Single-cell RNA transcriptomic and plasma Lipidomic reveal the potential mechanisms of a Methotrexate-based therapy against Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Objective: To assess whether a Methotrexate-based therapy could achieve more clinical benefit, we arranged a Simon 2-Stage Phase 1 Trial. Single-cell RNA sequencing and lipidomic profiling were performed to reveal the potential mechanisms.

Methods: Patients were enrolled in an open-label, Simon 2-stage, single-center, single-arm trial at Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine.

Effectiveness and safety of tripterygium glycosides tablet for lupus nephritis: a systematic review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of tripterygium glycosides (TG) tablet for the treatment of Lupus nephritis (LN).

Methods: Several databases were systematically searched including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Wiley, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, SinoMed and Wanfang Library till June 20, 2020. Revman5.

The monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome.

Background: The monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) has been demonstrated as a new marker of inflammation. However, at present, the prognostic value of MHR in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accompanied with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is unclear.

Methods: T2DM patients with NSTE-ACS undergoing PCI were consecutively enrolled from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2014 and divided according to MHR value tertiles.

A case of acute myelogenous leukemia characterized by arterial and venous thrombosis.

Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a malignant disease of the hematopoietic system, characterized by features of bone marrow insufficiency and organ infiltration by leukemic cells. Venous thrombosis in AML patients is uncommon, compared to bleeding; therefore in patients with AML, simultaneous occurrence of venous and arterial thrombosis is a rather rare presentation. We reported an unusual case of anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome secondary to AML characterized by venous and arterial thrombosis.

The Role of Th17/Treg Axis in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention on Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases: A Systematic Review.

The Th17/Treg axis plays a crucial role in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID) and might represent an interesting drug target of treatment strategy for these diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests a role for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the modulation of Th17/Treg axis, but a comprehensive overview which summarizes this field hitherto is lacked. This paper performs a systematic literature review of the regulatory effects of TCM on the imbalance of Th17/Treg axis and its potential mechanisms.

Advanced glycation end products induce proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of human SW480 colon cancer cells through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

The aim of the present study was to determine the mechanism by which advanced glycation end products (AGEs) induce proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human colon cancer SW480 cells. SW480 cells were divided into groups as follows: i) Control; ii) cells treated with AGEs alone; and iii) cells treated with AGEs combined with LY294002. Proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, invasion and migration of SW480 cells were assessed using an MTT assay, flow cytometry, Transwell assays and a wound healing assay, respectively.

Hepatitis B Virus X Protein-Induced ROR Expression to Promote the Migration and Proliferation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Aberrant expression of ROR is implicated in cancer development. A previous study identified that ROR functions as a tumor promoter to drive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth. However, its expression and significance in HCC remain unclear.

Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 sponges miR‑125a‑5p to suppress cardiomyocyte apoptosis via BCL2L12.

Increasing evidence has suggested that long non‑coding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) has critical roles in multiple biological processes; however, few studies have reported on its function in heart disease. The present study indicated that NEAT1 expression is markedly downregulated in cardiomyocytes following ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo and hydrogen peroxide treatment in vitro. Further experiments suggested that ectopic overexpression of NEAT1 suppresses cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide, as assessed by TUNEL assay and flow cytometry.

Hemoglobin A1c and risk of left atrial thrombus and spontaneous echo contrast in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients.

Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and risk of left atrial thrombus/spontaneous echo contrast (LAT/SEC) in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) patients.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 1158 consecutive non-valvular AF patients undergoing transesophageal echocardiography prior to radiofrequency catheter ablation or electric cardioversion were enrolled. Baseline characteristics were collected and analyzed.

A meta-analysis of association of vitamin D receptor BsmI gene polymorphism with the risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) BsmI (rs1544410) gene polymorphism and the risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) from the published reports are still conflicting. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between VDR BsmI gene polymorphism and the risk of T1DM using meta-analysis method. The association studies were identified from PubMed, and Cochrane Library on 1 December 2013, and eligible investigations were included and synthesized using meta-analysis method.

β-Elemene enhances susceptibility to cisplatin in resistant ovarian carcinoma cells via downregulation of ERCC-1 and XIAP and inactivation of JNK.

β-Elemene is a promising new plant-derived drug with broad-spectrum anticancer activity. It also increases cisplatin cytotoxicity and enhances cisplatin sensitivity in resistant human carcinoma cells. However, little is known about the mechanism of its action.

β-Elemene promotes cisplatin-induced cell death in human bladder cancer and other carcinomas.

Cisplatin-based combination treatment is the most effective systemic chemotherapy for bladder cancer; however, resistance to cisplatin remains a significant problem in the treatment of this disease. β-Elemene is a new natural compound that blocks cell-cycle progression and has a broad spectrum of antitumor activity. This study was conducted to explore the potential of β-elemene as a chemosensitizer for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy and potency of cisplatin in bladder cancer and other solid carcinomas.

Enhancement of cisplatin-induced apoptosis by β-elemene in resistant human ovarian cancer cells.

β-Elemene is a new anticancer compound extracted from the Chinese medicinal herb Rhizoma zedoariae. We have shown previously that β-elemene increases cisplatin cytotoxicity and enhances cisplatin sensitivity via blocking cell cycle progression at G2/M phase in resistant ovarian tumor cells. In the current study, we asked whether β-elemene-augmented cisplatin activity in ovarian carcinoma cells is mediated through the induction of apoptosis.

Anticancer activity of β-Elemene and its synthetic analogs in human malignant brain tumor cells.

Malignant brain tumors are aggressive in both children and adults. Despite recent improvements in diagnostic techniques, therapeutic approaches remain disappointing and unsuccessful. There is an urgent need for promising anticancer agents to improve overall survival of patients with brain cancer.

Diagnostic value of 16 cellular tumor markers for metastatic thyroid cancer: an immunohistochemical study.

Background: The prognosis for thyroid cancer differs between metastatic and non-metastatic cases. To identify biomarkers useful for thyroid cancer diagnosis and to establish a marker panel for the early detection of metastatic thyroid carcinoma, this study compared histomorphological features and biomarker expression profiles in thyroid carcinomas according to pathological diagnoses.

Patients And Methods: Thyroid carcinoma samples were obtained from 113 consecutive patients who underwent resection at multiple centers between 2001 and 2008.

Knockdown of RAGE expression inhibits colorectal cancer cell invasion and suppresses angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo.

The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is a transmembrane receptor in cells, and the interaction of RAGE with ligands results in pro-inflammatory gene activation. Aberrant RAGE activation was reported to promote the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. This study aimed to investigate the effects of RAGE on the regulation of cell viability, invasion, and angiogenesis, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms regulating these interactions in colorectal cancer cells.

Palmitic acid-induced apoptosis in pancreatic β-cells is increased by liver X receptor agonist and attenuated by eicosapentaenoate.

Saturated fatty acids are implicated in the development of diabetes via the impairment of pancreatic islet β-cell viability and function. Liver X receptors (LXRs) and eicosapentaenoate (EPA) are known regulators of fatty acid metabolism. However, their roles in the pathogenesis of diabetes remain incompletely understood.

Type 1 receptor parathyroid hormone (PTH1R) influences breast cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis induced by high levels of glucose.

Increased breast cancer incidence parallels the increase in cases of type 2 diabetes. We investigated the effect of type 1 receptor parathyroid hormone (PTH1R) expression on viability and apoptosis of breast cancer cells exposed to high levels of glucose. Upregulation of PTH1R was detected in patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast and diabetes.

[Construction and identification of siRNA recombinant expression vector targeting parathyroid hormone 1 receptor gene and its effect on the cell cycle of INS-1 cells].

Objective: To construct the expression vector of siRNA targeting parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R) gene and evaluate its effect on the cell cycle of INS-1 cells.

Methods: The sequences of PTH1R gene was retrieved from Genbank, and 4 pairs of oligonucleotides were synthesized and inserted into pSUPERretro RNAi, which was identified by RT-PCR and sequence analysis. The vectors were then transfected into INS-1 cells, in which the expression of PTH1R was observed by Western blotting to evaluate the transfection efficiency.

Assessment of biomarkers for clinical diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma with distant metastasis.

Early diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancers are critical for better prognosis and better survival rates. The purpose of this study was to identify potential diagnostic markers for papillary thyroid carcinomas with distant metastasis. Fifty-eight papillary thyroid tumor specimens (27 papillary thyroid carcinomas with distant metastasis and 31 without metastasis) were examined, and protein expression of pituitary tumor-transforming gene (PTTG), E-cadherin, p27kip1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C, metalloproteinase (MMP) 2, MMP9, chemokine receptor CXCR4, and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in these tumors was assessed by immunohistochemistry.