Effect of Reaction Interface Structure on the Morphology and Performance of Thin-Film Composite Membrane.

Thin-film composite (TFC) membrane has been extensively utilized and investigated for its excellent properties. Herein, we have constructed an active layer (AL) containing cave-like structures utilizing large meniscus interface. Furthermore, the impact of interface structure on the growth process, morphology, and effective surface area of AL has been fully explored with the assistance of sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS).

Early Versus Delayed Antihypertensive Treatment After Acute Ischemic Stroke by Hypertension History.

Background: We performed a prespecified subgroup analysis of the CATIS-2 trial (China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke II) to compare the effect of early versus delayed antihypertensive treatment on death and disability in patients with and without medical history of hypertension.

Methods: CATIS-2 is a multicenter randomized clinical trial conducted in 106 hospitals in China. The trial randomized 4810 patients with acute ischemic stroke within 24 to 48 hours of symptom onset and elevated systolic blood pressure between 140 and <220 mm Hg to receive antihypertensive treatment immediately after randomization or to discontinue antihypertensive medications for 7 days and then receive treatment on day 8.

Biomimetic Extracellular Vesicles Containing Biominerals for Targeted Osteoporosis Therapy.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by decreased bone mineral density and a heightened risk of fractures. Therapies for OP have primarily focused on balancing bone formation and bone resorption, but enhancing the remineralization of osteoporotic bone is also a key strategy for effective repair. Recent insights into biomineralization mechanisms have highlighted the essential role of mineral-containing extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by osteoblasts in promoting bone marrow mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (BMSC) differentiation and initiating matrix mineralization.

Efficient and Rapid Enrichment of Extracellular Vesicles Using DNA Nanotechnology-Enabled Synthetic Nano-Glue.

Swift and efficient enrichment and isolation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial for enhancing precise disease diagnostics and therapeutic strategies, as well as elucidating the complex biological roles of EVs. Conventional methods of isolating EVs are often marred by lengthy and laborious processes. In this study, we introduce an innovative approach to enrich and isolate EVs by leveraging the capabilities of DNA nanotechnology.

Baseline fibroblast growth factor 23 predicts incident heart failure and cardiovascular mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease: A 3-year follow-up study.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a significant cause of death among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Emerging data suggest a crucial role of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in the pathogenesis of HF in CKD patients. The present study aimed to investigate whether the serum intact FGF23 (iFGF23) level is elevated when ejection fraction (EF) is preserved and to evaluate its predictive value for incident HF and cardiac mortality in CKD patients with preserved EF.

The whole-genome dissection of root system architecture provides new insights for the genetic improvement of alfalfa ( L.).

Appropriate root system architecture (RSA) can improve alfalfa yield, yet its genetic basis remains largely unexplored. This study evaluated six RSA traits in 171 alfalfa genotypes grown under controlled greenhouse conditions. We also analyzed five yield-related traits in normal and drought stress environments and found a significant correlation (0.

Intestinal epithelial cell NCoR deficiency ameliorates obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR1) interacts with various nuclear receptors and regulates the anabolism and catabolism of lipids. An imbalance in lipid/energy homeostasis is also an important factor in obesity and metabolic syndrome development. In this study, we found that the deletion of NCoR1 in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) mainly activated the nuclear receptor PPAR and attenuated metabolic syndrome by stimulating thermogenesis.

Respiratory delivered vaccines: Current status and perspectives in rational formulation design.

The respiratory tract is susceptible to various infections and can be affected by many serious diseases. Vaccination is one of the most promising ways that prevent infectious diseases and treatment of some diseases such as malignancy. Direct delivery of vaccines to the respiratory tract could mimic the natural process of infection and shorten the delivery path, therefore unique mucosal immunity at the first line might be induced and the efficiency of delivery can be high.

Nanoengineered mitochondria enable ocular mitochondrial disease therapy the replacement of dysfunctional mitochondria.

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is an ocular mitochondrial disease that involves the impairment of mitochondrial complex I, which is an important contributor to blindness among young adults across the globe. However, the disorder has no available cures, since the approved drug idebenone for LHON in Europe relies on bypassing complex I defects rather than fixing them. Herein, mRNA-loaded nanoparticle (mNP)-engineered mitochondria (mNP-Mito) were designed to replace dysfunctional mitochondria with the delivery of exogenous mitochondria, normalizing the function of complex I for treating LHON.

A microfluidic coculture model for mapping signaling perturbations and precise drug screening against macrophage-mediated dynamic myocardial injury.

Macrophage-mediated inflammation plays a pivotal role in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis. However, current cell-based models lack a comprehensive understanding of crosstalk between macrophages and cardiomyocytes, hindering the discovery of effective therapeutic interventions. Here, a microfluidic model has been developed to facilitate the coculture of macrophages and cardiomyocytes, allowing for mapping key signaling pathways and screening potential therapeutic agents against inflammation-induced dynamic myocardial injury.

Discovery of highly potent phosphodiesterase-1 inhibitors by a combined-structure free energy perturbation approach.

Accurate receptor/ligand binding free energy calculations can greatly accelerate drug discovery by identifying highly potent ligands. By simulating the change from one compound structure to another, the relative binding free energy (RBFE) change can be calculated based on the theoretically rigorous free energy perturbation (FEP) method. However, existing FEP-RBFE approaches may face convergence challenges due to difficulties in simulating non-physical intermediate states, which can lead to increased computational costs to obtain the converged results.

Serum Exosomes miR-122-5P Induces Hepatic and Renal Injury in Septic Rats by Regulating TAK1/SIRT1 Pathway.

Aim: Sepsis is a potentially fatal condition characterized by organ failure resulting from an abnormal host response to infection, often leading to liver and kidney damage. Timely recognition and intervention of these dysfunctions have the potential to significantly reduce sepsis mortality rates. Recent studies have emphasized the critical role of serum exosomes and their miRNA content in mediating sepsis-induced organ dysfunction.

Retraction: Yiqi Fumai lyophilized injection attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats by inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1039/C8RA07163B.].

Ancestral SARS-CoV-2 immune imprinting persists on RBD but not NTD after sequential Omicron infections.

Whether Omicron exposures could overcome ancestral SARS-CoV-2 immune imprinting remains controversial. Here we analyzed B cell responses evoked by sequential Omicron infections in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. Plasma neutralizing antibody titers against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and variants indicate that immune imprinting is not consistently induced by inactivated or recombinant protein vaccines.

Efficacy evaluation of prophylactic cranial irradiation for limited stage small‑cell lung cancer in the magnetic resonance imaging era: A meta‑analysis.

The role of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) remains controversial in the era of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PCI in the treatment of LS-SCLC in the era of MRI. The PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were searched from the time of database creation until May 24, 2023, to identify clinical studies that evaluated the effectiveness of PCI in patients with LS-SCLC in the MRI era.

Electron-Rich Heptacyclic S,N Heteroacene Enabling C-Shaped A-D-A-type Electron Acceptors With Photoelectric Response beyond 1000 Nm for Highly Sensitive Near-Infrared Photodetectors.

A highly electron-rich S,N heteroacene building block is developed and condensed with FIC and Cl-IC acceptors to furnish CT-F and CT-Cl, which exhibit near-infrared (NIR) absorption beyond 1000 nm. The C-shaped CT-F and CT-Cl self-assemble into a highly ordered 3D intermolecular packing network via multiple π-π interactions in the single crystal structures. The CT-F-based organic photovoltaic (OPV) achieved an impressive efficiency of 14.

Self-driven micromotors loaded with photosensitive adhesives and their application in dentin sensitivity.

Dentin hypersensitivity is primarily caused by the exposure of dentinal tubules due to various factors, so the key to treatment is to effectively seal these exposed tubules. However, traditional dentinal tubule sealants used in clinical practice often fail to adhere securely to the tubule surface when exposed to external stimuli, resulting in a recurrence of sensitivity. In this study, we developed a silicon micromotor that moved autonomously and loaded with silver nanoparticles and a photosensitive adhesive for dentin sensitivity therapy.

Fluoride binding-modulated supramolecular chirality of urea-containing triarylamine and its photo-manifestation.

In recent years, the regulation of anion-mediated chiral assemblies has gained significant interest. This study investigated the modulation of supramolecular chiroptical signals and chiral assembled structures in a triarylamine system containing a urea moiety through fluoride ion-urea bond interactions, aiming to understand the chiral sense amplification in supramolecular assemblies. Chiral triarylamine derivatives containing urea or amide units were synthesized and the self-assemblies were examined in the absence and presence of fluoride ions.

Interstitial Doping in Ultrafine Nanocrystals for Efficient and Durable Water Splitting.

Transition metal-based catalysts with high efficiency and stability for overall water splitting (OWS) offer significant potential for reducing green hydrogen production costs. Utilizing sputtering deposition technology, we propose a deposition-diffusion strategy to fabricate heterojunction coatings composed of ultrafine FeCoNi-C-N transition metal interstitial solid solution (TMISS) nanocrystals and amorphous nitrided carbon (NC) on the pre-deposited NC micro column arrays. The diffusion of C and N atoms results in the formation of uniformly distributed TMISS nanocrystals, with an average diameter of ~1.

3D Femtosecond Laser Beam Deflection for High-Precision Fabrication and Modulation of Individual Voxelated PCM Meta-Atoms.

Optical metasurfaces have found widespread applications in the field of optoelectronic devices. However, achieving dynamic and flexible control over metasurface functionalities, while also developing simplified fabrication methods for metasurfaces, continues to pose a significant challenge. Here, the study introduces a PCM-only metasurface that exclusively consists of voxel units crafted from different phases of phase-change materials.

[Research on the life stress and hypertension among young couples of childbearing age].

To investigate the current status of life stress and hypertension among couples of childbearing age across diverse economic regions in China, and to explore relevant influencing factors. This study was a cross-sectional study, with subjects from the "Research on the standardized system of comprehensive prevention and control of birth defects based on preconception-prenatal-postnatal whole chain". From February to May 2021, urban and rural couples of childbearing age (18-49 years old) from Beijing, Henan, and Gansu provinces were enrolled, representing the eastern, central, and western regions of China, respectively.

[Anticoagulation effects of nafamostat mesylate in sustained low-efficiency dialysis and its relevant factors].

To investigate anticoagulation effects of nafamostat mesylate(NM) in sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED) and its relevant factors. Critically ill patients with kidney disease who were admitted to Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University and underwent SLED treatment from May to August 2024 were retrospectively included. Baseline clinical data were collected, and the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and activated clotting time (ACT) were measured at the arterial end, before the filter, and at the venous end two hours post-NM anticoagulation treatment.

Amorphous Ni(OH) Coated Cu Dendrites with Superaerophobic Interface for Bipolar Hydrogen Production Assisted with Formaldehyde Oxidation.

Since formaldehyde oxidation reaction (FOR) can release H, it is attractive to construct a bipolar hydrogen production system consisting of FOR and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Although copper-based catalysts have attracted much attention due to their low cost and high FOR activity, the performance enhancement mechanism lacks in-depth investigation. Here, an amorphous-crystalline catalyst of amorphous nickel hydroxide-coated copper dendrites on copper foam (Cu@Ni(OH)/CF) is prepared.

E203K mutation in MAP2K1 (MEK1) causes acquired resistance to PD-1 blockade but responds to trametinib: a case report.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) is characterized by higher lymphocytic infiltration, which predicts sensitivity to immunotherapy. However, there are few studies investigating the mechanisms of acquired resistance to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade and its subsequent treatment strategies for EBVaGC.

Case Description: We describe the case of a patient with EBVaGC who was initially treated with first-line chemotherapy plus Sintilimab, a fully humanized anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody, resulting in a near-complete response.

Tumor-Resident Intracellular Bacteria Scavenger Activated In Situ Vaccines for Potent Cancer Photoimmunotherapy.

In situ tumor vaccines, which utilize antigens generated during tumor treatment to stimulate a cancer patient's immune system, has become a potential field in cancer immunotherapy. However, due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITME), the generation of tumor antigens is always mild and not sufficient. Tumor-resident intracellular bacteria have been identified as a complete tumor microenvironment component to contribute to creating ITME.