IFN-α affects Th17/Treg cell balance through c-Maf and associated with the progression of EBV- SLE.

Objectives: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-organ autoimmune disease, of which the pathogens is remains obscure. Viral infection, particularly Epstein Barr viru (EBV) infection, has been considered a common pathogenic factor. This study suggests that c-Maf may be an important target in T cell differentiation during SLE progression, providing a potentially new perspective on the role of viral infection in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.

The nonstructural protein 1 of respiratory syncytial virus hijacks host mitophagy as a novel mitophagy receptor to evade the type I IFN response in HEp-2 cells.

It is a worthy concern for us to understand virus-host interactions which affect progression and prognosis of disease. We demonstrated that the non-structural protein 1 of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV NS1) may act as a novel mitophagy receptor to induce mitophagy by binding LC3B and mitochondrial protein TUFM, and finally dampen interferon (IFN) responses induced by RIG1 and RSV infection. TUFM is beneficial for RSV replication and .

Cyclophilin A Inhibits Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Replication by Binding to RSV-N through Its PPIase Activity.

Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the most common pathogen which causes acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in infants. Recently, virus-host interaction has become a hot spot of virus-related research, and it needs to be further elaborated for RSV infection. In this study, we found that RSV infection significantly increased the expression of cyclophilin A (cypA) in clinical patients, mice, and epithelial cells.

Macrophages Inhibit Ciliary Protein Levels by Secreting BMP-2 Leading to Airway Epithelial Remodeling Under Cigarette Smoke Exposure.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. So far, smoking is still its leading cause. The characteristics of COPD are emphysema and airway remodeling, as well as chronic inflammation, which were predominated by macrophages.

Recent insights of the role and signalling pathways of interleukin-34 in liver diseases.

Liver disease is a global health problem and is a primary cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Specifically, it accounts for approximately two million deaths per year worldwide. The common causes of mortality are the complications of liver cirrhosis, viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Long Noncoding RNA NRAV Promotes Respiratory Syncytial Virus Replication by Targeting the MicroRNA miR-509-3p/Rab5c Axis To Regulate Vesicle Transportation.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an enveloped RNA virus which is responsible for approximately 80% of lower respiratory tract infections in children. Current lines of evidence have supported the functional involvement of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in many viral infectious diseases. However, the overall biological effect and clinical role of lncRNAs in RSV infection remain unclear.

Role of the exogenous HCV core protein in the interaction of human hepatocyte proliferation and macrophage sub-populations.

Background: The core protein of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is found in the cytoplasm and nuclei of infected cells, including hepatocytes and other cells in the liver. The core protein could be secreted as well. Resident liver macrophages are dependent on the tissue micro-environment and external stimuli to differentiate M1 and M2 hypotypes with distinct functions, and increased expression of the nuclear transcription factor STAT3 was seen in M2-polarized macrophages.