Association between the polymorphisms and the susceptibility of chronic hepatitis B: A comprehensive meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the human leukocyte antigen ()- gene are associated with chronic inflammatory and immunological diseases. Host genetic factors have a key role in the development of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the polymorphisms and the susceptibility to CHB.

The farnesoid X receptor FXRalpha/NR1H4 acquired ligand specificity for bile salts late in vertebrate evolution.

The nuclear receptor FXRalpha (NR1H4) plays a pivotal role in maintaining bile salt and lipid homeostasis by functioning as a bile salt sensor in mammals. In contrast, FXRbeta (NR1H5) from mouse is activated by lanosterol and does not share common ligands with FXRalpha. To further elucidate FXR ligand/receptor and structure/function relationships, we characterized a FXR gene from the marine skate, Leucoraja erinacea, representing a vertebrate lineage that diverged over 400 million years ago.

[Detection and analysis of HAV-HEV, HGV infection in patients with viral hepatitis].

Objective: To study the simple infection and super/co-infection of HAV-HEV, HGV in patients with viral hepatitis.

Methods: Using EIA method to detect anti-HAV IgM, HBV serum markers, anti-HCV IgM, anti-HDV IgM, anti-HEV IgM, anti-HGV IgM in viral hepatitis patients with different clinical types.

Results: Seventy-three percent patients (154/210) had HBV infection markers, twenty-nine percent patients (61/210) had HAV infection marker, eight percent patients (17/210) had HCV, HDV infection markers, ten percent patients (21/210) had HEV infection and seven percent patients (15/210) had HGV infection.