Astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles inhibit the abnormal activation of immune function in neonatal mice with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage by carrying miR-124-3p.

Objective: Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is among the leading causes of neonatal death worldwide. miR-124-3p can be utilized as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for perinatal asphyxia and HI encephalopathy in newborns. This study investigated the protective effect and mechanism of miR-124-3p in astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (ADEVs) in HIBD.

Improved Results on Fixed-/Preassigned-Time Synchronization for Memristive Complex-Valued Neural Networks.

This article concerns the problems of synchronization in a fixed time or prespecified time for memristive complex-valued neural networks (MCVNNs), in which the state variables, activation functions, rates of neuron self-inhibition, neural connection memristive weights, and external inputs are all assumed to be complex-valued. First, the more comprehensive fixed-time stability theorem and more accurate estimations on settling time (ST) are systematically established by using the comparison principle. Second, by introducing different norms of complex numbers instead of decomposing the complex-valued system into real and imaginary parts, we successfully design several simpler discontinuous controllers to acquire much improved fixed-time synchronization (FXTS) results.

Global stability of an HIV infection model with saturated CTL immune response and intracellular delay.

In this paper, we consider an HIV infection model with saturated infection rate, intracellular delay and saturated cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immune response. By calculation, we obtain immunity-inactivated reproduction number $\mathscr{R}_0$ and immunity-activated reproduction number $\mathscr{R}_1$. By analyzing the distribution of roots of the corresponding characteristic equations, we study the local stability of an infection-free equilibrium, an immunity-inactivated equilibrium and an immunity-activated equilibrium of the model.

Low PTEN expression and overexpression of phosphorylated Akt and Akt are associated with poor overall survival in upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway serves an essential role in various cellular processes, including cell growth, survival, cell motility, angiogenesis and cell metabolism. Loss of PTEN expression and hyperactivation of Akt can result in tumorigenesis. Previous studies observed expression of the Akt protein and absence of the PTEN protein in bladder cancer and non-small cell lung carcinoma tissues.

Synchronization of a novel model for memristive neural networks via sliding mode control.

In this paper, a novel memristive neural networks model is developed. In the new model, the states of memristors are related to the initial resistance of the memristors and the amount of charge flowing through them in a specific direction, which embodies the memory characteristic of memristors. As a consequence, parameters in the model vary continuously and cannot be determined by the states of neurons.

Structural, Photophysical, and Electronic Properties of CHNHPbCl Single Crystals.

Methylammonium lead chloride (CHNHPbCl or MAPbCl) single crystals were fabricated using the inverse temperature crystallization method, and their structural, photophysical, and electronic characteristics were studied using temperature dependent optical spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), current-voltage, and Hall measurements. The changes in absorption and photoluminescence properties accompanied with structural changes in crystal lattice were studied within a broad temperature range of 300-20 K. XRD investigations reveal that phase changes took placed around 180 K and 175 K.

Effect of Metal Ions on Hybrid Graphite-Diamond Nanowire Growth: Conductivity Measurements from a Single Nanowire Device.

Novel Cd ions mediated reproducible hybrid graphite-diamond nanowire (G-DNWs; Cd- NW) growth from 4-Amino-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol ( functionalized diamond nanoparticles () via supramolecular assembly is reported and demonstrated through TEM and AFM images. FTIR, EDX and XPS studies reveal the supramolecular coordination between functional units of and Cd ions towards NWs growth. Investigations of XPS, XRD and Raman data show the covering of graphite sheath over DNWs.

An Affordable Wet Chemical Route to Grow Conducting Hybrid Graphite-Diamond Nanowires: Demonstration by A Single Nanowire Device.

We report an affordable wet chemical route for the reproducible hybrid graphite-diamond nanowires (G-DNWs) growth from cysteamine functionalized diamond nanoparticles (ND-Cys) via pH induced self-assembly, which has been visualized through SEM and TEM images. Interestingly, the mechanistic aspects behind that self-assembly directed G-DNWs formation was discussed in details. Notably, above self-assembly was validated by AFM and TEM data.

Pathogenesis of the intravertebral vacuum of Kümmell's disease.

In this review, we explored the progress of the pathogenesis of Kümmell's disease intravertebral vacuum. Using different expressions of the same disease including 'Kümmell's disease', 'avascular necrosis after vertebral compression fracture (VCF)', 'post-traumatic vertebral osteonecrosis', 'vertebral pseudarthrosis', 'intravertebral vacuum (cleft or gas)', 'delayed vertebral collapse', 'VCF nonunion', and by conducting a search of the PubMed database, we analyzed the results to examine the pathogenesis of the intravertebral vacuum of Kümmell's disease after referring to pertinent literature on intravertebral vacuum of ischemic necrosis after VCF, and exploring the progress of pathogenesis of this disease. A number of discrepancies were identified within the pathogenesis of the intravertebral vacuum after VCF.

Low temperature and high magnetic field spectroscopic ellipsometry system.

We report on the design and implementation of a spectral ellipsometer at near-infrared wavelength (700-1000 nm) for samples placed in high magnetic fields (up to 14 T) at low temperatures (~4.2 K). The main optical components are integrated in a probe, which can be inserted into a conventional long-neck He dewar and has a very long free-space optical path (~1.

Sampling 4-chlorophenol in water by DGT technique with molecularly imprinted polymer as binding agent and nylon membrane as diffusive layer.

For the first time, a diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) device using molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) as the binding agent and nylon membrane (NM) as the diffusive layer (NM-MIP-DGT) has been developed for sampling 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) in water. The MIP was prepared by precipitation polymerization with methacrylic acid as monomer and ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker. The diffusion coefficient of 4-CP through NM was obtained to be 0.

[Expression of NR1 mRNA of NMDA receptor by gastrodine on hypoxia injury in cultured rat cerebral cortical neurons].

Objective: To investigate the effect of gastrodine on the expression of NR1 mRNA of NMDA receptor in cultured rat cerebral cortical neurons injury induced by hypoxia.

Method: The injury models of cultured rat cerebral cortical neurons was made by hypoxia and hypoglucose. The concentration of 13, 26, 52 mg x L(-1) of gastrodine was respectively added to the injured cells.

Selective reduction of anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG subclass antibody in gastric carcinoma.

Background: Epidemiological studies have demonstrated strong links between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric adenocarcinoma. Recent studies suggest that cell-mediated immunity influences the outcome of infection, including the development of gastric adenocarcinoma. The T-cell response can be characterized in terms of the secreted cytokine profile, which in turn influences the B-cell response including the balance of IgG subclass antibody.