CNN-based diagnosis model of children's bladder compliance using a single intravesical pressure signal.

Bladder compliance assessment is crucial for diagnosing bladder functional disorders, with urodynamic study (UDS) being the principal evaluation method. However, the application of UDS is intricate and time-consuming in children. So it'S necessary to develop an efficient bladder compliance screen approach before UDS.

Comparative survey among paediatricians, nurses and health information technicians on ethics implementation knowledge of and attitude towards social experiments based on medical artificial intelligence at children's hospitals in Shanghai: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Implementing ethics is crucial to prevent harm and promote widespread benefits in social experiments based on medical artificial intelligence (MAI). However, insufficient information is available concerning this within the paediatric healthcare sector. We aimed to conduct a comparative survey among paediatricians, nurses and health information technicians regarding ethics implementation knowledge of and attitude towards MAI social experiments at children's hospitals in Shanghai.

Development, Reliability, and Structural Validity of the Scale for Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice in Ethics Implementation Among AI Researchers: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Medical artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly contributed to decision support for disease screening, diagnosis, and management. With the growing number of medical AI developments and applications, incorporating ethics is considered essential to avoiding harm and ensuring broad benefits in the lifecycle of medical AI. One of the premises for effectively implementing ethics in Medical AI research necessitates researchers' comprehensive knowledge, enthusiastic attitude, and practical experience.

The clinical and imaging features of eosinophilic cystitis in children: a case series study.

Background: Eosinophilic cystitis (EC) is rare in children and remains poorly understood. Our aim was to analyse the clinical and imaging features of eosinophilic cystitis in children.

Methods: A retrospective review of histologically confirmed eosinophilic cystitis between January 2008 and December 2022 was performed, including patient age, sex, symptoms, laboratory examination, radiology, treatment and outcome.

Description of the medical services provided to children in Shanghai: a cross-sectional study of the characteristics and disparities of hospitals of different levels and types.

Background: The development of the pediatric care system is uneven in China. Limited research has been conducted on pediatric care in Shanghai, which is a well-developed region in China, in which the National Children's Medical Centers are located.

Methods: In November 2021, under the commission of the Shanghai Center for Medical Quality Control, a city-wide questionnaire designed to examine the provision of medical services to children in Shanghai in 2020 was conducted at 86 hospitals providing pediatric care.

Risk factors and machine learning prediction models for bronchopulmonary dysplasia severity in the Chinese population.

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common chronic lung disease in extremely preterm neonates. The outcome and clinical burden vary dramatically according to severity. Although some prediction tools for BPD exist, they seldom pay attention to disease severity and are based on populations in developed countries.

Intrauterine neuromuscular and stromal dysplasia of the bladder in retinoic acid-induced myelomeningocele fetal rats.

Objectives: To observe the changes in the bladder of fetal rats with myelomeningocele (MMC) induced by all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) during the embryonic development stages.

Methods: The fetal rat model of MMC was induced by intragastric administration of atRA to pregnant rats on embryonic day 10 (E10). Fetal rats were harvested at E16, E18, E20, and E21 for observation and further testing.

Case Report: Neonatal Urinary Ascites Without Hydronephrosis: A Rare Case of Anterior Urethral Valve and Diverticulum in Preterm Newborn.

The deformation of congenital obstruction of the anterior urethra is rare in male infants. The anterior urethral valve (AUV) and diverticulum are not common causes of distal urethral obstruction, which may be significant but difficult to diagnose in time. We describe a premature infant who was diagnosed with AUV as part of a diverticulum in the anterior urethra and was presented as massive urinary ascites without hydroureters and hydronephrosis.

-Methyladenosine Methylomic Landscape of Ureteral Deficiency in Reflux Uropathy and Obstructive Uropathy.

Background: Congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tracts (CAKUT) represent the most prevalent cause for renal failure in children. The RNA epigenetic modification -methyladenosine (mA) methylation modulates gene expression and function post-transcriptionally, which has recently been revealed to be critical in organ development. However, it is uncertain whether mA methylation plays a role in the pathogenesis of CAKUT.

Value of sufficient clean intermittent catheterization in urinary tract infection and upper urinary tract protection in children with neurogenic bladder.

Introduction: Clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) is a mainstay in the management of neurogenic bladder.

Objective: To assess the effect of CIC on urinary tract infection and upper renal tract function in pediatric patients with neurogenic bladder, and the influence of duration of CIC on these variables.

Study Design: A retrospective study was performed in 67 pediatric patients with neurogenic bladder who started CIC between 2014 and 2019 at our institution.

Design of a rapid diagnostic model for bladder compliance based on real-time intravesical pressure monitoring system.

Objective: The diagnosis of bladder dysfunction for children depends on the confirmation of abnormal bladder shape and bladder compliance. The existing gold standard needs to conduct voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) examination and urodynamic studies (UDS) examination on patients separately. To reduce the time and injury of children's inspection, we propose a novel method to judge the bladder compliance by measuring the intravesical pressure during the VCUG examination without extra UDS.

Cryptorchid testicular torsion in children: characteristics and treatment outcomes.

This study aimed to review and compare the characteristics and treatment outcomes of cryptorchid testicular torsion in pre- and postpubertal children. We reviewed the clinical data of 22 patients with testicular torsion complicated by cryptorchidism who were treated between January 2010 and December 2019. Patients were categorized into prepubertal (1 month to 9 years; n = 12) and postpubertal groups (10-16 years; n = 10).

Outcomes of laparoscopic continent catheterizable conduit procedures in children with neurogenic bladder: An 8-year experience in a single center.

Background: The continent catheterizeable conduit (CCC) procedure plays an important role in the treatment of children with neurogenic bladder. Laparoscopic procedures offer significant benefits; however, the potential complications should not be ignored.

Objective: By comparing the complications of CCC in laparoscopic and open neurogenic bladder operations in our center, we aimed to explore the advantages of laparoscopic CCC construction in children.

Posterior Urethral Valves with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: Perspective on Urodynamics.

Background: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTs) are common in young boys with posterior urethral valves (PUVs). It is crucial to investigate the characteristics of PUV patients with and without LUTs after valve ablation.

Methods: Between January 2017 and December 2019, PUV patients visited Children's Hospital, Fudan University for following up were enrolled.

Regulation of epidermal differentiation through KDF1-mediated deubiquitination of IKKα.

Progenitor cells at the basal layer of skin epidermis play an essential role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and enhancing wound repair in skin. The proliferation, differentiation, and cell death of epidermal progenitor cells have to be delicately regulated, as deregulation of this process can lead to many skin diseases, including skin cancers. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in skin homeostasis remain poorly defined.

Age- and gender-specific trends in respiratory outpatient visits and diagnoses at a tertiary pediatric hospital in China: a 10-year retrospective study.

Background: Respiratory infections are one of three leading causes of childhood mortality, and worldwide increase and recent plateau in childhood asthma has been reported. However, data on trends of respiratory diseases over long period of time is limited. This study aimed to determine the trends of respiratory disease outpatient visits (ROVs) and diagnoses (RODs) in one of the largest children's teaching hospitals in China between 2009 and 2018.

Controlling Shape and Plasmon Resonance of Pt-Etched Au@Ag Nanorods.

Pt-based catalysts with novel structure have attracted great attention due to their outstanding performance. In this work, HPtCl was used as both precursor and etching agent to realize the shape-controlled synthesis of Pt-modified Au@Ag nanorods (NRs). During the synthesis, the as-prepared Ag shell played a crucial role in both protecting the Au NRs from being etched away by PtCl and leading to an unusual growth mode of Pt component.

repair of fetal rat myelomeningocele affects neuromuscular development in the bladder.

Fetal repair of myelomeningocele (MMC) has been proven to be beneficial for the central nervous system development; however, the effect of fetal MMC repair on bladder function remains controversial. The objective of the present study was to establish an early timepoint for MMC repair using a rat model, and to investigate the changes in bladder development subsequent to that intervention. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into the MMC, MMC repair and control groups.

Epidemiologic study of 230 cases of testicular/paratesticular tumors or masses: 15-year experience of a single center.

Purpose: This study retrospectively investigated the cases of testicular tumors/masses treated in our center from 2002 to 2017 and analyzed their epidemiologic features.

Methods: Data were collected by searching our center's database using "testicular tumor" or "testicular mass" as keywords. Patients not operated in our hospital were excluded.

Highly Stabilized Core-Satellite Gold Nanoassemblies in Vivo: DNA-Directed Self-Assembly, PEG Modification and Cell Imaging.

Au nanoparticles (NPs) have important applications in bioimaging, clinical diagnosis and even therapy due to its water-solubility, easy modification and drug-loaded capability, however, easy aggregation of Au NPs in normal saline and serum greatly limits its applications. In this work, highly stabilized core-satellite Au nanoassemblies (CSAuNAs) were constructed by a hierarchical DNA-directed self-assembly strategy, in which satellite Au NPs number could be effectively tuned through varying the ratios of core-AuNPs-ssDNA and satellite-AuNPs-ssDNAc. It was especially interesting that PEG-functionalized CSAuNAs (PEG-CSAuNAs) could not only bear saline solution but also resist the enzymatic degradation in fetal calf serum.

Hydrosoluble 50% N-acetylation-thiolated chitosan complex with cobalt as a pH-responsive renal fibrosis targeting drugs.

About 50% N-acetylation-thiolated chitosan possessing good water solubility was modified from commercial low-molecular-weight chitosan. Chitosan performed obvious target toward renal tubular epithelial cells, and bivalent cobalt ions improved the renal fibrosis inflammation significantly. There were many complexation sites on chitosan after being modified with sulfydryl.

Mycophenolate mofetil inhibits macrophage infiltration and kidney fibrosis in long-term ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Immunosuppressants have been widely used in renal transplantation, in which ischemia-reperfusion injury is inevitable. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a relative novel immunosuppressant and also attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury in the acute phase, but its long-term effects are still obscure. Unilateral renal ischemia-reperfusion injury model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats and 30 mg/kg/day MMF or natural saline was administered a day before the surgery.

[Surgical correction of penoscrotal transposition with hypospadias: experience with 83 cases].

Objective: To investigate the techniques of surgical correction of penoscrotal transposition with hypospadias.

Methods: We retrospectively studied 83 cases of penoscrotal transposition with hypospadias treated by surgery from January 2003 to June 2009, and analyzed the surgical techniques and follow-up results.

Results: The patients underwent urethroplasty with simultaneous or staged surgical correction of penoscrotal transposition.