The impact of the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic on childhood myopia control practice patterns among ophthalmologists-an international pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus council global perspective.

Background: The prevalence of myopia keeps increasing during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to map the worldwide treatment preferences of ophthalmologists managing myopia control during the first wave of the pandemic.

Methods: An online questionnaire inquiring about pharmacological and optical treatment patterns during the first half of 2020 was sent to pediatric ophthalmology as well as general ophthalmology memberships worldwide.

Evaluation of the Ultrastructural and In Vitro Flow Properties of the PRESERFLO MicroShunt.

Purpose: To measure the in vitro flow properties of the PRESERFLO implant for comparison with the theoretical resistance to flow.

Methods: The PRESERFLO was designed to control the flow of aqueous humor according to the Hagen-Poiseuille (HP) equation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to analyze the ultrastructure, and flow measurements were carried out using a gravity-flow setup.

Botulinum toxin treatment in patients up to 3 years of age who have esotropic Duane retraction syndrome.

Purpose: To report the results of botulinum toxin (BOTOX®, Allergan) type A (BTA) bilateral injection in the treatment of Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) type 1 in patients aged up to 3 years.

Methods: We studied the results of BTA bilateral injection in eight consecutive patients with DRS type 1 and esotropia in primary gaze. Average follow-up was 74 ± 71 months.