Preparation and characterization of zwitterion-substituted lignin/Nafion composite membranes.

In this study, a novel zwitterion-substituted lignin (ZL) containing amino and sulfonic acid groups was synthesized, and ZL/Nafion composite membranes were fabricated as proton exchange membranes. Kraft lignin was modified using an aminosilane and 1,3-propanesultone via a continuous grafting reaction to provide zwitterionic moieties. Chemical structural analyses confirmed the successful introduction of the zwitterion moiety into lignin.

Multi-physics coupling reinforced polyvinyl alcohol/cellulose nanofibrils based multifunctional hydrogel sensor for human motion monitoring.

Ionic conductive hydrogels have been widely used for sensor, energy storage and human-machine interface. To address the problems of the traditional ionic conductive hydrogels fabricated with the soaking method, such as the lack of frost resistance, poor mechanical properties, time-consuming and chemical-wasting, herein, a multi-physics crosslinking reinforced strong, anti-freezing and ionic conductive hydrogel sensor is fabricated utilizing the tannin acid-Fe(SO) through the simple one-pot freezing-thawing process at low electrolyte concentration. The results show that the PCT-Fe(SO) (PVACNFTA-Fe(SO)) displayed better mechanical property and ionic conductivity due to hydrogen bonding and coordination interaction.

ZNF460 mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition to promote gastric cancer progression by transactivating APOC1 expression.

Zinc finger protein 460 (ZNF460) is closely related to the progression of a variety of human cancers. However, the biological role of ZNF460 in gastric cancer remains fully unrevealed. This study aimed to investigate the role and potential mechanism of ZNF460 in gastric cancer.

Yielding and thixotropic cellulose microgel-based network in high-content surfactant for stably suspending of functional beads.

Functional particles, such as microcapsules of perfumes, enzymes, or anti-mite agents, are desired to stably suspend in the high-content surfactant solution, providing additional functionalities for household products. Due to the disassociation of high-content surfactant, most linear or branched polymers would fail to modify the rheological properties of the high-content surfactant solution, especially for the suspending ability. In this research, the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl oxidized bacterial cellulose microgel (T-microgel) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) were employed as "island" and "chain," respectively, which could self-assemble together to fabricate a yield and thixotropic continuous network in a high-content surfactant solution.

Preparation of amine-functionalized lignins for the selective adsorption of Methylene blue and Congo red.

Research on low-cost bio-adsorbents for the removal of harmful substances from effluents has recently attracted significant attention. In this study, three types of amino-silane-modified lignins (ASLs) with primary, secondary, and tertiary amine groups were prepared, and their adsorption behavior toward cationic and anionic dyes was investigated. Chemical structural analyses indicated that the three amino-silane reagents resulted in different molecular self-assembly structures on the lignin surface.

Synthesis of lignin-modified cellulose nanocrystals with antioxidant activity via Diels-Alder reaction and its application in carboxymethyl cellulose film.

Multifunctional polymers derived from renewable organic substances have received significant attention. In this work, the Diels-Alder "click" reaction was used to synthesize a renewable copolymer with the mechanical strength of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and the natural antioxidant activity of lignin. Chemical structural analysis and molecular weight results confirmed that lignin was successfully attached to the CNCs.

A Novel Biosorbent From Hardwood Cellulose Nanofibrils Grafted With Poly(-Aminobenzene Sulfonate) for Adsorption of Cr(VI).

Cellulose from different lignocellulosic biomass can be used to prepare various materials. In this work, the cellulose nanofibrils were produced from hardwood bleached kraft pulp. Then, a novel biosorbent from cellulose nanofibrils grafted with poly(-aminobenzene sulfonate) (PABS) was prepared for effective detoxification and adsorption of Cr(VI) in an aqueous medium.

One-step silanization and amination of lignin and its adsorption of Congo red and Cu(II) ions in aqueous solution.

In this work, silanized and aminated lignin (SAL) was synthesized in one step and its adsorption of Congo red and Cu(II) ions in aqueous solution was explored. Lignin was subjected to amine-silanization with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES). Structural characterization substantiated successful amine-silanzation of lignin and formation of multi-layer APTES intermolecular crosslinked structure.

A Novel Method for Estimating Pitch and Yaw of Rotating Projectiles Based on Dynamic Constraints.

This paper addresses the difficult problem of measuring the attitude of a high-spinning projectile and presents a novel method for estimating the pitch and yaw angles of the projectile in flight. The method is based on analysis of the external moment of the rotating projectile during flight and theoretical derivations obtained from the dynamics' equations. First, the principle of zero-crossing method is introduced, which explains the process of geomagnetic azimuth and roll measurements by the non-orthogonal geomagnetic sensor combination.

Long-Term Outcomes Comparison of Endoscopic Resection With Gastrectomy for Treatment of Early Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Endoscopic resection (ER) and gastrectomy have been both accepted as curative treatments for early gastric cancer. We intended to compare ER with gastrectomy treatments on safety of patients, disease-free survival and overall survival for early gastric cancer through this systematic review. A literature search was performed in Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases.

Fractionation of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin by sequential extraction for enhancing antioxidant performance.

The heterogeneity of lignin chemical structure and molecular weight results in the lignin inhomogeneous properties which also covers the antioxidant performance. In order to evaluate the effects of lignin heterogeneity on its antioxidant activity, four lignin fractions from enzymatic hydrolysis lignin were classified by sequential organic solvent extraction and further evaluated by DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging capacity and reducing power analysis. The characterization including FTIR, H NMR and GPC showed that the fractionation process could effectively separate lignin fractions with distinctly different molecular weight and weaken the heterogeneity of unfractionated lignin.