The association between epilepsy and COVID-19: analysis based on Mendelian randomization and FUMA.

Objective: A multitude of observational studies have underscored a substantial comorbidity between COVID-19 and epilepsy. This study was aimed at establishing a conclusive causal link between these two conditions.

Methods: We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to evaluate the causal link between COVID-19 and epilepsy, as well as its focal and generalized subtypes.

RAGE: a potential target for Epimedium's anti-neuroinflammation role in vascular dementia-insights from network pharmacology and molecular simulation.

Vascular dementia (VaD), a cognitive impairment resulting from cerebrovascular issues, could be mitigated by Epimedium. This study investigates Epimedium's efficacy in VaD management through a systematic review, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulations (MDS). Comprehensive literature searches were conducted across various databases.

HIF-1 signalling pathway was identified as a potential new pathway for Icariin's treatment against Alzheimer's disease based on preclinical evidence and bioinformatics.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition that is characterized by the gradual loss of memory and cognitive function. Icariin, which is a natural chemical isolated from , has been shown to protect against AD. This research examined the potential mechanisms of Icariin's treatment against AD a comprehensive review of relevant preclinical studies coupled with network pharmacology.

Natural Hybrid Origin of the Controversial "Species" × (Ranunculaceae) Based on Multidisciplinary Evidence.

Interspecific hybridization is common and has often been viewed as a driving force of plant diversity. However, it raises taxonomic problems and thus impacts biodiversity estimation and biological conservation. Although previous molecular phylogenetic studies suggested that interspecific hybridization may be rather common in , and artificial hybridization has been widely applied to produce new cultivars for nearly two centuries, the issue of natural hybridization of has never been addressed in detail.

An updated phylogenetic and biogeographic analysis based on genome skimming data reveals convergent evolution of shrubby habit in Clematis in the Pliocene and Pleistocene.

Convergent evolution, often viewed as the inevitable outcome of natural selection, has received special attention since the time of Darwin. Clematis is well known for its climbing habit, but it has some shrubby species, known as sect. Fruticella s.