Tailoring high-performance bipolar membrane for durable pure water electrolysis.

Bipolar membrane electrolyzers present an attractive scenario for concurrently optimizing the pH environment required for paired electrode reactions. However, the practicalization of bipolar membranes for water electrolysis has been hindered by their sluggish water dissociation kinetics, poor mass transport, and insufficient interface durability. This study starts with numerical simulations and discloses the limiting factors of monopolar membrane layer engineering.

The association between age at menopause and bone health in Southwest China women: mediation effect of body mass index.

Background: Previous studies have yielded inconsistent findings regarding the association between age at menopause and bone health, with limited exploration of potential mediating factors, particularly in the less-developed muti-ethnic regions of China. Our objective was to analyze the association between age at menopause and bone health among postmenopausal women in southwest China, while also examining the mediating effect of body mass index (BMI) and the moderating effect of years since menopause on this association.

Methods And Results: The analysis included a total of 15,352 naturally postmenopausal women obtained from the baseline data of the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) Study.

Development and Validation of a Novel Classification System and Prognostic Model for Open Traumatic Brain Injury: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Open traumatic brain injury (OTBI) is associated with high mortality and morbidity; however, the classification of these injuries and the determination of patient prognosis remain uncertain, hindering the selection of optimal treatment strategies. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel OTBI classification system and a prognostic model for poor prognosis.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with isolated OTBI who received treatment at three large medical centers in China between January 2020 and June 2022 as the training set.

Toward Intelligent Head Impulse Test: A Goggle-Free Approach Using a Monocular Infrared Camera.

Objectives: To assess vestibular function, video head impulse test (vHIT) is taken as the gold standard by evaluating the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). However, vHIT requires the patient to wear a specialized head-mounted goggle equipment that needs to be calibrated before each use. For this, we proposed an intelligent head impulse test (iHIT) setting with a monocular infrared camera instead of the head-mounted goggle and contributed correspondingly a video classification approach with deep learning to vestibular function determination.

Bioadhesive-Inspired Ionomer for Membrane Electrode Assembly Interface Reinforcement in Fuel Cells.

Anion exchange membrane fuel cells promise a sustainable and ecofriendly energy conversion pathway yet suffer from insufficient performance and durability. Drawing inspiration from mussel foot adhesion proteins for the first time, we herein demonstrate catechol-modified ionomers that synergistically reinforce the membrane electrode assembly interface and triple-phase boundary inside catalyst layers. The resulting ionomers present exceptional alkaline stability with only slight ionic conductivity declines after treatment in 2 M NaOH aqueous solution at 80 °C for 2500 h.

Temporal relationship between hepatic steatosis and fasting blood glucose elevation: a longitudinal analysis from China and UK.

Background: The link between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes has not been fully established. We investigated the temporal relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), quantitatively assessed the impact, and evaluated the related mediation effect.

Methods: This study involved participants from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort Study and the UK Biobank.

Introducing the ratio of cross diameters of the appendix for ultrasound diagnosis of acute appendicitis can significantly increase specificity.

Purpose: To validate whether the introduction of the ratio of the cross diameters on the transverse section of the appendix (RATIO) ≤ 1.18 is useful for improving the ultrasound diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA).

Methods: Data from 220 patients with AA and 110 patients with a normal appendix were retrospectively studied.

Region-specific transcriptomic responses to obesity and diabetes in macaque hypothalamus.

The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in the progression of obesity and diabetes; however, its structural complexity and cellular heterogeneity impede targeted treatments. Here, we profiled the single-cell and spatial transcriptome of the hypothalamus in obese and sporadic type 2 diabetic macaques, revealing primate-specific distributions of clusters and genes as well as spatial region, cell-type-, and gene-feature-specific changes. The infundibular (INF) and paraventricular nuclei (PVN) are most susceptible to metabolic disruption, with the PVN being more sensitive to diabetes.

SIRT1-Mediated HMGB1 Deacetylation Suppresses Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Related to Blood-Brain Barrier Impairment After Cerebral Venous Thrombosis.

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a neurovascular disease with recently increasing incidence. Aseptic inflammatory responses play an important role in the pathology of CVT. Recent studies report that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are major triggers of thrombosis and inflammation in stroke, but their effect on brain injury in CVT requires further validation.

A novel pectate lyase with high specific activity from Bacillus sp. B58-2: Gene cloning, heterologous expression and use in ramie degumming.

Pectinase plays a crucial role in ramie degumming. A gene encoding a putative pectate lyase from Bacillus sp. strain B58-2 was cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli.

Role of metabolic risk factors in the relationship between ambient fine particulate matter and depressive symptoms: Evidence from a longitudinal population study.

Background: There is growing evidence indicating a connection between fine particulate matter (PM) and depressive symptoms. Metabolic risk factors are critical determinants of depressive symptoms. However, the mediating role of these factors on the association between PM and depressive symptoms remains elusive.

Mediation of metabolic syndrome in the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter and incident cardiovascular disease: Evidence from a population-based cohort in Chengdu.

Background: Particulate matter (PM) exposure has been linked with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), the latter characterized by concurrent multiple metabolic disorders. As a result, the mechanisms assumption from PM to CVD through MetS have emerged, thus requiring further epidemiological evidence. This cohort study aimed to assess whether MetS mediates the associations of PM with CVD risk.

Influence of language use on migrant workers' willingness to Urban settlement-based on the CLDS 2016 survey data.

In the framework of China new urbanization construction, migrant workers are of great significance for urban sustainable development. Based on the data of CLDS2016, we used the multi- -ordered Logistics model to effectively explore the influence of migrant workers ' language use on the urban settlement will. The research results showed that the mastery of the urban dialect and the language used after work had a significant impact on the willingness of the migrant workers in the urban settlement, while the language used at work had no significant impact on the migrant workers' willingness to settle in cities.

Cranial venous-outflow obstruction promotes neuroinflammation via ADAM17/solTNF-α/NF-κB pathway following experimental TBI.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global public health problem. As an important cause of secondary injury, cerebrovascular reaction can cause secondary bleeding, venous sinus thrombosis, and malignant brain swelling. Recent clinical studies have confirmed that intracranial venous return disorder is closely related to the prognosis of patients, yet the specific molecular mechanism involved in this process is still unclear.

Indoor Localization Algorithm Based on a High-Order Graph Neural Network.

Given that fingerprint localization methods can be effectively modeled as supervised learning problems, machine learning has been employed for indoor localization tasks based on fingerprint methods. However, it is often challenging for popular machine learning models to effectively capture the unstructured data features inherent in fingerprint data that are generated in diverse propagation environments. In this paper, we propose an indoor localization algorithm based on a high-order graph neural network (HoGNNLoc) to enhance the accuracy of indoor localization and improve localization stability in dynamic environments.

Development of SDS-Modified PbO Anode Material Based on Ti Self-Doping Black TiONTs Substrate as a Conductive Interlayer for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methylene Blue.

Efficient and stable electrode materials are urgently required for wastewater treatment in the electrocatalytic degradation of toxic and refractory organic pollutants. Ti self-doping black TiO nanotube arrays (Ti/B-TiO-NTs) as an interlayer were used for preparing a novel PbO electrode via an electrochemical reduction technology, and a sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-modified PbO catalytic layer was successfully achieved via an electrochemical deposition technology. The physicochemical characterization tests showed that the Ti/B-TiO-NTs/PbO-SDS electrodes have a denser surface and finer grain size with the introduction of Ti in the interlayer of Ti/TiO-NTs and the addition of SDS in the active layer of PbO.

Serpin E1 mediates the induction of renal tubular degeneration and premature senescence upon diabetic insult.

As a leading cause of chronic kidney disease, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) involves insidious but progressive impairments of renal tubules, and is associated with premature renal aging. The underlying pathomechanisms remain elusive. Post hoc analyses of the publicly-available renal transcriptome revealed that TGFβ1 is overexpressed in renal tubulointerstitia in patients with DKD and positively correlated with kidney aging signaling.

Association between pregnancy termination history and metabolic syndrome in southwestern Chinese women: modification effect of physical activity.

Study Question: Is there a relationship between pregnancy termination history and metabolic syndrome (MetS), and if so, is the relationship moderated by physical activity (PA)?

Summary Answer: Induced abortion, and both miscarriage and induced abortion, increased the risk of MetS, while leisure PA attenuated the effects of induced abortion, and both miscarriage and induced abortion, on the risk of MetS.

What Is Known Already: Pregnancy termination history is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but studies on women's history of pregnancy termination and MetS are limited. PA is a preventive behavior for MetS, but its modification effect on any association between pregnancy termination history and MetS is unknown.

Upscaled production of an ultramicroporous anion-exchange membrane enables long-term operation in electrochemical energy devices.

The lack of high-performance and substantial supply of anion-exchange membranes is a major obstacle to future deployment of relevant electrochemical energy devices. Here, we select two isomers (m-terphenyl and p-terphenyl) and balance their ratio to prepare anion-exchange membranes with well-connected and uniformly-distributed ultramicropores based on robust chemical structures. The anion-exchange membranes display high ion-conducting, excellent barrier properties, and stability exceeding 8000 h at 80 °C in alkali.