Sine oculis homeobox homolog 1 (SIX1) is a transcription factor that has recently been identified as a crucial regulator of embryonic development and tumorigenesis. SIX1 is upregulated in different types of tumors, including breast cancer. However, the role and mechanism of SIX1 upregulation in breast cancer carcinogenesis remains uncertain.

Distinct invasive patterns in situ between estrogen receptor-positive and triple-negative breast cancer through the intraductal tracking of carbon nanoparticles.

Given that the transition from ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to invasive breast cancer (BC) is crucial during the BC progression, the mechanism involved in the invasion transition behind triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and estrogen receptor-positive (ER-positive) subtype has remained elusive. This article detected distinct invasion patterns of BC cells between the ER-positive and TNBC using intraductal murine models with intraductal administration of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs). First, the feasibility of the utility of CNPs as a tracer was proved.

Searching for Essential Genes and Targeted Drugs Common to Breast Cancer and Osteoarthritis.

Background: It is documented that osteoarthritis can promote the progression of breast cancer (BC).

Objective: This study aims to search for the essential genes associated with breast cancer (BC) and osteoarthritis (OA), explore the relationship between epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)- related genes and the two diseases, and identify the candidate drugs.

Methods: The genes related to both BC and OA were determined by text mining.

Identification of Essential Genes and Drug Discovery in Bladder Cancer and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Text Mining and Bioinformatics Analysis.

Background: Bladder cancer (BCa) is the most common malignancy of the urinary system. Inflammation is critical in the occurrence and development of BCa. The purpose of this study was to identify key genes and pathways of inflammatory bowel disease in BCa through text mining technology and bioinformatics technology and to explore potential therapeutic drugs for BCa.

Breast cancer heterogeneity and its implication in personalized precision therapy.

Breast cancer heterogeneity determines cancer progression, treatment effects, and prognosis. However, the precise mechanism for this heterogeneity remains unknown owing to its complexity. Here, we summarize the origins of breast cancer heterogeneity and its influence on disease progression, recurrence, and therapeutic resistance.

Accurate Diagnosis and Survival Prediction of Bladder Cancer Using Deep Learning on Histological Slides.

(1) Background: Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to reduce the mortality rate of bladder cancer (BLCA). We aimed to develop deep learning (DL)-based weakly supervised models for the diagnosis of BLCA and prediction of overall survival (OS) in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients using whole slide digitized histological images (WSIs). (2) Methods: Diagnostic and prognostic models were developed using 926 WSIs of 412 BLCA patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort.

In situ Injection of pH- and Temperature-Sensitive Nanomaterials Increases Chemo-Photothermal Efficacy by Alleviating the Tumor Immunosuppressive Microenvironment.

Purpose: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is challenging to treat with traditional "standard of care" therapy due to the lack of targetable biomarkers and rapid progression to distant metastasis.

Methods: We synthesized a novel combination regimen that included chemotherapy and photothermal therapy (PTT) to address this problem. Here, we tested a magnetic nanosystem (MNs-PEG/IR780-DOX micelles) loaded with the near-infrared (NIR) photothermal agent IR780 and doxorubicin (DOX) to achieve chemo-photothermal and boost antitumor immunity.

More Aggressive Cancer Behaviour in Thyroid Cancer Patients in the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Era: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Many thyroid cancer patients have suffered from treatment delays caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Although there have been many reviews, recommendations, or clinical experiences, clinical evidence that evaluates patient disease status is lacking. The aim of our research was to evaluate thyroid cancer behaviour in the post-COVID-19 era.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Related Thyroid Dysfunction: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Possible Pathogenesis, and Management.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a group of drugs employed in the treatment of various types of malignant tumors and improve the therapeutic effect. ICIs blocks negative co-stimulatory molecules, such as programmed cell death gene-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), reactivating the recognition and killing effect of the immune system on tumors. However, the reactivation of the immune system can also lead to the death of normal organs, tissues, and cells, eventually leading to immune-related adverse events (IRAEs).