Rapid, sensitive, and visual detection of pseudorabies virus with an RPA-CRISPR/EsCas13d-based dual-readout portable platform.

Pseudorabies viruses (PRV) pose a major threat to the global pig industry and public health. Rapid, intuitive, affordable, and accurate diagnostic testing is critical for controlling and eradicating infectious diseases. In this study, a portable detection platform based on RPA-CRISPR/EsCas13d was developed.

Rapid, sensitive, and visual detection of swine Japanese encephalitis virus with a one-pot RPA-CRISPR/EsCas13d-based dual readout portable platform.

Japanese encephalitis (JE), a mosquito-borne zoonotic disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), poses a serious threat to global public health. The low viremia levels typical in JEV infections make RNA detection challenging, necessitating early and rapid diagnostic methods for effective control and prevention. This study introduces a novel one-pot detection method that combines recombinant enzyme polymerase isothermal amplification (RPA) with CRISPR/EsCas13d targeting, providing visual fluorescence and lateral flow assay (LFA) results.

Establishment and application of an indirect ELISA for Getah virus E2 antibody detection.

Getah virus (GETV) is a mosquito-transmitted disease that affects animals, causing fever, aseptic meningitis, and abortion. Its prevalence in China poses risks to both animal health and public well-being. Currently, there is a scarcity of seroepidemiological data on GETV due to the absence of commercial antibody detection kits for pigs.

Mfn2 is responsible for inhibition of the RIG-I/IRF7 pathway and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in Seneca Valley virus-infected PK-15 cells to promote viral replication.

Seneca Valley virus (SVV), a non-enveloped positive single-stranded virus can cause vesicular disease in swine. However, the mechanisms by which SVV activates an innate immune response remain unknown. Mitofusin-2 (MFN2), a mitochondria-shaping protein regulating mitochondrial fusion and fission, plays a crucial role in innate immune responses.

A novel targeted GPC3/CD3 bispecific antibody for the treatment hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary liver cancer but has shown limited success to date in the treatment of advanced stage. Recruitment of T cells for cancer treatment is a rapidly growing strategy in immunotherapy such as chimeric antigen receptor T cells and bispecific antibodies. However, unwanted aggregations, structural instability or short serum half-life are major challenges of bispecific antibodies.

Transgenic expression of human cytoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen4-immunoglobulin (hCTLA4Ig) by porcine skin for xenogeneic skin grafting.

Porcine skin is frequently used as a substitute of human skin to cover large wounds in clinic practice of wound care. In our previous work, we found that transgenic expression of human cytoxicT-lymphocyte associated antigen4-immunoglobulin (hCTLA4Ig) in murine skin graft remarkably prolonged its survival in xenogeneic wounds without extensive immunosuppression in recipients, suggesting that transgenic hCTLA4Ig expression in skin graft may be an effective and safe method to prolong xenogeneic skin graft survival. In this work, using a transgene construct containing hCTLA4Ig coding sequence under the drive of human Keratine 14 (k14) promoter, hCTLA4Ig transgenic pigs were generated by somatic nuclear transfer.

Transgenic expression of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4-immunoglobulin prolongs xenogeneic skin graft survival without extensive immunosuppression in rat burn wounds.

Background: We sought to establish a transgenic animal line skin-specifically overexpressing cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4-immunoglobulin (CTLA4Ig) as a reproducible source of xenogeneic skin grafts with extended survival for wound coverage. We tested this strategy in mice based on a previously established transgenic mouse line that stably and skin-specifically expresses CTLA4Ig for lifetimes and generations.

Methods: CTLA4Ig expression was examined by immunohistochemical assay, and its bio-activity was tested by mixed lymphocyte reaction.

Stable skin-specific overexpression of human CTLA4-Ig in transgenic mice through seven generations.

Skin graft rejection is a typical cellular immune response, mainly mediated by T cells. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4-immunoglobin (CTLA4-Ig) extends graft survival by blocking the T cell co-stimulation pathway and inhibiting T cell activation. To investigate the efficacy of CTLA4-Ig in prolonging skin graft survival, human CTLA4-Ig (hCTLA4-Ig) was engineered to overexpress in mouse skin by transgenesis using the K14 promoter.