A metabonomic investigation of the effects of 60 days exposure of rats to two types of pyrethroid insecticides.

Type I and II pyrethroid insecticides display different neurotoxicity. To investigate the long-term (60 days exposure) metabolic effect of the two types of pyrethroid insecticides deltamethrin and permethrin, (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based metabonomics was used to analyze the biochemical composition of urine and serum samples from rats administrated daily with deltamethrin or permethrin for 60 consecutive days, and principal component analysis used to visualize similarities and differences in the resultant biochemical profiles. Rats treated with either deltamethrin or permethrin displayed increased levels of urinary acetate, dimethylamine, dimethylglycine, trimethylamine and serum free amino acids, and decreased urinary 2-oxoglutarate, all of which are indicative of kidney lesions and nephrotoxicity.

[The expression and significance of the Notch signaling pathway molecules in tongue squamous cell carcinoma].

Objective: To explore the expression of Notch signaling receptors Notchl, Notch3 and its ligand Jaggedl, Jagged2 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC).

Methods: mRNA and protein expression levels of tissue samples from 74 cases of tongue cancer patients and human tongue cell line Cal-27 were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Its relationship with cell proliferation and clinical pathology was analyzed.

Inhibition of autophagy enhances cisplatin cytotoxicity in human adenoid cystic carcinoma cells of salivary glands.

Background: The relationship between autophagy and chemotherapy in cancer has been studied a lot recent years. However, there is currently no study on the role of autophagy in chemotherapy of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of human salivary glands. We hypothesized that autophagy plays a protective role for human salivary gland ACC cells during chemotherapy, diminishes the effect of treatment, and ultimately results in poor sensitivity to chemotherapy.

1H NMR-based metabonomic analysis of the serum and urine of rats following subchronic exposure to dichlorvos, deltamethrin, or a combination of these two pesticides.

Metabonomic analysis, clinical chemical analysis and histopathology were used to investigate the toxic effects of subchronic exposure to dichlorvos, deltamethrin, and a combination of these two pesticides, in rats. Weight loss, hind limb weakness and histopathological changes in kidney tissue were only observed in rats exposed to high doses of deltamethrin, or a combination of deltamethrin and dichlorvos. Urinary metabonomic analysis indicated that exposure to a mixture of dichlorvos and deltamethrin was followed by increases in urinary lactate, dimethylamine, N-glycoprotein (NAC) and glycine similar to those observed in rats treated with either dichlorvos or deltamethrin alone.

Subchronic neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos, carbaryl, and their combination in rats.

Anticholinesterase pesticides have been widely used in agricultural and domestic settings and can be detected in the environment after long-term use. Although the acute toxic effects of chlorpyrifos and carbaryl have been well described, little is known about the chronic toxicity of the pesticides mixture. To investigate their chronic neurotoxicity, Wistar rats were exposed to chlorpyrifos, carbaryl, and their mixture (MIX) for 90 consecutive days.

Applying biofluid metabonomic techniques to analyze the combined subchronic toxicity of propoxur and permethrin in rats.

Background: NMR combined with pattern recognition was recently introduced as a new technique for rapid xenobiotic toxicity evaluation. In this article, metabolic changes in the biofluid of rats after 90-day oral treatment with propoxur, permethrin and a combination of these two pesticides were investigated.

Results: Propoxur dosing induced increased urinary taurine, creatinine and glucose, whereas urinary lactate and acetate were increased in the highest permethrin dose group.

Ruthenium-catalyzed pyrrole synthesis via oxidative annulation of enamides and alkynes.

An efficient and regioselective ruthenium-catalyzed oxidative annulation of enamides with alkynes via the cleavage of C(sp(2))-H/N-H bonds is reported. The reactions can afford N-acetyl substituted or N-unsubstituted pyrroles by altering the reaction conditions slightly.

Suppression of tongue squamous cell carcinoma growth by inhibition of Jagged1 in vitro and in vivo.

Background: The changes in Notch signaling are closely related to the occurrence and development of many cancers. We have investigated Notch signaling receptor and its ligand expressions in TSCC cell lines, tissues and its significance. We clarified Notch signaling pathway in TSCC and its mechanism.

(1)H NMR-based metabonomic profiling of rat serum and urine to characterize the subacute effects of carbamate insecticide propoxur.

Carbamate insecticide propoxur is widely used in agriculture and public health programs. To prevent adverse health effects arising from exposure to this insecticide, sensitive methods for detection of early stage organismal changes are necessary. We present here an integrative metabonomic approach to investigate toxic effects of pesticide in experimental animals.

High expression of the autophagy gene Beclin-1 is associated with favorable prognosis for salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Background: Although autophagy is universally involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression, the roles of autophagy and autophagy-regulating genes in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the expression of the autophagy-regulating genes Beclin-1, death-associated protein kinase-1, ultraviolet radiation resistance-associated gene, and phosphatase and tensin homolog in salivary gland ACC samples.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to analyze the expression of these genes in 89 ACC samples and normal salivary gland tissue samples.

Mandible reconstruction assisted by preoperative virtual surgical simulation.

Objective: In this study, we evaluated the clinical efficacy of mandible reconstruction with preoperative virtual planning, which focused on esthetics and occlusion.

Study Design: A series of 9 patients were enrolled prospectively to undergo mandibulectomy and simultaneous reconstruction. Preoperative spiral CT scans of the maxillofacial region and the fibula region were performed.

Metabonomic responses in rat urine following subacute exposure to propoxur.

Metabolic profiling of urine from pesticide-treated rats was investigated by the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabonomic strategy. Twenty-four-hour urine samples of rats were collected after administration with propoxur at doses of 0.85, 1.

An NMR-based metabonomic investigation of the subacute effects of melamine in rats.

The subacute toxic effects of 28 days of exposure to three dosages (250, 500, 1000 mg/kg/day) of melamine on Wistar rats were investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, histopathological examination, and biochemical analysis. Rats treated with melamine developed adverse health effects compared to the controls, including decrease in body weight and kidney damage. Blood biochemical analysis showed that the blood urea nitrogen and creatinine increased distinctly compared to the control group.

Foxp3 expressed by tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells correlates with clinicopathologic features and overall survival in tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients.

The forkhead transcription factor, Foxp3, has been identified as a key player in CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) function and a definitive marker of Tregs. Recently, it was reported that Foxp3 could be expressed by tumor cells themselves. The present study was to investigate the expression of Foxp3 in tongue squamous cells carcinoma (TSCC) cells and its clinical significance.

A readily synthesized cyclic pyrrolysine analogue for site-specific protein "click" labeling.

A concise route was developed for the facile synthesis of a cyclic pyrrolysine analogue bearing an azide handle. Directed evolution enabled the encoding of this non-natural amino acid in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, which offers a highly efficient approach for the site-specific protein labeling using click chemistry.

Conversion of hexagonal Sb2Te3 nanoplates into nanorings driven by growth temperature.

We describe a novel route for the conversion of hexagonal Sb(2)Te(3) nanoplates into nanorings driven by growth temperature in a simple solvothermal process. The transmission electron microscopy was employed to investigate systemically the morphology, size, crystallinity, and microstructure of the as-prepared products. The experiments indicated that the growth temperature had a great effect on the morphology of antimony telluride nanostructures.

A highly selective fluorescent probe for visualization of organic hydroperoxides in living cells.

The transcriptional regulatory protein OhrR is converted into a fluorescent bioprobe capable of detecting organic hydroperoxides in living cells with high sensitivity and selectivity.

Activation of Notch signaling in human tongue carcinoma.

Background: Involvement of Notch signaling in several tumors is well known, but its role in tongue squamous cell carcinoma remains poorly characterized. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the roles of Notch signaling in the oncogenesis of tongue carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: Tumor specimens and adjacent non-neoplastic tongue tissues from 74 patients with tongue carcinoma and human tongue carcinoma cell line Tca8113 were examined using immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR to determine the expressions of Notch1, Notch3, Jagged1, and Jagged2.

Sialoendoscopic secondary intervention after failure of open sialolithectomy.

Purpose: Traditionally, sialoadenectomy was always indicated when open sialolithectomy failed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of sialoendoscopy as the secondary intervention after failure of open sialolithectomy.

Patients And Methods: A consecutive series of 15 patients with obstructive salivary gland disease with failure of open sialolithectomy were prospectively recruited for our study.

Detection of Notch signaling molecules in cemento-ossifying fibroma of the jaws.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the roles of Notch signaling in the oncogenesis and cytodifferentiation of cemento-ossifying fibroma, the expressions of Notch receptors and ligands were detected in COF and normal jaw bones.

Materials And Methods: The expressions of Notch1, Notch3, Jagged1, and Jagged2 were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry respectively in 16 cases of normal bone tissues and 12 cases of COF of the jaws.

Results: The mRNAs expressions of Notch1, Notch3, Jagged1, and Jagged2 were detected in all specimens.

[Study on temperature measurement of solution by reference-wavelength method].

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been widely used in agriculture, medicine, petrochemical and food industries. However, the measurement precision of NIR spectroscopy is adversely affected by the change in external conditions. Among these influence factors, temperature fluctuation is harder to be controlled than other conditions such as contact pressure and measurement position.

Sialoendoscopically assisted open sialolithectomy for removal of large submandibular hilar calculi.

Purpose: The management of large hilar calculi is a technically challenging issue during sialoendoscopic surgery. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of sialoendoscopically assisted open sialolithectomy for the removal of large submandibular hilar calculi to avoid sialoadenectomy.

Patients And Methods: The present study was undertaken among patients with sialolithiasis scheduled for sialoendoscopic surgery from August 2005 to October 2008.

Metabolic profiles of serum from rats after subchronic exposure to chlorpyrifos and carbaryl.

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) and carbaryl (CAR) have been widely used in agricultural and domestic settings. Previous studies have demonstrated that CPF and CAR are generally neurotoxic to mammals, whereas the toxicities of these pesticides to other organs and their potential interactive effects remain unclear. The purpose of this study assessed the alterations of histopathology, biochemical parameters, and metabolic profiles of serum in rats following the treatment with CPF and CAR alone or in combination.

Sialoliths or phleboliths?

Objectives/hypothesis: Salivary gland obstruction caused by vascular malformation with phleboliths is relatively uncommon and may be masquerading as sialolithiasis. This article presents the case of a patient who suffered from vascular malformation with phleboliths that caused submandibular gland obstruction and was once misdiagnosed as sialolithiasis.

Study Design: Illustrative case report and review of the literature.