Subvacuum environment-enhanced cell migration promotes wound healing without increasing hypertrophic scars caused by excessive cell proliferation.

Cell migration and proliferation are conducive to wound healing; however, regulating cell proliferation remains challenging, and excessive proliferation is an important cause of scar hyperplasia. Here, we aimed to explore how a subvacuum environment promotes wound epithelisation without affecting scar hyperplasia. Human immortalized keratinocyte cells and human skin fibroblasts were cultured under subvacuum conditions (1/10 atmospheric pressure), and changes in cell proliferation and migration, target protein content, calcium influx, and cytoskeleton and membrane fluidity were observed.

[Accumulation Effects and Health Risks of Heavy Metals in Rice in Location-based Cadmium Anomaly Area in Liuzhou].

In order to explore the migration and transformation characteristics of soil heavy metals in rice in an area of ground source cadmium anomaly and to evaluate the safe planting of rice, a total of 91 pairs of soil and rice samples were collected from paddy fields in the typical area of Liuzhou city, Guangxi province, and the contents of heavy metals such as Cd, soil pH, and organic matter were tested. The results showed that:① Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn in the paddy field exceeded the background values of 92.31%, 34.

High Glucose Activated Cardiac Fibroblasts by a Disruption of Mitochondria-Associated Membranes.

Cardiac fibrosis is evident even in the situation without a significant cardiomyocyte loss in diabetic cardiomyopathy and a high glucose (HG) level independently activates the cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and promotes cell proliferation. Mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis, which are key for cell proliferation and the mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), are critically involved in this process. However, the roles and the underlying mechanism of MAMs in the proliferation of HG-induced CFs are largely unknown.

Mechanical modeling of pimple growth.

Pimple is one of the most common skin diseases for humans, whose growth cause pain yet the corresponding mechanical analysis is lacking. A finite element model is developed to quantify the deformation field with the expansion of follicle, and then the mechanical stimulus is related to the sensation of pain during the development of pimple. Parametric studies show the dependence of mechanical stimulus and pain level on the pimple-surrounded structures, follicle depth and mechanical properties of the epidermis.

Adenoma miss rate determined by very shortly repeated colonoscopy: Retrospective analysis of data from a single tertiary medical center in China.

Adenoma miss rate (AMR) has been calculated in several tandem colonoscopy studies, but it costs overmuch to carry out a clinical trial.We aimed to put forward AMR by taking advantage of retrospective data, and to judge the comparability between AMRs from prospective and retrospective data.Data of the patients accepting repeated colonoscopies during January to September 2016 was retrospectively collected and analyzed.

Identification and characterization of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases responsible for xanthotoxol glucuronidation.

1. Xanthotoxol is a furanocoumarin that possesses many pharmacological activities and in this study its in vitro glucuronidation was studied. 2.

The inhibition of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) by vitamin A.

1. The exposed level of vitamin A in plasma might be exceeded due to the both inadvertent and clinical utilization. The adverse effects of vitamin A have been frequently reported, however, the mechanism remains unclear.

Microscope-assisted endoscopic interlaminar ligation of spinal arteriovenous fistulas: technical note.

Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) are the most common type of spinal arteriovenous malformations, and microsurgical ligation is the treatment modality most frequently used for these lesions. Developments in endoscopic techniques have made endoscopy an even less invasive alternative to routine microsurgical approaches in spine surgery, but endoscopic management of SDAVF or other intradural spinal lesions has not been reported to date. The authors describe the use of a microscope-assisted endoscopic interlaminar approach for the ligation of the proximal draining vein of an L-1 SDAVF in a 58-year-old man.

A population-based study on health-related quality of life among urban community residents in Shenyang, Northeast of China.

Background: Due to the rising standard of living environment and advances in public health and medical care in China, it has been a tendency in recent years that health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has been increasingly acknowledged in community health management. However, large-scale population-based study on evaluating HQRoL in northeast of China was not conducted. This article aims to investigate the HRQoL in community residents in Northeast China and explore the associated factors.

Minimally invasive removal of lumbar intradural extramedullary lesions using the interlaminar approach.

OBJECT Posterior midline laminectomy or hemilaminectomy has been successfully applied as the standard microsurgical technique for the treatment of spinal intradural pathologies. However, the associated risks of postoperative spinal instability increase the need for subsequent fusion surgery to prevent potential long-term spinal deformity. Continuous efforts have been made to minimize injuries to the surrounding tissue resulting from surgical manipulations.

Comparison of two dose-response relationship of noise exposure evaluation results with high frequency hearing loss.

Background: Complex noise and its relation to hearing loss are difficult to measure and evaluate. In complex noise measurement, individual exposure results may not accurately represent lifetime noise exposure. Thus, the mean L Aeq,8 h values of individuals in the same workgroup were also used to represent L Aeq,8 h in our study.

Identification and characterization of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases responsible for the glucuronidation of fraxetin.

Fraxetin, a major constituent of the traditional medicine plant Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance (Oleaceae), has been found to possess multiple bioactivities. However, the metabolic pathway(s) of fraxetin in human tissues has not been reported yet. This study aimed to characterize the glucuronidation pathway(s) of fraxetin in human tissues.

Inhibitory effects of sanguinarine on human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes.

Sanguinarine (SAG) has been recognized as an anticancer drug candidate. However, the drug-drug interactions (DDI) potential for SAG via the inhibition against human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes remains unclear. In the present study, the inhibitory effects of SAG on seven major human CYP isoforms 1A2, 2A6, 2E1, 2D6, 2C8, 2C9 and 3A4 were investigated with human liver microsomes (HLM).

Glucuronidation of the broad-spectrum antiviral drug arbidol by UGT isoforms.

Objectives: The aim of this work was to identify the uridine glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms involved in the metabolism of the broad-spectrum antiviral drug arbidol.

Methods: A human liver microsome (HLM) incubation system was employed to catalyse the formation of arbidol glucuronide. The glucuronidation activity of commercially recombinant UGT isoforms towards arbidol was screened.

Identification of CYP isoforms involved in the metabolism of thymol and carvacrol in human liver microsomes (HLMs).

Carvacrol and thymol are phenolic compounds with similar structures isolated from many aromatic plants, and have been demonstrated to exert multiple pharmacological effects. The metabolic and pharmacokinetic behaviour of thymol and carvacrol has received much attention. Carvacrol and thymol have been demonstrated to undergo phase I metabolism such as hydroxylation reaction.

The role of serum albumin in the metabolism of Boc5: molecular identification, species differences and contribution to plasma metabolism.

Boc5, the first nonpeptidic agonist of Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor, has been recognized as a potential candidate for treatment of diabetes. However, the metabolic behaviors of this novel molecule in both human and experimental animals remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the metabolic behaviors of Boc5 in biological preparations from human, pig and rat.

Deep understanding of the interaction between thienorphine and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms.

Thienorphine has been demonstrated to be a potent, long-acting partial opioid agonist. It is being developed as a good candidate to treat opioid dependence. The thienorphine's glucuronide was detected after thienorphine was incubated with human liver microsomes (HLMs).

Identification of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase isoforms involved in hepatic and intestinal glucuronidation of phytochemical carvacrol.

1. Carvacrol (2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-phenol), one of the main components occurring in many essential oils of the family Labiatae, has been widely used in food, spice and pharmaceutical industries. 2.

Noise exposure assessment with task-based measurement in complex noise environment.

Background: Task-based measurement (TBM) is a method to assess the eight-hour A-weighted equivalent noise exposure level (L(Aeq.8h)) besides dosimeter. TBM can be better used in factories by non-professional workers and staffs.

Reversible inhibition of four important human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes by diethylstilbestrol.

Diethylstilbestrol (DES), a synthetic estrogen clinically used to treat threatened abortion between the 1940s and the 1970s, has been restricted to treat certain cases of prostatic and breast cancer due to its adverse drug responses such as teratogenicity and carcinogenicity. Some reports have demonstrated that the addition of DES to docetaxel could modify tubulin composition and improve response of prostate cancer to chemotherapy. Given that DES might be co-administered with other drugs such as docetaxel, the present study focused on CYP-based drug-drug interaction (DDI).

Inhibitory potential of chlormadinone acetate (CMA) on five important UDP-glucuronosyltransferases in human liver.

Chlormadinone acetate (CMA), a derivative of 17-a-hydroxyprogesterone, has been widely used as an orally effective progestogen in hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Glucuronidation catalyzed by UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) is one of the major steps responsible for the metabolism of many drugs, environmental chemicals and endogenous compounds. Pharmacokinetic behaviours of drugs could be altered by inhibition of these UGT isoforms, and the search for drugs that potentially inhibit these UGT isoforms is very significant from a clinical point of view.

Investigation of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) inhibitory properties of carvacrol.

UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), the most important phase II drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs), could metabolize many drugs and various endogenous substances including bilirubin, steroid hormones, thyroid hormones, bile acids and fat-soluble vitamins. Evaluation of the inhibitory effects of compounds on UGTs is clinically important because inhibition of UGT isoforms could not only result in serious drug-drug interactions (DDIs), but also induce metabolic disorders of endogenous substances. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of carvacrol on major UGT isoforms.

Substrate-dependent modulation of the catalytic activity of CYP3A by erlotinib.

Aim: To ascertain the effects of erlotinib on CYP3A, to investigate the amplitude and kinetics of erlotinib-mediated inhibition of seven major CYP isoforms in human liver microsomes (HLMs) for evaluating the magnitude of erlotinib in drug-drug interaction in vivo.

Methods: The activities of 7 major CYP isoforms (CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP3A, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP2C8, and CYP2E1) were assessed in HLMs using HPLC or UFLC analysis. A two-step incubation method was used to examine the time-dependent inhibition of erlotinib on CYP3A.

Reversible inhibition of three important human liver cytochrome p450 enzymes by tiliroside.

Tiliroside, an active flavonoid extensively found in many medicinal plants including Helichrysum italicum, Geranium mexicanum and Helianthemum glomeratum, has been demonstrated to exert multiple biological effects including antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant and antitumor activities. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes play an important role in the Phase I oxidation metabolism of a wide range of xenobiotics and inhibition of CYP isoforms might influence the elimination of drugs and induce serious adverse drug response. The inhibition of seven CYP isoforms (CYP3A4, CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C8 and CYP2E1) by tiliroside was investigated using in vitro human liver microsomal incubation assays.

Determination of propofol UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) activities in hepatic microsomes from different species by UFLC-ESI-MS.

Propofol O-glucuronidation has been used as probe reaction to phenotype UGT1A9 activity in human liver, thus a sensitive and specific method for determination of propofol O-glucuronide (PG) is urgently desirable. In the current study, a new LC-ESI-MS method for determination of PG in hepatic microsomes from human (HLM), monkey (CyLM), dog (DLM), minipig (PLM), rat (RLM) and mouse (MLM) was developed and validated using 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-d-glucuronide as an internal standard (IS). PG and IS was separated by a Shim-pack XR-ODS column (100 mm × 2.