Analysis of neuroglia and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment of breast cancer brain metastasis.

Breast cancer stands as the most prevalent cancer diagnosed worldwide, often leading to brain metastasis, a challenging complication characterized by high mortality rates and a grim prognosis. Understanding the intricate mechanisms governing breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) remains an ongoing challenge. The unique microenvironment in the brain fosters an ideal setting for the colonization of breast cancer cells.

EIF4G2 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via IRES-dependent PLEKHA1 Translation Regulation.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly lethal cancer, and proteomic studies have shown increased protein diversity and abundance in HCC tissues, whereas the role of protein translation has not been extensively explored in HCC. Our research focused on key molecules in the translation process to identify a potential contributor in HCC. We discovered that EIF4G2, a crucial translation initiation factor, is significantly upregulated in HCC tissues and associated with poor prognosis.

Global burden and trends in pre- and post-menopausal gynecological cancer from 1990 to 2019, with Projections to 2040: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The global burden and trends in gynecological cancer (GC) by menopausal status worldwide remain unclear.

Methods: Data on the number of incident cases and deaths, as well as age-standardized rates (ASR) and risk factors for GC in pre- and post-menopausal women were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. The estimated annual percent change was calculated to quantify the temporal trend of GC burden by menopausal status between 1990 and 2019.

Proteomic analysis of DEN and CCl-induced hepatocellular carcinoma mouse model.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) seriously threatens human health, mostly developed from liver fibrosis or cirrhosis. Since diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-induced HCC mouse model almost recapitulates the characteristic of HCC with fibrosis and inflammation, it is taken as an essential tool to investigate the pathogenesis of HCC. However, a comprehensive understanding of the protein expression profile of this model is little.

TR4 worsen urosepsis by regulating GSDMD.

Background: Urosepsis is a life-threatening organ disease in which pathogenic microorganisms in the urine enter the blood through the vessels, causing an imbalance in the immune response to infection. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of testicular orphan receptor 4 (TR4) in urosepsis.

Methods: The role of TR4 in the progression and prognosis of urosepsis was confirmed by analyzing data from online databases and clinical human samples.

The DDUP protein encoded by the DNA damage-induced CTBP1-DT lncRNA confers cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer.

Sustained activation of DNA damage response (DDR) signaling has been demonstrated to play vital role in chemotherapy failure in cancer. However, the mechanism underlying DDR sustaining in cancer cells remains unclear. In the current study, we found that the expression of the DDUP microprotein, encoded by the CTBP1-DT lncRNA, drastically increased in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells and was inversely correlated to cisplatin-based therapy response.

Exosome-derived circTFDP2 promotes prostate cancer progression by preventing PARP1 from caspase-3-dependent cleavage.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to play a significant role in tumorigenesis. However, the detailed function of circRNA in prostate cancer (PCa) is still largely unknown.

Methods: We quantified circTFDP2 expression in PCa tissues and adjacent normal tissues using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Exosomes in Genitourinary Cancers: Emerging Mediators of Drug Resistance and Promising Biomarkers.

Drug resistance presents a major obstacle in the treatment of genitourinary cancers. Exosomes as the medium of intercellular communication serve important biological functions and play essential roles in pathological processes, including drug response. Through the transfer of bioactive cargoes, exosomes can modulate drug resistance via multiple mechanisms.

ALG8 Fuels Stemness Through Glycosylation of the WNT/Beta-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Colon Cancer.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) drive tumor relapse, which is a major clinical challenge in colon cancer. Targeting CSCs presents a great opportunity in eradicating cancer cells and thus treatment of patients with cancer. However, the epigenetic control of the CSC signature and key molecules involved in colon cancer remains undefined.

Adding fuel to the fire: The lipid droplet and its associated proteins in cancer progression.

A lipid droplet (LD) is an organelle that consists of a phospholipid monolayer and a neutral lipid core, with proteins embedded in or attached to its surface. Until recently, cancers had long been regarded as genetic disorders with the abnormal activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes before their quality of a metabolic disorder began to be recognized. The last decade has witnessed the recognition of several metabolic characteristics of cancer cells, among which one is the accumulation of lipid droplets; therefore, attention has been given to exploring the role of LDs in carcinomas.

METTL1 drives tumor progression of bladder cancer via degrading ATF3 mRNA in an mG-modified miR-760-dependent manner.

7-methylguanosine (mG) modification is recently found to conservatively exist in RNA internal position besides mRNA caps and mediates the various RNA metabolisms. As the core confirmed transmethylase of mG modification, METTL1 has been reported in certain human cancers. However, the role of internal mG at miRNAs and its core writer METTL1 in bladder cancer (BCa) remains to be elucidated.

A cholesterogenic gene signature for predicting the prognosis of young breast cancer patients.

Purpose: We aimed to establish a cholesterogenic gene signature to predict the prognosis of young breast cancer (BC) patients and then verified it using cell line experiments.

Methods: In the bioinformatic section, transcriptional data and corresponding clinical data of young BC patients (age ≤ 45 years) were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for training set. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were compared between tumour tissue ( = 183) and normal tissue ( = 30).

Nitroxoline suppresses metastasis in bladder cancer via EGR1/circNDRG1/miR-520h/smad7/EMT signaling pathway.

Bladder cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancer worldwide. Current chemotherapy has shown limited efficacy in improving outcomes for patients. Nitroxoline, an old and widely used oral antibiotic, which was known to treat for urinary tract infection for decades.

ARHGEF37 overexpression promotes extravasation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma via directly activating Cdc42.

Background: The extravasation capability of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells plays a vital role in distant metastasis. However, the underlying mechanism of extravasation in HCC lung metastasis remains largely unclear.

Methods: The expression of ARHGEF37 in human HCC specimens and HCC cell lines was examined by quantitative RT-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses.

A Cytological Atlas of the Human Liver Proteome from PROTEOME-LIVER 2.0, a Publicly Available Database.

The liver plays a unique role as a metabolic center of the body, and also performs other important functions such as detoxification and immune response. Here, we establish a cell type-resolved healthy human liver proteome including hepatocytes (HCs), hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), Kupffer cells (KCs), and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Overall, we quantify total 8354 proteins for four cell types and over 6000 proteins for each cell type.

circPDE5A regulates prostate cancer metastasis via controlling WTAP-dependent N6-methyladenisine methylation of EIF3C mRNA.

Background: Circular RNA (circRNA) is a novel class noncoding RNA (ncRNA) that plays a critical role in various cancers, including prostate cancer (PCa). However, the clinical significance, biological function, and molecular mechanisms of circRNAs in prostate cancer remain to be elucidated.

Methods: A circRNA array was performed to identified the differentially expressed circRNAs.

N-methyladenosine-modified TRAF1 promotes sunitinib resistance by regulating apoptosis and angiogenesis in a METTL14-dependent manner in renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Sunitinib resistance can be classified into primary and secondary resistance. While accumulating research has indicated several underlying factors contributing to sunitinib resistance, the precise mechanisms in renal cell carcinoma are still unclear.

Methods: RNA sequencing and m6A sequencing were used to screen for functional genes involved in sunitinib resistance.

Ibrutinib in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Retrospective Study.

Limited treatment options are available for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma (RR DLBCL). Few clinical studies have reported the use of Ibrutinib, a covalent Bruton Tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, in RR DLBCL. There are relatively few clinical studies about Ibrutinib in RR DLBCL now.

The pathological tissue expression pattern and clinical significance of m6A-regulatory genes in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Aberrant expression of m6A-related proteins contributes to the occurrence and progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Current studies mainly focus on single m6A regulatory genes and their underlying mechanisms, and the expression of multiple m6A regulatory proteins in NSCLC remains unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically examine these proteins, particularly in clinical specimens.

Testicular Nuclear Receptor 4 Regulates Proliferation and Apoptosis of Bladder Cancer Bcl-2.

Testicular nuclear receptor 4 (TR4) is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor family and acts as a ligand-activated transcription factor and functions in many biological processes, such as development, cellular differentiation, and homeostasis. Recent studies have shown that TR4 plays an important role in prostate cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma; however, its potential link to bladder cancer (BC) remains unknown. This study found that bladder cancer exhibited a higher expression of TR4 compared to normal tissues.

Silencing ZIC2 abrogates tumorigenesis and anoikis resistance of non-small cell lung cancer cells by inhibiting Src/FAK signaling.

Aberrant expression of the zinc finger protein (ZIC) family has been extensively reported to contribute to progression and metastasis in multiple human cancers. However, the functional roles and underlying mechanisms of ZIC2 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are largely unknown. In this study, ZIC2 expression was evaluated using qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry, respectively.