Prophylactic IL-23 blockade uncouples efficacy and toxicity in dual CTLA-4 and PD-1 immunotherapy.

Background: Immune-related adverse events (irAEs), characterized by targeted inflammation, occur in up to 60% of patients with melanoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Evidence proved that the baseline peripheral blood profiles of patients at risk for severe irAEs development paralleled clinical autoimmunity. Interleukin (IL)-23 blockade with risankizumab is recommended for cases that are suffering from autoimmune disease, such as autoimmune colitis.

Usage of intermingled skin allografts and autografts in a senior patient with major burn injury.

Mortality rate in older adults following extensive burn injury is extremely high, and management of these patients is challenging. One of the main problems is that autologous split-thickness skin grafts are scarce and the wounds cannot be covered quickly and effectively. Intermingled skin grafting is a low-tech and economic method, which not only maximizes the use of precious autologous skin but also prevents the wounds from infection and consumption.

[Analysis on the diagnosis and treatment of necrotizing fasciitis complicated with sepsis].

Objective: To recognize the characteristics of necrotizing fasciitis patients complicated with sepsis and summarize the experience the treatment.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted. The clinical data of 57 patients with necrotizing fasciitis complicated with sepsis admitted to Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from July 2009 to December 2019 was analyzed by collecting such factors as gender, age, complications, infection sites, pathogens, surgery information, treatment options and outcome.

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Its Changes are Related to Grade II-IV Glioma Recurrence.

Objective: To explore whether the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and its changes are related to tumor recurrence in grade II-IV glioma patients.

Methods: One hundred patients who underwent two surgeries (first for diagnosis and the second for recurrence) were retrospectively analyzed. Complete blood count was obtained preoperatively before any treatment.

Prevention effect of low-temperature atomization inhalation for radiation induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy.

To investigate the prevention effect of low-temperature atomization inhalation for radiation induced oral mucositis (OM) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) undergoing radiotherapy. A total of 68 patients with HNC (including nasopharyngeal cancer) undergoing radiotherapy were divided into an intervention group (33 cases) and a control group (35 cases). During radiotherapy, the intervention group received low-temperature (between 4°C and 8°C) atomization inhalation; while the control group received normal temperature (between 18°C and 24°C) atomization inhalation.

[Protective effects of valproic acid on gut barrier function after major burn injury and its mechanism].

Objective: To investigate the potential protective effects of valproic acid (VPA) on gut barrier function after major burn injury in rats and its mechanism.

Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into sham + normal saline (NS), sham + VPA, scald + NS, and scald + VPA groups, with 10 rats in each group. Rat with 55% total body surface area (TBSA) third-degree severe-burns model was reproduced by immersing into 80 °C water, and the rats in sham groups were given sham-burns by immersing into 37 °C water.

The effect of non-small cell lung cancer histology on survival as measured by the graded prognostic assessment in patients with brain metastases treated by hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of histology on survival stratified by the Graded Prognostic Assessment (GPA) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a group of selected patients treated recently.

Methods: A total of 171 NSCLC patients with brain metastases treated by hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy with or without whole-brain radiotherapy between 2001 and 2011 were included. The GPA score was calculated for each patient.

[Analysis of liver damage and reactivation of hepatitis B virus in hepatitis B surface antigen positive patients after extremely severe burn injury].

Objective: To analyze the development of liver damage and reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) during the treatment of extremely severe burn injury in HBsAg positive patients, in order to provide reference for prevention and treatment of liver damage in patients with HBV infection after extremely severe burn.

Methods: Medical records of 54 HBsAg positive patients after extremely severe burn injury admitted from January 2004 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Development of liver damage and HBV reactivation of these patients during the treatment were analyzed according to the classification of their gender, results of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and HBV DNA examinations on admission, and development of sepsis in the process of treatment.

[Classification and management of sternal wound complications after cardiac surgery].

Objective: To define the classification of sternal wound complications after cardiac surgery and to explore the appropriate surgical treatment.

Methods: Between July 2008 and January 2014, 260 patients with sternal wound complications after cardiac surgery were treated. There were 124 males and 136 females, aged 11-75 years (mean, 49.

[Effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on lipopolysacharide-induced secretion of inflammatory cytokines in rat macrophages in vitro].

Objective: To investigate the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on secretion of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages stimulated by lipopolysacharide (LPS).

Methods: Rat BMSCs and macrophages were isolated, cultured, and identified. The BMSCs and macrophages, cultured alone or in co-culture, were treated with LPS or PBS or without treatment and tested for interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations in the supernatants at 1, 3, 5, 7, 12, and 24 h after the treatment using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy with or without whole-brain radiotherapy for patients with newly diagnosed brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer.

Object: This study was undertaken to analyze outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were treated with hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HSRT) with or without whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT).

Methods: One hundred seventy-one patients comprised the study population. Fifty-four patients received HSRT alone, and 117 patients received both HSRT and WBRT.

Predictors of grade ≥ 2 and grade ≥ 3 radiation pneumonitis in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy.

Unlabelled: Grade ≥ 3 radiation pneumonitis (RP) is generally severe and life-threatening. Predictors of grade ≥ 2 are usually used for grade ≥ 3 RP prediction, but it is unclear whether these predictors are appropriate. In this study, predictors of grade ≥ 2 and grade ≥ 3 RP were investigated separately.