Publications by authors named "Lianne Tomfohr-Madsen"

Objective: Conflicting results have arisen regarding the association between prenatal cannabis exposure and risk of parent-reported developmental delay in infancy. In certain instances, this literature has become outdated or failed to adjust for confounding variables. The current study aimed to determine if prenatal cannabis exposure was associated with a greater likelihood of risk of parent-reported developmental delay at 12 months of age in a contemporary cohort, while adjusting for common confounding variables.

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Purpose: Young mothers, defined as those age 25 and under, are at an increased risk of experiencing mental health problems. Despite this increased risk, very few mental health and parenting interventions that target the unique needs of this group are available. This scoping review summarized extant research on mental health and parenting eHealth interventions aimed at young mothers.

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Importance: The effects of prenatal exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection on child development throughout the first 2 years of life are unknown.

Objective: To evaluate whether prenatal exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with child neurodevelopmental outcomes during the first 2 years of life.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study used data from the longitudinal, population-based pan-Canadian Pregnancy During the COVID-19 Pandemic cohort, which recruited participants from April 2020 to July 2022.

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Article Synopsis
  • Discrimination during pregnancy is common among Canadians, with about 72% of pregnant individuals reporting at least one instance in the past year, linking discrimination to mental health issues such as anxiety and depression.
  • The study focused on pregnant individuals, analyzing factors like race, relationship status, socioeconomic status, and pre-existing mental health conditions to understand the effects of interpersonal discrimination.
  • Open-text responses from participants identified key reasons for discrimination, highlighting issues related to gender, age, and socioeconomic factors, which further contributed to the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms among those affected.
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Study Objectives: Insomnia and sleep problems are common in pregnancy and have potentially negative impacts on both parental and infant health. This study examined the sleeping for two adaptation of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) in pregnancy.

Methods: A parallel (1:1) randomized controlled trial evaluated CBT-I (n=32) compared to a treatment as usual (TAU) waitlist (n=32) among pregnant individuals from Alberta, Canada experiencing insomnia.

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Article Synopsis
  • Maternal diabetes is linked to neurodevelopmental delays in children, particularly when combined with pre-pregnancy obesity or hypertensive disorders, showing increased risks at 24 months but not at 12 months.
  • In this study, children were screened at 12 and 24 months using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire to evaluate their development.
  • Findings indicated that maternal obesity and hypertensive disorders heightened the risk for delays in skills like communication and personal-social interactions, especially by 24 months, while maternal diabetes alone did not show a significant association.
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Background: Public health measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic fundamentally altered the socioecological context in which children were developing.

Methods: Using Bronfenbrenner's socioecological theory, we investigate language acquisition among 2-year-old children (n = 4037) born during the pandemic. We focus on "late talkers", defined as children below the 10th percentile on the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories-III.

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Purpose: In contrast to the extensive literature on fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) experienced by adults, literature evaluating pediatric FCR has just begun to emerge. Given the rapidly expanding body of work assessing FCR in childhood and adolescence, a scoping review was conducted to synthesize existing findings. We aimed to assess (1) the characteristics and methods of this literature, (2) how pediatric FCR has been measured, and (3) the extant knowledge of FCR experienced by pediatric survivors of cancer.

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Background: Insomnia in pregnancy is common and highly comorbid with depression.

Objective: To investigate if: 1) depressive symptoms decrease after cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBTI) delivered in pregnancy, and 2) changes in insomnia symptoms represent a mechanism linking CBT-I treatment and reduced symptoms of postpartum depression.

Methods: A two-arm, single-blind, parallel groups randomized controlled trial (RCT) design was used to evaluate the impact of a 5-week CBT-I intervention adapted for pregnant people with insomnia (N = 62).

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Objectives: This study aimed to explore how the unprecedented stressors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic may have contributed to heightened levels of depression and anxiety among pregnant Indigenous persons, and identify protective individual-level factors.

Design: The current study used a mixed-methods design including standardised questionnaires and open-ended response questions. Using hierarchical regression models, we examined the extent to which COVID-19-related factors of service disruption (ie, changes to prenatal care, changes to birth plans and social support) were associated with mental well-being.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study looked at how different groups of adults in Canada sleep, checking things like how long they sleep and if they have trouble falling asleep.
  • They found that females and some gender identities have more trouble with insomnia and feeling rested compared to males.
  • People who are immigrants or speak other languages at home generally sleep better, while those with less money reported having worse sleep.
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Background: The gut microbiota is recognized as a regulator of brain development and behavioral outcomes during childhood. Nonetheless, associations between the gut microbiota and behavior are often inconsistent among studies in humans, perhaps because many host-microbe relationships vary widely between individuals. This study aims to stratify children based on their gut microbiota composition (i.

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Introduction: Chronic pain (pain >3 months) is a growing epidemic. Normal pregnancy may give rise to recurrent and sometimes constant pain for women. Women with worse pain symptoms are more likely to report symptoms of anxiety, depression, and/or insomnia during the perinatal period, which may impact labor and delivery outcomes.

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Background: Digital interventions help address barriers to traditional health care services. Fathers play an important parenting role in their families, and their involvement is beneficial for family well-being. Although digital interventions are a promising avenue to facilitate father involvement during the perinatal period, most are oriented toward maternal needs and do not address the unique needs of fathers.

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Objective: Attempts by governments around the world to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 have substantially altered the early rearing environment, raising concerns about potential negative consequences for babies born during this time. The objective of this study was to determine whether infants born during the COVID-19 pandemic were at greater risk of screening positive for developmental delay compared with infants born before the pandemic.

Methods: Participants were from 2 longitudinal cohorts.

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The COVID-19 pandemic was a substantial stressor, especially for pregnant individuals. We aimed to understand the impact of COVID-19-related stresses on pregnant individuals and their infants and collected survey-based data across Canada as part of the Pregnancy during the COVID-19 Pandemic (PdP) project. The dataset described here provides baseline prenatal data and basic birth outcomes from PdP participants.

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Background: The prevalence of prenatal depressive symptoms has more than doubled during the COVID-19 pandemic, raising substantial concerns about child outcomes including sleep problems and altered brain development. The objective of this work was to determine relationships between prenatal depressive symptoms, infant brain network structure, and infant sleep.

Methods: Pregnant individuals were recruited as part of the Pregnancy during the Pandemic (PdP) study.

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The relationship between the gut microbiota and neurocognitive outcomes is becoming increasingly recognized; however, findings in humans are inconsistent. In addition, few studies have investigated the gut microbial metabolites that may mediate this relationship. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between full-scale intelligence (FSIQ) and the composition of the gut microbiota and metabolome in preschool children.

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Bedtime digital media use (BDM) is linked to poor sleep and fatigue in many populations. Pediatric cancer patients have been observed to engage in BDM in clinical settings, but it is unknown whether BDM rates are higher in this population or how this impacts their sleep and fatigue during treatment and into survivorship. The goal of this study was to evaluate patterns of BDM and its relationship with sleep and fatigue in a sample of pediatric cancer survivors and to compare these patterns with children from their own family (i.

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Background: Preeclampsia affects between 2% and 5% of pregnant people in North America. First-trimester preeclampsia screening based on the Fetal Medicine Foundation risk calculation algorithm combined with treatment of high-risk patients with aspirin effectively reduces the incidence of preterm preeclampsia more than the currently used risk factor-based screening. However, the impact of such screening on patient satisfaction and maternal anxiety is unknown.

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Background: Antenatal depression (AD) is the most common complication of pregnancy in developed countries and increases the risk of preterm birth (PTB). Many pregnant individuals with AD do not obtain treatment due in part to risks associated with antidepressant medications, the expense and wait times for psychological services, and perceived stigma. Accessible and timely treatment of antenatal depression is crucial to minimize foetal impacts and associated long-term child health outcomes.

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