Smart Biomimetic Nanozymes for Precise Molecular Imaging: Application and Challenges.

New nanotechnologies for imaging molecules are widely being applied to visualize the expression of specific molecules (e.g., ions, biomarkers) for disease diagnosis.

GPX4 deficiency-dependent phospholipid peroxidation drives motor deficits of ALS.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by oxidative stress that triggers motor neurons loss in the brain and spinal cord. However, the mechanisms underlying the exact role of oxidative stress in ALS-associated neural degeneration are not definitively established. Oxidative stress-generated phospholipid peroxides are known to have extensive physiological and pathological consequences to tissues.

Comparison of percentage changes in quantitative diffusion parameters for assessing pathological complete response to neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of percentage changes in apparent diffusion coefficient (∆ADC%) and slow diffusion coefficient (∆D%) for assessing pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).

Methods: A systematic search in PubMed, EMBASE, the Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was performed to retrieve related original studies. For each parameter (∆ADC% and ∆D%), we pooled the sensitivity, specificity and calculated the area under summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) values.

DTI-based radiomics signature for the detection of early diabetic kidney damage.

Objective: To explore whether a radiomics signature based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can detect early kidney damage in diabetic patients.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight healthy volunteers (group A) and thirty type 2 diabetic patients (group B) with micro-normoalbuminuria, a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) < 30 mg/g and an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 60-120 mL/(min 1.73 m) were recruited.

CT-based machine learning model to predict the Fuhrman nuclear grade of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To predict the Fuhrman grade of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) with a machine learning classifier based on single- or three-phase computed tomography (CT) images.

Materials And Methods: Patients with pathologically proven ccRCC from February 1, 2009 to September 31, 2018 who were not treated were retrospectively collected for machine learning-based analysis. The texture features were extracted and ranked from precontrast phase (PCP), corticomedullary phase (CMP), nephrographic phase (NP) and three-phase CT images, and open-source gradient boosting from the decision tree library of CatBoost was used to establish a machine learning classifier to differentiate low- from high-grade ccRCC.

Clinical simulation training improves the clinical performance of Chinese medical students.

Background: Modern medical education promotes medical students' clinical operating capacity rather than the mastery of theoretical knowledge. To accomplish this objective, clinical skill training using various simulations was introduced into medical education to cultivate creativity and develop the practical ability of students. However, quantitative analysis of the efficiency of clinical skill training with simulations is lacking.

Role of the texture features of images in the diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules in different sizes.

Objective: To explore the role of the texture features of images in the diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) in different sizes.

Materials And Methods: A total of 379 patients with pathologically confirmed SPNs were enrolled in this study. They were divided into three groups based on the SPN sizes: ≤10, 11-20, and >20 mm.

Size of solitary pulmonary nodule was the risk factor of malignancy.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of the sizes of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) in predicting their potential malignancies.

Methods: A total of 379 patients with pathologically confirmed SPNs were enrolled in this study. They were divided into three groups based on the SPN sizes: ≤10, 11-20, and >20 mm.

Enhancing microRNA transfection to inhibit survivin gene expression and induce apoptosis: could it be mediated by a novel combination of sonoporation and polyethylenimine?

Apoptosis is a physiologically essential mechanism of cell and plays an important role in reducing the development and progression of tumors. The appealing strategy for cancer therapy is to target the lesions that induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Survivin, the smallest member of the mammalian inhibitors of the apoptosis protein family, is upregulated in various malignancies to protect cells from apoptosis.

Ultrasound- and liposome microbubble-mediated targeted gene transfer to cardiomyocytes in vivo accompanied by polyethylenimine.

Objectives: Gene transfer to cardiomyocytes in vivo has received much research attention in the last decade but remains a substantial hurdle. Gene transfer using ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction is a promising tool for gene therapy. Little data have shown the feasibility and optimization of this method for primary myocardial disease.

[Controlled study on needle-pricking therapy combined with spinal massage for treatment of ankylosing spondylitis].

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of needle-pricking therapy combined with spinal massage on ankylosing spondylitis and to probe into the mechanism.

Methods: Ninety-three cases who were definitely diagnosed as having ankylosing spondylitis at active stage were randomly divided into a medication group (n=46) and an observation group (n=47). The observation group were treated by needle-pricking the main points, Neck No.