Multiple impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and antimicrobial stewardship on antimicrobial resistance in nosocomial infections: an interrupted time series analysis.

Objectives: The emergency response to the COVID-19 pandemic may disrupt hospital management activities of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study aimed to determine the changing AMR trend over the period in China when stringent COVID-19 response measures were implemented.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in a designated hospital for COVID-19 patients in Guangzhou, China from April 2018 to September 2021.

Prediction models for diagnosis and prognosis of the colonization or infection of multidrug-resistant organisms in adults: a systematic review, critical appraisal, and meta-analysis.

Background: Prediction models help to target patients at risk of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) colonization or infection and could serve as tools informing clinical practices to prevent MDRO transmission and inappropriate empiric antibiotic therapy. However, there is limited evidence to identify which among the available models are of low risk of bias and suitable for clinical application.

Objectives: To identify, describe, appraise, and summarise the performance of all prognostic and diagnostic models developed or validated for predicting MDRO colonization or infection.

Effects of pay-for-performance based antimicrobial stewardship on antimicrobial consumption and expenditure: An interrupted time series analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of pay-for-performance on antimicrobial consumption and antimicrobial expenditure in a large teaching hospital in Guangzhou, China.

Methods: We collected data from hospital information system from January 2018 through September 2022 in the inpatient wards. Antimicrobial consumption was evaluated using antibiotic use density (AUD) and antibiotic use rate (AUR).

Global antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic use in COVID-19 patients within health facilities: A systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregated participant data.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a significant threat to the global healthcare system, presenting a major challenge to antimicrobial stewardship worldwide. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date picture of global antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antibiotic use in COVID-19 patients.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review to determine the prevalence of AMR and antibiotic usage among COVID-19 patients receiving treatment in healthcare facilities.

Effects of the Implementation of Transport-Driven Poverty Alleviation Policy on Health Care-Seeking Behavior and Medical Expenditure Among Older People in Rural Areas: Quasi-Experimental Study.

Background: Improving the rural residents' accessibility to and affordability of health care is recognized as a common target globally. The Health in All Policies approach, from the Declaration of Helsinki to the United Nations' Decade Of Healthy Ageing, strengthened the far-reaching effect of large-scale public policies on health care-seeking behavior; however, the effects of national transport policy on health care-seeking behavior is unclear.

Objective: This quasi-experimental study aimed to examine the effects of the implementation of transport-driven poverty alleviation (TPA) policy on health care-seeking behavior and medical expenditure among older adults in rural areas and the mechanism underlying these effects.

The association between ambient temperature and antimicrobial resistance of in China: a difference-in-differences analysis.

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of () poses a significant global public health threat and is responsible for a high prevalence of infections and mortality. However, knowledge about how ambient temperature influences the AMR of is limited in the context of global warming.

Methods: AMR data of 31 Chinese provinces was collected from the China Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (CARSS) between 2014 and 2020.

Estimating the effect of increasing ambient temperature on antimicrobial resistance in China: A nationwide ecological study with the difference-in-differences approach.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the possible consequences of rising ambient temperatures brought on by global warming have been extensively discussed. However, the epidemiological evidence on the effects of temperature on AMR is rare and little is known about the role of socioeconomic inequities. This ecological study obtained 31 provinces AMR data of Escherichia Coli (E.

Epidemiological Characteristics and Antimicrobial Resistance Changes of Carbapenem-Resistant and under the COVID-19 Outbreak: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis in a Large Teaching Hospital.

Background: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and resistance changes of carbapenem-resistant organisms (CROs) under the COVID-19 outbreak to provide evidence for precise prevention and control measures against hospital-acquired infections during the pandemic.

Methods: The distribution characteristics of CROs (i.e.

Effects of social norm feedback on antibiotic prescribing and its characteristics in behaviour change techniques: a mixed-methods systematic review.

Low-cost and low-barrier antibiotic stewardship strategies are urgently needed to deal with the widespread problem of antibiotic resistance. Social norm feedback could be a promising strategy. In this mixed-methods systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42022361039), we aimed to identify the key behaviour change techniques used in social norm feedback for antibiotic stewardship and assess their effectiveness in reducing antibiotic prescribing.

Association between antibiotic resistance and increasing ambient temperature in China: An ecological study with nationwide panel data.

Background: Antibiotic resistance leads to longer hospital stays, higher medical costs, and increased mortality. However, research into the relationship between climate change and antibiotic resistance remains inconclusive. This study aims to address the gap in the literature by exploring the association of antibiotic resistance with regional ambient temperature and its changes over time.

The direct and interactive impacts of hydrological factors on bacillary dysentery across different geographical regions in central China.

Previous studies found non-linear mutual interactions among hydrometeorological factors on diarrheal disease. However, the complex interactions of the hydrometeorological, topographical and human activity factors need to be further explored. This study aimed to reveal how hydrological and other factors jointly influence bacillary dysentery in different geographical regions.

Local actions to health risks of heatwaves and dengue fever under climate change: Strategies and barriers among primary healthcare professionals in southern China.

Background: Climate change and extreme weather poses significant threats to community health, which need to be addressed by local health workforce. This study investigated the perceptions of primary healthcare professionals in Southern China on individual and institutional strategies for actions on health impacts of climate change and the related barriers.

Methods: A mixed methodological approach was adopted, involving a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of 733 primary healthcare professionals (including medical doctors, nurses, public health practitioners, allied health workers and managers) selected through a multistage cluster randomized sampling strategy, and in-depth interviews of 25 key informants in Guangdong Province, China.

The historical roots and seminal research on health equity: a referenced publication year spectroscopy (RPYS) analysis.

Background: Health equity is a multidimensional concept that has been internationally considered as an essential element for health system development. However, our understanding about the root causes of health equity is limited. In this study, we investigated the historical roots and seminal works of research on health equity.

Planned sheltering as an adaptation strategy to climate change: Lessons learned from the severe flooding in Anhui Province of China in 2016.

Background: Evacuation and sheltering is both a disaster response measure and a strategy to adapt to climate change, and consequently address the Sustainable Development Goals. Research has found that displacement does cause negative health impacts to evacuees, but few studies have observed how planned sheltering might reduce adverse health impacts. This article identifies the good practice and lessons learned from China's response to severe flooding in Anhui province in 2016.

Identifying Infectious Diarrhea Hot spots and Associated Socioeconomic Factors in Anhui Province, China.

Infectious diarrhea cases have increased during the past years in the Anhui Province of China, but little is known about its spatial cluster pattern and associated socioeconomic factors. We obtained county-level total cases of infectious diarrhea in 105 counties of Anhui in 2016 and computed age-adjusted rates. Socioeconomic factors were collected from the Statistical Yearbook.

Effects of ambient temperature on bacillary dysentery: A multi-city analysis in Anhui Province, China.

Background: Rising ambient temperature is expected to increase incidence of bacillary dysentery (BD), but few studies have compared the temperature-BD effects of different age groups and cities in China, especially in a multi-city setting.

Objectives: We used city-specific data including BD cases and meteorological variables to determine the relationship between BD incidence and temperature at provincial level.

Methods: Weekly BD disease surveillance data and meteorological variables were collected in all 16 prefecture-level cities in Anhui Province of China.

The impact of the 2016 flood event in Anhui Province, China on infectious diarrhea disease: An interrupted time-series study.

Climate change may bring more frequent and severe floods which will heighten public health problems, including an increased risk of infectious diarrhea in susceptible populations. Affected by heavy rainfall and an El Niño event, a destructive flood occurred in Anhui province, China on 18th June 2016. This study investigates the impact of this severe flood on infectious diarrhea at both city-level and provincial level, and further to identify modifying factor.

Short-term effects of moderate and severe floods on infectious diarrheal diseases in Anhui Province, China.

Background: Previous studies showed that floods can lead to diarrheal diseases outbreaks; however, the short-term effects of different severity floods on diarrheal diseases are not clear. This study aims to examine 0-14 days lagged effects of moderate and severe floods on diarrhea in Anhui Province, one heavily flood-prone area in China.

Methods: Daily diarrheal cases from January 1, 2013 to August 31, 2017 in 16 cities of Anhui were extracted from the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System.

Health professionals in a changing climate: protocol for a scoping review.

Introduction: Climate change will impose significant health impacts. Although we know health professionals should play a critical role in protecting human health from climate change, their preparedness to engage with these issues worldwide is unclear. This study aims to map the range and nature of existing evidence regarding health professionals' knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and practices regarding climate change and health impacts and the challenges they face, and identify knowledge gaps to guide future development of research, policy and practices.

Associations between Knowledge of the Causes and Perceived Impacts of Climate Change: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Medical, Public Health and Nursing Students in Universities in China.

This study aimed to measure the knowledge and perceptions of medical, public health, and nursing students about climate change and its impacts, and to identify associations between the knowledge and perceptions. Data were from a nationwide cross-sectional survey of 1387 students sampled in five different regional universities in China (April⁻May 2017). The knowledge and perceptions of the participants were collected by self-administered questionnaires.

Preparing the next generation of health professionals to tackle climate change: Are China's medical students ready?

Background: Climate change is the biggest global health threat of the 21st century. Medical students will lead the health sector responses and adaptation efforts in the near future, yet little is known in China about their knowledge, perceptions and preparedness to meet these challenges.

Methods: A nationwide study was conducted at five medical universities across different regions of China using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling design.

[Expression of Insulin-like Growth Factor Recepter Type I in CD34 Cells of Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes].

Objective: To explore the expression level of insulin-like growth facter (IGF-IR) in CD34 cells of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS).

Methods: Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of IGF-IR in the CD34 cells of 100 MDS patients and 18 normal controls.

Results: The average IGF-IR expression level in the CD34 cells of 100 MDS patients (41.

Patients' perceptions of interactions with hospital staff are associated with hospital readmissions: a national survey of 4535 hospitals.

Background: Reducing 30-day hospital readmissions has become a focus of the current national payment policies. Medicare requires that hospitals collect and report patients' experience with their care as a condition of payment. However, the extent to which patients' experience with hospital care is related to hospital readmission is unknown.