Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: a potential cell-free therapy for orthodontic tooth stability management.

Orthodontic relapse (OR) occurs at a rate of over 70%. Retention is the current attempt at prevention, but it requires a considerable amount of time and cannot fully block OR. It's imperative to find a safe and effective method for managing post-orthodontic tooth stability.

Immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (CoronaVac®) co-administered with an inactivated enterovirus type 71 vaccine (Inlive®): A phase 4, randomized, controlled trial.

NCT04993365 (ClinicalTrials.gov).

Metformin Attenuates Partial Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Salivary Gland Inflammation via PI3K/Akt/GSK3β/Snail Signaling Axis.

Chronic inflammation in the salivary glands (SG) often triggers epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), leading to the loss of acinar function and promoting fibrosis. This study explores the role of Metformin in mitigating partial EMT in SG inflammation. In vitro, human salivary gland epithelial cells (hSGECs) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Metformin.

Metformin Attenuates TGF-β1-Induced Fibrosis in Salivary Gland: A Preliminary Study.

Fibrosis commonly arises from salivary gland injuries induced by factors such as inflammation, ductal obstruction, radiation, aging, and autoimmunity, leading to glandular atrophy and functional impairment. However, effective treatments for these injuries remain elusive. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) is fundamental in fibrosis, advancing fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts and enhancing the extracellular matrix in the salivary gland.

Investigation on the possibility of dynamic COVID-Zero strategy in China: a population-based transmission model analysis and economic evaluation.

Objective: To explore the feasible and cost-effective intervention strategies to achieve the goal of dynamic COVID-Zero in China.

Design: A Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered model combined economic evaluation was used to generate the number of infections, the time for dynamic COVID-Zero and calculate cost-effectiveness under different intervention strategies. The model simulated the 1 year spread of COVID-19 in mainland China after 100 initial infections were imported.

Cost-effectiveness analysis on COVID-19 surveillance strategy of large-scale sports competition.

Background: Nucleic acid test (NAT) could effectively control the spread of COVID-19 caused by large-scale sports competitions. However, quantitative analysis on the appropriate frequency of NAT is scarce, and the cost-effectiveness and necessity of high-frequency NAT remain to be fully explored and validated. This study aims to optimize the COVID-19 surveillance strategies through cost-effectiveness analysis for the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games and the upcoming Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.

Impact of Regions with COVID-19 Cases on COVID-Zero Regions by Population Mobility - Worldwide, 2021.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Reducing population mobility and increasing the vaccination rate for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 can decrease the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

What Is Added By This Report?: In order to reduce the incidence of COVID-19 to the levels of influenza after restoring normal mobility, the efficacy against infection needs to be increased to 40% and the efficacy against symptomatic disease needs to be increased to 90%. The efficacy against infection has a more important impact compared to efficacy against symptomatic disease or death on the transmission of COVID-19 at the population level.

Association between human coronaviruses' epidemic and environmental factors on a global scale.

Environmental factors could influence the epidemic of virus in human; however, the association remains intricate, and the evidence is still not clear in human coronaviruses (HCoVs). We aimed to explore and compare the associations between HCoVs' epidemic and environmental factors globally. Four common HCoVs' data were collected by a systematic literature review, and data of MERS, SARS, and COVID-19 were collected from the World Health Organization's reports.