Nomogram integrating clinical-radiological and radiomics features for differentiating invasive from non-invasive pulmonary adenocarcinomas presenting as ground-glass nodules.

Objective: To construct a nomogram incorporating clinical-radiological and radiomics features from computed tomography (CT) for distinguishing invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC) from adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) in ground-glass nodules (GGNs).

Methods: This retrospective study included 473 GGN patients with postoperative pathological confirmation of AIS, MIA, or IAC. The training set comprised 257 patients from Yantaishan Hospital, while the test set, used for external validation, included 216 patients from the Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College.

Voice Disorders in Patients With Discordant RFS and RSI Scores.

Background: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a significant risk factor for various voice disorders. The reflux finding score (RFS) and Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) are widely used diagnostic tools for LPR, but they often show poor concordance. It remains unclear whether patients with discordant RFS and RSI scores (one positive, one negative) have a higher risk of developing voice disorders, and whether proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy can improve voice quality in this subgroup.

Low temperature, high salinity depuration enhances Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) lipid nutrition during anhydrous living-preservation: Lipidomic insights based on RPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS.

Using UHPLC-HRMS-based lipidomics, this study investigated lipid nutrition in Pacific oysters (C. gigas) under two depuration conditions-normal temperature and salinity (N group) and low temperature with high salinity (S group)-during a five-day anhydrous living-preservation period. Quantitative analysis of 927 lipid molecular species across 13 classes revealed that oysters in the S group retained higher levels of glycerolipids, phospholipids, and functional fatty acids (DHA, EPA, and AA) after preservation.

Toosendanin promotes prostate cancer cell apoptosis, ferroptosis and M1 polarization via USP39-mediated PLK1 deubiquitination.

Toosendanin (TSN) can inhibit the malignant process of many cancers, and has the potential to be developed as an anti-tumor drug. However, the role and mechanism of TSN in prostate cancer (PCa) progression remain unclear. PCa cells (DU145 and LNCaP) were treated with TSN.

TaC MXene Slows Progression of Fatty Liver Disease through Its Anti-Inflammatory and ROS-Scavenging Effects.

Treating metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and reducing the occurrence of MAFLD-associated liver cancer remain challenging. Two-dimensional (2D) tantalum carbide (TaC) MXene nanozymes (MXenzymes) exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and have thus attracted considerable attention in the fields of oncology and engineering. However, the potential mechanism of action and bioactive properties of TaC in MAFLD remain uncertain.

Novel Tactile Stimulation Using A Vibratory Foot Orthosis: A Preliminary Study.

Tactile loss caused by diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) might result in foot ulceration and lower extremity amputation. Neurorehabilitation with a vibrating insole is one of the novel therapies for improving tactile sensibility. In this preliminary study, a vibratory foot orthosis (VFO) in conjunction with a random square wave pulse stimulus and pseudorandom white noise (PRWN) via a stochastic resonance (SR) method was newly designed for tactile stimulation.

Photothermal therapy combined with a STING agonist induces pyroptosis, and gasdermin D could be a new biomarker for guiding the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Purpose: Although photothermal therapy (PTT) can induce antitumour immunity, the mechanisms underlying its effects in pancreatic cancer (PC) require further exploration. In this study, the mechanism of action of PTT and its connection to pyroptosis as well as the therapeutic potential of PTT alone and in combination with STING agonists, were investigated. In addition, a biomarker of PC was found to stratify patients who are suitable for PTT.

Initial free ammonia is critical for robust acidic partial nitrification in sequencing batch reactor.

The full implementation of partial nitrification (PN) is still limited by low influent NH-N concentrations. The stability and boundary conditions for nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) inhibition in the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) mode for low-strength wastewater with dynamic environments remain ambiguous. This study attempted to identify the critical factors and extended boundary conditions for the stable PN in SBR.

Enhanced phosphate recovery in R-MCDI systems: Synergistic effects of modified electrodes and membrane-electrode-current collector assembly.

Efficient phosphorus (P) recovery is critical for sustainable wastewater management and resource reuse. This study optimized a reservoir of membrane capacitive deionization (R-MCDI) system by integrating acid-modified activated carbon cloth (ACC) electrodes and a membrane-electrode-current collector assembly (MECA) configuration. Acid modification enhanced the electrode's specific surface area, microporosity, and carboxyl group content, while reducing charge transfer resistance, significantly improving P recovery and selectivity.

Detection of volatile organic compounds in Farfarae flos using HS-GC-IMS across different flower colors.

Farfarae flos is valued for its nutritional and medicinal benefits. This study used headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry to investigate the volatile compounds in various colors of Farfarae flos, including green (G), yellow to white (YW), purplish red to red (PR), and deep purplish red to red (DPR). A total of 92 signal peaks representing 68 identified compounds, which are mainly composed of aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones.

Synthetic microbial community maintains the functional stability of aerobic denitrification under environmental disturbances: Insight into the mechanism of interspecific division of labor.

Understanding how synthetic microbial community (SMC) respond to environmental disturbances is the key to realizing SMC engineering applications. Here, dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and levofloxacin (LOFX) were used as environmental disturbances to study their effects on the aerobic denitrification functional stability of SMC composed of Pseudomonas aeruginosa N2 (PA), Acinetobacter baumannii N1(AC) and Aeromonas hydrophila (AH). The results showed that aerobic denitrification efficiency could be maintained at about 93 % under DBP or LOFX disturbance, and interspecific communication was mainly carried out through N-butyryl-L-homoserine lactone (C-HSL) and N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3OC-HSL), correspondingly.

A plant virus manipulates both its host plant and the insect that facilitates its transmission.

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a devastating pathogen of tomato crops, is vectored by the whitefly , yet the mechanisms underlying TYLVC epidemics are poorly understood. We found that TYLCV triggers the up-regulation of two β-myrcene biosynthesis genes in tomato, leading to the attraction of nonviruliferous . We also identified BtMEDOR6 as a key whitefly olfactory receptor of β-myrcene involved in the distinct preference of MED for TYLCV-infected plants.

Measurement of fluid viscosity based on pressure-driven flow digital-printed microfluidics.

Viscosity is an important characteristic of fluids. Microfluidics has shown significant advantages in the viscosity measurement of biopharmaceuticals, especially in meeting the needs of low sample volumes and accurately controlling microscale fluids. However, the viscosity chip of the traditional straight channel structure has limitations, and the processing technology is also facing challenges.

Advances in small extracellular vesicles: roles in the tumor microenvironment and epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), one of the most prevalent subtypes of ovarian cancer, has a 5-year survival rate of less than 30%, highlighting the urgent need for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The tumor microenvironment (TME), a critical regulator of tumor progression, includes various components, among which small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) serve as important molecular carriers, having gained attention as significant contributors to cancer biology. These vesicles, released by cells into the extracellular space, are pivotal in the pathogenesis of EOC.

A liquid metal-based sticky conductor for wearable and real-time electromyogram monitoring with machine learning classification.

Skin electronics face challenges related to the interface between rigid and soft materials, resulting in discomfort and signal inaccuracies. This study presents the development and characterization of a liquid metal-polydimethylsiloxane (LM-PDMS) sticky conductor designed for wearable electromyography (EMG) monitoring. The conductor leverages a composite of LM inks and PDMS, augmented with silver nanowires (AgNWs) and surface-modified with mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUD) to enhance conductivity.

Effect of extraction solvents on the lipid profiles and volatile compounds of fish roe phospholipids.

This study aimed to elucidate the effect of extraction solvents on the lipid profiles and volatile compounds in large yellow croaker roe phospholipids (LYPLs) with chloroform/methanol (CM), ethanol/ethanol (EE), and ethanol/hexane (EH). The results demonstrated that CM-extracted LYPLs exhibited the lowest oxidation levels, while EE-extracted LYPLs contained the highest polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) content. EH extraction was more effective for monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) in LYPLs but was less effective for polar lipids.

The Modulatory Effects of Anesthetics and Analgesics on Neurophysiological Monitoring and Underlying Mechanisms.

Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring (IONM) is an indispensable surgical tool that offers invaluable insights into neurological function across a spectrum of anatomical areas. By comprehensively assessing the integrity of the brain, brainstem, spinal cord, cranial nerves, and peripheral nerves, IONM plays a pivotal role in guiding surgical decision-making and optimizing patient outcomes, particularly in the context of high-risk procedures. Intraoperative drugs, especially anesthetics and/or analgesics, differentially modulate neurophysiological monitoring, which remarkably affects the application of neurophysiological monitoring under specific conditions and indicates the neurobiological mechanisms of anesthetics/analgesics.

Long-term efficacy and safety of tenofovir alafenamide, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, and entecavir in treating hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure: A 144-week data analysis.

Background And Aims: Antiviral therapy is essential for hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF). No data are available on the long-term prognosis or safety of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), or entecavir (ETV) in treating HBV-ACLF globally. This study was conducted to investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of the three nucleos(t)ide analogs in the treatment of HBV-ACLF.

GelMA@LNP/AST Promotes eNOS-Dependent Angiogenesis Through Autophagy Activation for the Treatment of Hind Limb Ischemia.

Purpose: Limb ischemia is a refractory disease characterized by insufficient angiogenesis and tissue necrosis. Currently, the primary clinical treatment method is surgical intervention; however, the prognosis for patients with severe limb ischemia remains unsatisfactory. Although some studies have evaluated the effects of using bioactive factors to promote neovascularization and tissue repair, the clinical outcomes have not met expectations, possibly due to the difficulties in maintaining biological activity and avoiding potential side effects.

Long-term hepatitis B surface antigen kinetics after nucleos(t)ide analog discontinuation in patients with noncirrhotic chronic hepatitis B.

Background And Aim: Few studies have reported hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) kinetics after nucleos(t)ide analog (NA) discontinuation in patients with noncirrhotic chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The study specifically investigated long-term HBsAg kinetics after NA discontinuation.

Methods: Between January 2014 to January 2024, this study prospectively enrolled 106 outpatients with noncirrhotic CHB who met the discontinuation criteria after NA consolidation treatment.

Nucleolar NOL9 regulated by DNA methylation promotes hepatocellular carcinoma growth through activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Ribosome biogenesis (RiboSis) and ribosomal stress are critical in tumor progression, positioning RiboSis as a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment and for overcoming drug resistance. In this study, we examined the role of RiboSis in the progression from hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection to HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), focusing specifically on nucleolar protein 9 (NOL9) and its influence on HCC pathogenesis and therapeutic response. Our findings showed that NOL9 was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues, correlating with larger tumor sizes and more advanced pathological grades.

Sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide deficiency attenuates acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity via regulating expression of drug metabolism enzymes in mice.

Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose can induce liver injury and is generally accompanied by disruption of bile acid homeostasis. Physiologically, sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) participates in the uptake of bile acids from portal blood into hepatocytes to maintain enterohepatic recirculation but its role in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity is unclear. Wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J and NTCP knockout (KO) mice were injected with 400mg/kg APAP and liver injury was evaluated by serum biochemical markers and histologic evaluation.

The Role of Gut Microbiota-Derived Trimethylamine N-Oxide in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents a transitional stage between normal aging and dementia, often considered critical for dementia prevention. Despite its significance, no effective clinical treatment for MCI has yet been established. Emerging evidence has demonstrated a strong association between trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a prominent metabolite derived from the gut microbiota, and MCI, highlighting its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target.

Dual-Task Optimization Method for Inverse Design of RGB Micro-LED Light Collimator.

Miniaturized pixel sizes in near-eye digital displays lead to pixel emission patterns with large divergence angles, necessitating efficient beam collimation solutions to improve the light coupling efficiency. Traditional beam collimation optics, such as lenses and cavities, are wavelength-sensitive and cannot simultaneously collimate red (R), green (G), and blue (B) light. In this work, we employed inverse design optimization and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation techniques to design a collimator comprised of nano-sized photonic structures.