Effects of orientation and distance of goats on blast lung injury characteristics on a plateau above 4500-meter.

Purpose: High explosives are used to produce blast waves to study their biological effects. The lungs are considered as the critical target organ in blast-effect studies. The degree of lung hemorrhaging is related to both the explosive power and the increased lung weight.

Regional hypothermia attenuates secondary-injury caused by time-out application of tourniquets following limb fragments injury combined with hemorrhagic shock.

Background: Tourniquet is the most widely used and effective first-aid equipment for controlling hemorrhage of injured limb in battlefield. However, time-out application of tourniquets leads to ischemic-necrosis of skeletal muscles and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Regional hypothermia (RH) on wounded limb can relieve the injury on local tissue and distant organs.

Finite element analysis vs experimental study of head firearm wound in pig.

To establish a finite element (FE) model of the pig head for simulating firearm wounds. An experimental study was carried out by measuring impact load parameters from 17 fresh pig heads that were shot at the right part of cranium by a standard 7.62 mm M43 bullet.

The effects of intra-abdominal hypertension on the secretory function of canine adrenal glands.

Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) can damage multiple organ systems, but the explicit impact on the adrenal gland is unclear. To evaluate the effects of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) on the secretory function of the adrenal glands, we established canine models of IAH. By comparing morphology; hemodynamics; plasma cortisol, aldosterone, epinephrine, and norepinephrine concentrations; and the expression of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α in adrenal gland tissue from these dogs, we found that hemodynamic instability occurred after IAH and that IAH increased the plasma cortisol, aldosterone, epinephrine, and norepinephrine concentrations.

Hemoconcentration caused by microvascular dysfunction after blast injuries to the chest and abdomen of rabbits.

Background: One of the important causes of death after blast injuries is reduced blood volume, which typically results from hemorrhage but may also result from nonhemorrhagic causes. Hemoconcentration is one such alternate cause of reduced blood volume, but its mechanism is unclear. Because blood is condensed after chest-abdomen blast injuries in rabbits, a series of experiments was conducted to clarify this phenomenon.

Cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector may take part in neuronal apoptosis of the lumbar spinal cord after sciatic nerve injury caused by a firearm.

Objective: To investigate neuronal apoptosis and gene regulation after peripheral nerve injury caused by a firearm.

Methods: A rabbit model of sciatic nerve injury caused by a firearm was used. Neuronal apoptosis was determined by using terminal transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling and flow cytometry.

Surgical treatment for rabbits' femoral arteries subjected to gunshot wounds combining with seawater immersion.

Objective: To investigate the surgical treatment methods and evaluate the outcome of gunshot wounds combining with seawater immersion in rabbits' femoral arteries.

Methods: One hundred healthy New Zealand white rabbits (either sex, 3.14 kg+/-0.

Pathological study of rabbits' femoral arteries subjected to gunshot wounds combining with seawater immersion.

Objective: To investigate pathological characteristics of gunshot wounds concomitant seawater immersion in rabbits' femoral arteries.

Methods: Thirty rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups: simple gunshot-wound group (Group I, n = 10), gunshot wound with seawater immersion for 30 mins (Group II, n = 10), and 60 mins group (Group III, n = 10). Femoral arteries were impacted by 0.

Identification of differentially expressed genes from spinal cord after firearm injury to rabbit sciatic nerves.

Objective: Peripheral nerve regeneration depends on gene regulation by central neurons. To search for more effective treatment methods to improve the regeneration of wounded peripheral nerves, gene expression profile of spinal cord after firearm injury to rabbit sciatic nerves are studied with DNA micro-array technique.

Methods: A total of 54 rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups: Groups d1, d3, d7 and normal control group.