Polarimetric Three-Dimensional Topological Insulators/Organics Thin Film Heterojunction Photodetectors.

As a state of quantum matter with insulating bulk and gapless surface states, topological insulators (TIs) have huge potential in optoelectronic devices. On the other hand, polarization resolution photoelectric devices based on anisotropic materials have overwhelming advantages in practical applications. In this work, the 3D TIs BiTe/organics thin film heterojunction polarimetric photodetectors with high anisotropic mobility ratio, fast response time, high responsivity, and EQE in broadband spectra are presented.

Knockdown of circDENND4C inhibits glycolysis, migration and invasion by up-regulating miR-200b/c in breast cancer under hypoxia.

Background: Hypoxia is a key feature of breast cancer, which affects cancer development, metastasis and metabolism. Previous studies suggested that circular RNAs (circRNAs) could participate in cancer progression and hypoxia regulation. This study aimed to investigate the role of circRNA differentially expressed in normal cells and neoplasia domain containing 4C (circDENND4C) in breast cancer progression under hypoxia.

A wide pH-range stable crystalline framework based on the largest tin-oxysulfide cluster [SnOS].

We report, herein, a diamond-like oxysulfide framework, 3D-T4-SnOS, based on the largest supertetrahedral cluster of Sn ions, i.e. [SnOS].

Assessment of Pig-a, Micronucleus, and Comet Assay Endpoints in Tg.RasH2 Mice Carcinogenicity Study of Aristolochic Acid I.

A newly developed in vivo Pig-a gene mutation assay displays great potential for integration into genotoxicity tests. To obtain more evidence for application of the Pig-a assay, we integrated this assay, micronucleus test in peripheral blood (MN-pb test) and bone marrow (MN-bm test), as well as a Comet assay into a transgenic RasH2 mice carcinogenicity study. Fourteen male RasH2 mice and five wild-type (WT) mice were treated with a strong mutagen aristolochic acid I at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day for 4 consecutive weeks.

A Review: Preparation, Performance, and Applications of Silicon Oxynitride Film.

Silicon oxynitride (SiNO) is a highly promising functional material for its luminescence performance and tunable refractive index, which has wide applications in optical devices, non-volatile memory, barrier layer, and scratch-resistant coatings. This review presents recent developments, and discusses the preparation methods, performance, and applications of SiNO film. In particular, the preparation of SiNO film by chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, and oxynitridation is elaborated in details.

A mitochondria-targeted iridium(iii)-based photoacid generator induces dual-mode photodynamic damage within cancer cells.

A mitochondria-targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent was designed and synthesized. Upon light irradiation, it can produce photoacid and its photolysis products can further sensitize 1O2 generation, causing dual-mode (oxygen-independent and oxygen-dependent) photodynamic damage in mitochondria and killing cancer cells effectively even under hypoxic conditions.

Charge Regulation of Self-Assembled Tubules by Protonation for Efficiently Selective and Controlled Drug Delivery.

Despite the success for targeted delivery in the body, the efficient release without side effects caused by residual drug remains a challenge. For reducing residual drug, the pH-responsive carriers were prepared by self-assembly from aromatic macrocycles, which were non-toxic and biocompatible. The inner surroundings of aromatic macrocycles could be protonated positively by acid inducing the separation of neighboring macrocycles.

Thiuram Vulcanization Accelerators as Polysulfide Scavengers To Suppress Shuttle Effects for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are considered to be one of the most promising alternatives for next-generation high energy-density storage systems. Nevertheless, the notorious "shuttle effect" and sluggish kinetic conversion in actual operation seriously hamper its practical application. Herein, inspired by the action mechanism of vulcanization accelerators, dipentamethylenethiuram tetrasulfide (DPTT) is employed as a novel electrolyte additive.

SMYD2 Drives Mesendodermal Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells Through Mediating the Transcriptional Activation of Key Mesendodermal Genes.

Histone methyltransferases play a critical role in early human development, whereas their roles and precise mechanisms are less understood. SET and MYND domain-containing protein 2 (SMYD2) is a histone lysine methyltransferase induced during early differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), but little is known about its function in undifferentiated hESCs and in their early lineage fate decision as well as underlying mechanisms. Here, we explored the role of SMYD2 in the self-renewal and mesendodermal lineage commitment of hESCs.

CABLES1 Deficiency Impairs Quiescence and Stress Responses of Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Intrinsic and Extrinsic Manners.

Bone marrow (BM) niche cells help to keep adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in a quiescent state via secreted factors and induction of cell-cycle inhibitors. Here, we demonstrate that the adapter protein CABLES1 is a key regulator of long-term hematopoietic homeostasis during stress and aging. Young mice lacking Cables1 displayed hyperproliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells.

Knockdown of KDM1A suppresses tumour migration and invasion by epigenetically regulating the TIMP1/MMP9 pathway in papillary thyroid cancer.

Epigenetic dysregulation plays an important role in cancer. Histone demethylation is a well-known mechanism of epigenetic regulation that promotes or inhibits tumourigenesis in various malignant tumours. However, the pathogenic role of histone demethylation modifiers in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), which has a high incidence of early lymphatic metastasis, is largely unknown.

Author Correction: Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of Alzheimer's disease.

Change history: In this Article, the Acknowledgements section should have included that the work was supported in part by the Cure Alzheimer's Fund (CAF), and the final NIH grant acknowledged should have been 'U01MH119509' instead of 'RF1AG054012'. In Supplementary Table 2, the column labels 'early.pathology.

Publisher Correction: Protein-altering variants associated with body mass index implicate pathways that control energy intake and expenditure in obesity.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Characterization and expression profiles of cyp19a1a in the schizothoracine fish Schizothorax prenanti.

Aromatase plays a central role in ovarian differentiation and development in teleosts. In the present study, we identified a cyp19a1a homologue from the ovary of Schizothorax prenanti and analysed its expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. Cyp19a1a of S.

Tissue-Resident Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Differentiate by Layered Ontogeny and In Situ Perinatal Priming.

The perinatal period is a critical window for distribution of innate tissue-resident immune cells within developing organs. Despite epidemiologic evidence implicating the early-life environment in the risk for allergy, temporally controlled lineage tracing of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) during this period remains unstudied. Using complementary fate-mapping approaches and reporters for ILC2 activation, we show that ILC2s appeared in multiple organs during late gestation like tissue macrophages, but, unlike the latter, a majority of peripheral ILC2 pools were generated de novo during the postnatal window.

Synthesis and Applications of Silver Nanowires for Transparent Conductive Films.

Flexible transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) are widely applied in flexible electronic devices. Among these electrodes, silver (Ag) nanowires (NWs) have gained considerable interests due to their excellent electrical and optical performances. Ag NWs with a one-dimensional nanostructure have unique characteristics from those of bulk Ag.

Surface Engineering of Carbon-Based Microelectrodes for High-Performance Microsupercapacitors.

In this research, the enhancement in electrochemical performance of pyrolyzed carbon microelectrodes by surface modification is investigated. For the proposed microfabrication process, pyrolyzed carbon microelectrodes with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on their surface are obtained by developing GM-1060 photoresist in mixture of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PGMEA) and CNTs, and following pyrolysis of a micropatterned photoresist. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/HSO electrolyte (1 M) was applied to assemble this carbon/CNT microelectrode-based all-solid-state microsupercapacitor (carbon/CNT-MSC).

Structural elucidation, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities of a novel heteropolysaccharide from cultured Paecilomyces cicadae (Miquel.) Samson.

The fine structure and chain conformation of a heteropolysaccharide (PCIPS3) from mycelium of Paecilomyces cicadae were investigated via the analysis of HPLC, IR, methylation, NMR spectroscopy and multiangle light scattering. It was determined to be a 2.23 × 10 g/mol heteropolysaccharide primarily composed of glucose, galactose and mannose in a molar ratio of 23.

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease is a pervasive neurodegenerative disorder, the molecular complexity of which remains poorly understood. Here, we analysed 80,660 single-nucleus transcriptomes from the prefrontal cortex of 48 individuals with varying degrees of Alzheimer's disease pathology. Across six major brain cell types, we identified transcriptionally distinct subpopulations, including those associated with pathology and characterized by regulators of myelination, inflammation, and neuron survival.

Long non-coding RNA ZFAS1 regulates the malignant progression of gastric cancer via the microRNA-200b-3p/Wnt1 axis.

Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor. Studies from our laboratory or others have shown that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) zinc finger antisense (ZFAS)1 often acts as an oncogene. However, the molecular underpinnings of how ZFAS1 regulates gastric cancer remain to be elucidated.

Dexmedetomidine preconditioning attenuates ischemia/reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts with endothelial dysfunction.

Background And Purposes: Dexmedetomidine preconditioning (DP) can mimic pharmacological preconditioning and induce cardiac protection. There are controversies on the roles of coronary endothelia in cardioprotection of dexmedetomidine. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that protection of dexmedetomidine is not endothelial dependent in heart against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.

ZnO Quantum Dots Modified by pH-Activated Charge-Reversal Polymer for Tumor Targeted Drug Delivery.

In this paper, we reported a pH responsive nano drug delivery system (NDDS) based on ZnO quantum dots (QDs) for controlled release of drugs. Zwitterionic poly(carboxybetaine methacrylate) (PCBMA) and poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) were introduced to modify ZnO QDs, which can help enhance water stability, increase blood circulation time, and promote endocytosis. After tuning of PCBMA/PDMAEMA ratios, the ZnO@P(CBMADMAEMA) nanoplatform shows a sensitive switch from strong protein adsorption resistance (with negatively charged surface) at physiological pH to strong adhesion to tumor cell membranes (with positively charged surface) at the slightly acidic extracellular pH of tumors.

An Eco-Friendly Method to Get a Bio-Based Dicarboxylic Acid Monomer 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid and Its Application in the Synthesis of Poly(hexylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PHF).

Recently, we have developed an eco-friendly method for the preparation of a renewable dicarboxylic acid 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) from biomass-based 5-hydroxymethylfrufural (HMF). In the present work, we optimized our reported method, which used phosphate buffer and Fe(OH)₃ as the stabilizer to improve the stability of potassium ferrate, then got a purified FDCA (up to 99%) in high yield (91.7 wt %) under mild conditions (25 °C, 15 min, air atmosphere).

Sb₂S₃@PPy Coaxial Nanorods: A Versatile and Robust Host Material for Reversible Storage of Alkali Metal Ions.

Chalcogenides have attracted great attention as functional materials in optics, electronics, and energy-related applications due to their typical semiconductor properties. Among those chalcogenides, Sb₂S₃ holds great promise in energy storage field, especially as an anode material for alkali metal (Li, Na, and K) batteries. In this work, a one-dimensional coaxial Sb₂S₃@PPy is investigated as a versatile and robust anode in three kinds of alkali metal batteries for the first time, and the energy storage mechanism of these batteries is systematically discussed.

Co-Electrodeposited porous PEDOT-CNT microelectrodes for integrated micro-supercapacitors with high energy density, high rate capability, and long cycling life.

Recently, conducting polymers (CPs) have gained significant attention for their potential applications in micro-supercapacitors (MSCs). Prior to actualizing this potential, however, several critical issues should be resolved, notably their low cycling stability and comparatively low capacitance and energy density. Concurrently, challenges remain in improving the performance of CPs for use in MSCs in terms of their electrical conductivity, energy density, and cycling stability.