Photoredox Site-Selective C(sp)-H Alkylation of 1-(-Iodoaryl)-alkan-1-ones with Activated Alkenes Enabled by Hydrogen Atom Transfer.

A visible-light-mediated photoredox catalysis for β-C(sp)-H alkylation of 1-(-iodoaryl)alkan-1-ones with alkenes via 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer and alkene alkylarylation to produce diverse β-alkyl arylalkanones containing a quaternary carbon center is presented. This method is applicable to a wide range of 1-(-iodoaryl)alkan-1-ones and activated alkenes. Mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction involves a radical process.

Machine Learning Relationships Between Nanoporous Structures and Electrochemical Performance in MOF Supercapacitors.

The development of supercapacitors is impeded by the unclear relationships between nanoporous electrode structures and electrochemical performance, primarily due to challenges in decoupling the complex interdependencies of various structural descriptors. While machine learning (ML) techniques offer a promising solution, their application is hindered by the lack of large, unified databases. Herein, constant-potential molecular simulation is used to construct a unified supercapacitor database with hundreds of metal-organic framework (MOF) electrodes.

Investigating the modulatory effects of Pu-erh tea on the gut microbiota in ameliorating hyperuricemia induced by circadian rhythm disruption.

Circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) can induce a variety of metabolic disorders. Our previous laboratory studies have shown that Pu-erh tea could alleviate CRD-induced syndromes, including obesity, intestinal dysfunction, and tryptophan metabolism disorders. However, its potential protective mechanism against CRD-induced hyperuricaemia remains unclear.

Development of a rabbit model for adrenoleukodystrophy: A pilot study on gene therapy using rAAV9.

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a common peroxisomal disorder caused by mutations in the gene, leading to the accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). This progressive neurodegenerative disease manifests in three primary forms: childhood-acquired cerebral demyelination (CALD), adult myelopathy (AMN), and primary adrenal cortical insufficiency. Bone marrow transplantation effectively halts disease progression only in the early stages of CALD.

Overall survival according to time-of-day of combined immuno-chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a bicentric bicontinental study.

Background: Circadian rhythms regulate immune cell activity, influencing responses to vaccines, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Early time-of-day administration (ToDA) of singe-agent ICIs has been associated with improved overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic "immunotherapy sensitive" cancers. However, the impact of ToDA on OS in patients receiving combination therapy with ICIs and chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear.

Low-speed impact localization of wind turbine blades with a single sensor utilizing multiscale feature fusion convolutional neural networks.

Impact, which may occur during manufacturing, serving and maintaining, is a significant threat to in-service composite structures, e.g. wind turbine blades.

Constant-Potential Modeling of Electrical Double Layers Accounting for Electron Spillover.

Constant-potential molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are indispensable for understanding the structure, capacitance, and dynamics of electrical double layers (EDLs) at the atomistic level. However, the classical constant-potential method, relying on the so-called "fluctuating charges" to keep electrode equipotential, overlooks quantum effects on the electrode and always underestimates EDL capacitance for typical metal electrode and aqueous electrolyte interfaces. Here, we propose a constant potential method accounting for electron spillover on the outermost nuclei of the electrode.

Effects of Extraction Temperature of Protein from Date Palm Pollen on the Astringency Taste of Tea.

The astringency of tea, predominantly attributed to epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), plays a crucial role in shaping its overall quality, and plant-based proteins are gaining popularity as a preferred alternative to milk-based proteins for enhancing the flavor profile of tea. This study investigated the impact of extraction temperature on date palm pollen (DPP) protein quality and tea astringency, comparing temperatures of 30 °C and 80 °C. Results indicated that higher extraction temperatures yield more protein and improve the thermal and surface properties of DPP.

Development of delayed pulmonary toxicities and transcriptional changes in pre-existing interstitial lung disease mice after partial thoracic irradiation.

Background: Lung cancer patients with comorbid interstitial lung disease (LC-ILD) have an increased risk of developing severe or even fatal radiation pneumonitis after thoracic radiotherapy. However, the underlying mechanisms of its pathogenesis are still inconclusive. No approved biomarker or medicine is available to prevent pulmonary toxicities in LC-ILD patients.

Toripalimab plus platinum-doublet chemotherapy as perioperative therapy for initially unresectable NSCLC: An open-label, phase 2 trial.

Background: Perioperative treatment with toripalimab combined with chemotherapy was efficacious and safe in resectable stage II-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, little is known about whether this treatment regimen could convert unresectable NSCLC to resectable.

Methods: This study enrolled 40 treatment-naive patients with initially unresectable stage IIIA-IIIB NSCLC. Toripalimab (240 mg) and platinum-doublet chemotherapy were administered every 3 weeks for 2-4 cycles.

Cellular senescence-associated gene IFI16 promotes HMOX1-dependent evasion of ferroptosis and radioresistance in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains a therapeutic challenge due to its aggressive nature and recurrence. This study establishes a radioresistant GBM cell model through repeated irradiation and observes a cellular senescence-like phenotype in these cells. Comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic analyses identify IFI16 as a central regulator of this phenotype and contributes to radioresistance.

Exploiting Lattice Carbon-Induced Modulation Effect in Nickel towards Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation.

Doping with non-metallic heteroatom is an effective approach to tailor the electronic structure of Ni for enhancing its alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) catalytic performance. However, the modulation of HOR activity of Ni by lattice carbon (LC) atoms has rarely been reported, especially to reveal the rule between the doping effect and activity caused by the content of LC atoms. Here, hydrogen is proposed as a scavenger for LC atoms in the pyrolytic reduction process to finely control the content of LC atoms in Ni.

RET-AREAL: A multi-center, real-world data analysis on the efficacy of pralsetinib in acquired RET fusion after resistance to EGFR/ALK-TKIs.

Pralsetinib demonstrated impressive improvement of survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harbored de novo RET fusion. However, the efficacy in patients with acquired RET fusion after resistance to EGFR/ALK-TKIs has only been reported on a case-by-case basis, and the strategy for overcoming the acquired RET fusion has not been fully investigated. This multicenter, real-world analysis enrolled 32 patients with unresectable NSCLC harbored acquired RET fusion after resistance to EGFR/ALK-TKIs in 23 centers across China from July 1st, 2018 to Nov 23rd, 2022.

ChNLRC4, a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor, activates the pyroptosis signaling pathway in Mollusca.

NLR inflammasomes recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), triggering Caspase-1 activation and leading to gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis, a crucial immune response in mammals. The functional GSDME-mediated pyroptosis has been reported in invertebrates, yet the existence of an NLR-Caspase-GSDME axis mediating pyroptosis signaling cascades remains unclear. In this study, we reported an NLRC4 homolog named ChNLRC4, a pattern recognition receptor from the oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis that is able to bind to LPS and Lys-type PGN through its LRR domain.

Overscreening-Driven Modulation of Ion Adsorption and Desorption in Conductive MOF Electrodes by Charging Rates.

Elucidating the charging mechanism plays an intrinsic and critical role in the development of high-performance supercapacitors; however, a deep understanding of how this mechanism varies under different charging rates remains challenging. In this study, we investigate the charging mechanism of conductive metal-organic framework (c-MOF) electrodes in ionic liquids, combining electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance and constant-potential molecular dynamics simulations. Both experimental and modeling results reveal a transition of the ion adsorption and desorption modes from anion dominance at low charging rates to ion-exchange governance at high charging rates, significantly reducing the contribution of anions to the capacitance.

Intrathecal pemetrexed improves survival outcomes in previously treated EGFR-mutant advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with leptomeningeal metastases.

Objective: This study assessed the impact of intrathecal pemetrexed (IP) in managing leptomeningeal metastases (LM) in previously treated patients with -mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: We analyzed the clinical and survival outcomes of 50 patients with LM who received 50 mg IP after disease progression with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) treatment between September 2021 and September 2023 at the Hunan Cancer Hospital. Treatment response was evaluated based on improvement in neurological symptoms/signs and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) scores.

Octreotide plus IBI-318 plus anlotinib in the treatment of multiple neuroendocrine metastases of unknown primary lesions: a case report.

Background: The second-line treatment of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of unknown primary origin remains uncertain. This report presented a patient who received octreotide plus IBI-318 plus anlotinib as a second-line treatment for multiple metastatic NETs of unknown primary lesions after the failure of octreotide plus everolimus.

Case Presentation: A 32-year-old male patient presented with elevated CEA (197.

Divergent Synthesis of ()- and ()-Alkenones via Photoredox C(sp)-H Alkenylation-Dehydrogenation of -Iodoarylalkanols with Alkynes.

A photoredox C(sp)-H alkenylation-dehydrogenation of -iodoarylalkanols with terminal alkynes for the synthesis of ()- and ()-quaternary carbon center-containing pent-4-en-1-ones is described. The stereoselectivity depends on the utilization of alkynes and photocatalysts. While using an organic photocatalyst like 4-DPAIPN manipulates the C(sp)-H alkenylation-dehydrogenation of -iodoarylalkanols with arylalkynes to assemble ()-pent-4-en-1-ones, in the case of an Ir potocatalyst such as Ir(ppy)(dtbbpy)PF the reaction with arylalkynes delivers ()-pent-4-en-1-ones.

Analysis of Baseline Molecular Factors Associated With the Risk of Central Nervous System Progression Among Alectinib-Treated Patients With ALK-Positive NSCLC.

Introduction: Despite receiving alectinib therapy, patients with ALK-positive NSCLC remain at risk of central nervous system (CNS) progression. Our retrospective study aimed to identify baseline clinical and molecular factors associated with the risk of CNS progression in this patient subset.

Methods: We analyzed the clinical, molecular, and imaging data of 318 patients with ALK-positive advanced NSCLC who received alectinib as first-line (1L-alectinib) or second-line (2L-alectinib) therapy at baseline (1L, n = 183; 2L, n = 135) and at disease progression (1L, n = 80; 2L, n = 76).

The masking mechanism of catechin to the sweet taste of phloridzin.

Our previous study speculated that decreased levels of catechin were associated with heightened sweetness in Camellia nanchuanica black tea (NCBT). In this study, we found that catechin has the capacity to obscure the sweet taste of phloridzin and verified the above speculation. To delve deeper into this masking effect, we examined various concentrations of catechin (cat-10cat) and phloridzin (phl-10phl), and revealed catechin (cat-10cat) significantly reduced the sweetness of 10phl.

Microencapsulation Efficiency of Carboxymethylcellulose, Gelatin, Maltodextrin, and Acacia for Aroma Preservation in Jasmine Instant Tea.

Enhancing the sensory appeal of jasmine instant tea, particularly its aroma, poses a significant challenge due to the loss of volatile organic compounds during conventional processing. This study introduces a novel approach to address this issue through the application of microencapsulation techniques, aimed at preserving these key aromatic elements. Our investigation focused on the encapsulating agents gelatin, acacia gum, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and maltodextrin, chosen for their compatibility with the volatile organic compounds of tea.