Expression and Role of CXCL13 and MiR-186-5p in the Trigeminal Ganglion of a Rat Model of Trigeminal Neuralgia.

Aim: This study sought to reveal the roles of CXCL13 and miR-186-5p in a rat model (adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, 7-8 weeks old, 180-200 g) of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) established via chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (ION-CCI).

Material And Methods: The results of behavioural tests and the expression levels of miR-186-5p and CXCL13 in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) were compared between the sham and ION-CCI groups, as well as the consequences of the miR-186-5p mimic and inhibitor.

Results: Compared with the sham-operated rats, ION-CCI rats displayed mechanical hypersensitivity in the von Frey hair test.

Freeform surface for light shaping by iterative design via Fourier domain.

We extend our previous work [Yang et al., Opt. Express29, 3621 (2021)10.

Antiderivative of gradient data by spline model integration.

Numerous optical techniques describe the local slope of the functions at their discrete positions but do not report the actual functions. However, many applications require the description of the functions, which must be retrieved from the gradients by an integration process. This study shows a spline model function-based integration technique that can construct original functions from irregularly measured gradient data over general shape domains with high accuracy and speed.

Light-shaping design by a fourier pair synthesis: the homeomorphic case.

From a physical-optics point of view, the far-field light-shaping problem mainly requires a Fourier pair synthesis. The Iterative Fourier Transform Algorithm (IFTA) is one of the algorithms capable of realizing this synthesis, however, it may lead to stagnation problems when the fields of the Fourier pair exhibit a homeomorphic behavior. To overcome this problem, we use a mapping-type relation for the Fourier pair synthesis.

Light shaping by freeform surface from a physical-optics point of view.

Modeling techniques for light-shaping systems with freeform surface are presented from a physical-optics point of view. We apply the modeling techniques to different light-shaping systems with freeform surfaces designed by "ray mapping method". The simulation results show that the design is not always valid.

Expression of pannexin-1 in the trigeminal ganglion after chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve in a rat model.

Pannexin-1 (Panx 1) is a large-pore membrane channel that is expressed widely in the nervous system and is involved in the physiological and pathological processes of some neurological diseases. Here, we investigate the expression of Panx 1 in a rat model of trigeminal neuralgia (TN). After chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the infraorbital nerve (ION), rats showed mechanical hypersensitivity responses to mechanical stimuli by von Frey hairs in contrast to sham rats.

Effect of polarization purity of cylindrical vector beam on tightly focused spot.

The tightly focused spots of cylindrical vectors (CVs) are dependent on polarization composition. We experimentally demonstrate the effect of polarization purity (PP) of the CV beam on the tightly focused spot quantitatively, which should be strictly controlled for the effective applications of the CV beam. The focal spots measured by a knife-edge scanning method showed that the azimuthally polarized (AP) component increases the transverse field and the size of the focal spots, while the radially polarized component results in a nonzero intensity distribution at the center of the focus even in a high PP AP beam.

Minimized spot of annular radially polarized focusing beam.

We have experimentally demonstrated the measurement of a tighter focal spot generated by a radially polarized narrow-width annular beam with the double-knife-edge method. The reconstructed spot profiles indicate that sharper focus cannot be achieved by shrinking the annular aperture further. The smallest focal spot (0.