Proteo-metabolomic insights for early dual physical and cognitive impairments: A search for biomarkers of healthy aging based on muscle-brain crosstalk.

We employed an untargeted proteo-metabolomic approach to profile circulating biomarkers in plasma samples from the I-Lan Longitudinal Aging Study, aiming to identify biomarkers and pathways associated with physio-cognitive decline syndrome (PCDS). In 115 propensity score-matched PCDS case-control pairs, pathway analyses implicated dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism and inflammation in PCDS pathogenesis. Sex-specific associations were observed, with disruptions in central carbon metabolism (elevated PKM, MDH1, and GAPDH; decreased MINPP1) and tyrosine metabolism (decreased MIF, DBH; increased thyroxine) characterizing in men.

Sex-dependent interplay of phosphate and inflammation on muscle strength irrespective of muscle mass in middle-aged and older adults.

Background: Elevated circulatory phosphate levels are linked to age-related muscle dysfunction, yet the mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the hypothesis that inflammation plays a role in connecting elevated phosphate levels to muscular dysfunction in middle-aged and older individuals and explored potential sex-based differences in these associations.

Methods: The study, based on the I-Lan Longitudinal Aging Study Cohort, analyzed individuals' serum phosphate and hsCRP levels.

Paternal metformin use and risk of congenital malformations in offspring in Norway and Taiwan: population based, cross national cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the association between paternal metformin use and risk of congenital malformations in offspring.

Design: Population based, cross national cohort study.

Setting: Norway and Taiwan.

Analyzing sex-specific differences in sleep quality, resilience, and biomarkers among older adults in the Gan-Dau Healthy Longevity Plan.

Background: Limited knowledge exists regarding the interrelations between sleep quality and resilience within the demographic of healthy, community-residing middle-aged and older adults, with a particular dearth of information regarding sex-specific associations. This study aimed to examine the sex-specific associations between sleep quality, resilience, and biomarkers in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2022 Gan-Dau Healthy Longevity Plan survey initiated by the locality-based community hospital, Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital (TMGDH).

Effect of frailty on effectiveness and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists versus SGLT2 inhibitors in people with type 2 diabetes in Taiwan: a retrospective, nationwide, longitudinal study.

Background: GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors are increasingly being used in people with type 2 diabetes on the basis of findings from randomised clinical trials; however, little is known of whether clinical outcomes are affected by frailty in real-world settings. We aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors in managing type 2 diabetes, with a specific focus on stratifying people by their frailty status.

Methods: In this retrospective, nationwide, longitudinal study, we identified people (aged ≥20 years) with type 2 diabetes who newly initiated either a GLP-1 receptor agonist or an SGLT2 inhibitor during the period Jan 1, 2017 to Dec 31, 2019 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance database.

Intrinsic capacity transitions predict overall and cause-specific mortality, incident disability, and healthcare utilization.

Objectives: To develop an intrinsic capacity (IC) score and to investigate the association between IC transition with overall and cause-specific mortality, incident disability and healthcare utilization.

Design: Retrospective cohort study SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Data from 1852 respondents aged ≥ 65 years who completed the 1999 and 2003 surveys of the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging were analyzed.

Measurements: Transitions of IC score were categorized into three groups: (1) Improved IC (IC >0), (2) Stable IC (IC = 0), (3) Worsened IC (IC <0).

Sarcopenia in the era of precision health: Toward personalized interventions for healthy longevity.

Sarcopenia, characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, significantly impacts health outcomes in older adults. This review explores the evolving landscape of sarcopenia research, with a particular focus on its unique characteristics in Asian populations and emerging pharmaceutical interventions. Recent studies have revealed distinct patterns of muscle mass decline in Asian adults, particularly in women, challenging the universal application of global sarcopenia diagnostic criteria.

The Evolving Landscape of Sarcopenia in Asia: A Systematic review and meta-analysis following the 2019 Asian working group for sarcopenia (AWGS) diagnostic criteria.

Background: Sarcopenia, characterized by age-related loss of muscle mass and function, poses a significant public health concern, particularly in Asia's rapidly aging population. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the current epidemiology of sarcopenia in Asia using the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) diagnostic criteria.

Methods: Databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane were systematically searched for studies published until December 7, 2023, involving older adults aged ≥ 60 years diagnosed with sarcopenia using the 2019 AWGS criteria in Asia.

Multi-trajectories in different domains of social supports and subjective motoric cognitive risk syndrome: a 16-year group-based multi-trajectory analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal relationships between the trajectories of distinct subtypes of various domains of social supports and risk of subjective motoric cognitive risk (MCR) syndrome.

Design: Longitudinal cohort study.

Setting And Participants: 2,279 participants in the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (TLSA) between 1999 and 2011.

Changing Reimbursement Criteria on Anti-VEGF Treatment Patterns Among Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Diabetic Macular Edema Patients: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis.

Background: To evaluate the impact of reimbursement criteria change on the utilization pattern of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) among patients with wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME) separately in Taiwan.

Methods: An interrupted time series analysis (ITSA) was performed using Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) database, and patients with wAMD or DME diagnosis at the first injection of anti-VEGF agents was identified from 2011 to 2019. The outcome of interest was treatment gaps between injections of anti-VEGF.

Efficacy of Digital Dance on Brain Imagery, Cognition, and Health: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Multidomain interventions have demonstrable benefits for promoting healthy aging, but self-empowerment strategies to sustain long-term gains remain elusive.

Objective: This study evaluated the effects of digital somatosensory dance game participation on brain imagery changes as primary outcomes and other physical and mental health measures as secondary outcomes related to healthy aging.

Methods: Between August 31, 2020, and June 27, 2021, this randomized controlled trial recruited 60 eligible participants older than 55 years with no recent engagement in digital dance games.

A Web-Based Resilience-Enhancing Program to Improve Resilience, Physical Activity, and Well-being in Geriatric Population: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Resilience is a protective factor in healthy aging, helping to maintain and recover physical and mental functions. The Resilience in Illness Model has proven effective in fostering resilience and well-being. Physical activity is crucial for older adults' independence and well-being, even as aging causes a progressive decline.