Publications by authors named "Liang-Yan Xiao"
Article Synopsis
- - Oxabornyl polyenes are a special type of polyketide found in fungi, featuring a distinct polyene core and diverse oxygen-containing rings, with known biological activities but complex configurations.
- - The study isolated three specific oxabornyl polyenes (prugosenes A1-A3) from a fungal strain and used ozonolysis and ECD calculations to determine their absolute configurations, which were previously unassigned.
- - The prugosenes showed strong antiviral effects against the respiratory syncytial virus, with a notable effectiveness of 6.3 μM for one of the compounds, contributing to a better understanding of these compounds and their potential uses.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers discovered five new compounds from a rare group of natural products found in fungi, specifically analogues named simpliketals A-D and simplilactones A and B, along with five known compounds.
- They used advanced methods like NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction to define the structures of these compounds and proposed a new biosynthetic pathway for their formation, differing from previously assumed methods.
- Cytotoxicity tests revealed that the newly discovered compounds exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory activity against specific cancer cell lines, with simpliketals showing weak to moderate effects.
Characterization of a new fusicoccane-type diterpene synthase and an associated P450 enzyme.
Beilstein J Org Chem
October 2022
Article Synopsis
- Fusicoccane-type terpenoids are a specialized group of diterpenoids known for their unique 5-8-5 ring structure and various biological activities, but only five synthesizing enzymes are currently identified.
- A new biosynthetic gene cluster from the strain ATCC 26942 has been discovered, which includes a novel fusicoccane-type diterpene synthase gene, naming it TadA.
- Experiments show that TadA creates a new compound, talaro-7,13-diene, using a different cyclization process, while another enzyme, TadB, oxidizes this compound into talaro-6,13-dien-5,8-dione.
Article Synopsis
- Melatonin shows promise in reducing diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) by improving mitochondrial quality control, though the exact mechanisms need further exploration.
- In a study using diabetic rats, prolonged melatonin treatment increased SIRT6 and AMPK-PGC-1α-AKT signaling, leading to reduced mitochondrial damage and better heart function.
- Blocking SIRT6 or melatonin receptors negated the benefits of melatonin, indicating that the SIRT6-AMPK-PGC-1α-AKT pathway is crucial for its cardioprotective effects in the context of diabetes.
Article Synopsis
- ALK-tRCC is a recently identified rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma that has been added to the World Health Organization's classification as an emerging category in 2016.* -
- A case study presented a 58-year-old Chinese man with a kidney tumor characterized by large cells, distinct vacuoles, and significant nuclear enlargement; the tumor showed positive markers indicating epithelial features.* -
- Diagnosing ALK-tRCC can be challenging due to its diverse histological characteristics, and it's recommended to conduct screening for ALK expression as it may allow patients to benefit from targeted ALK inhibitor therapies.*
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to examine the nephrotoxic effects of tacrolimus (FK506) and how diltiazem (Dil) might help prevent these adverse effects in rats.
- The research involved 24 male rats divided into four groups: a cyclosporine A (CsA) group, an FK506 group, an FK506 plus Dil group, and a control group, with various treatments over four weeks.
- Results showed that the CsA group had significantly lower body and kidney weights, while the FK506 and CsA groups had higher serum creatinine levels and lower creatinine clearance rates compared to the FK506 + Dil and control groups, indicating that diltiazem may provide protective effects against FK506
[Prevention of diltiazem in tacrolimus-induced nephrotoxicity: experiment with rats].
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
August 2007
Article Synopsis
- - The study aimed to analyze the kidney damage caused by the first oral administration of tacrolimus (FK506) and the potential protective effects of diltiazem (Dil) in male rats.
- - Four groups of rats were observed after being given different treatments, with results indicating that FK506 and cyclosporine A (CsA) caused kidney impairment while the FK506 + Dil group showed improvements resembling the control group.
- - Histopathological findings revealed significant structural changes in the kidneys of rats treated with FK506 and CsA, whereas those in the FK506 + Dil group exhibited lesser damage, suggesting Dil might help reduce nephrotoxicity from FK506.