Graphitic carbon with increased interlayer spacing derived from low-temperature CO rapid conversion for high-performance potassium storage.

Graphitic carbon has been emerged as one of the most promising anode materials for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) due to its moderate theoretical specific capacity, high electrical conductivity, and outstanding chemical stability. However, the structure of graphitic carbon usually experiences irreversible damage during the charge and discharge process, primarily due to the large radius of potassium ion. In contrast to the traditional preparation methods, we develop a low-carbon approach to obtain graphitic carbon with larger lattice spacing via a rapid chemical conversion between CO and NaAlH at ∼62 °C.

cystatin has protective effects against "two-hit" sepsis in mice by regulating the inflammatory microenvironment.

Objectives: To evaluate the protective effect of cystatin (r-Cystatin) in a mouse mode of "two-hit" sepsis.

Methods: Sixty male C57BL/6 mice randomized equally into sham-operated group, protein group, "two-hit" modeling group, and protein intervention group. In the former two groups, the mice received an intraperitoneal injection of 100 μL PBS followed by exposure of the cecum and then by intraperitoneal injection of 100 μL PBS or 25 μg r-Cystatin 30 min later; In the latter two groups, 100 μL PBS containing LPS (5 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally 24 h before cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and 100 μL PBS or 25 μg r-Cystatin were injected 30 min after CLP.

Entropy Engineering-Modulated D-Band Center of Transition Metal Nitrides for Catalyzing Polysulfide Conversion in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

The sluggish sulfur redox kinetics and severe polysulfide shuttle effect seriously restrict the cycling stability and lower the sulfur utilization of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Efficient catalytic conversion of polysulfides is deemed a crucial strategy to address these issues, but still suffers from an unclear electronic structure-activity relationship and a limited catalysis performance. Herein, entropy engineering-induced electronic state modulation of metal nitride nanoparticles embedded within hollow N-doped carbon (HNC) polyhedra are theoretically and experimentally constructed as a catalyst to accelerate the redox process of sulfur and suppress polysulfide migration in Li-S batteries.

A Novel Panorama Depth Estimation Framework for Autonomous Driving Scenarios Based on a Vision Transformer.

An accurate panorama depth estimation result is crucial to risk perception in autonomous driving practice. In this paper, an innovative framework is presented to address the challenges of imperfect observation and projection fusion in panorama depth estimation, enabling the accurate capture of distances from surrounding images in driving scenarios. First, the Patch Filling method is proposed to alleviate the imperfect observation of panoramic depth in autonomous driving scenarios, which constructs a panoramic depth map based on the sparse distance data provided by the 3D point cloud.

Mechanism of local electric oxidation on two-dimensional MoS for resistive memory application.

The manipulation and mechanism of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) by external electric field are significant to the photoelectric properties. Herein, the 2D MoS nanosheets were oxidized to form MoS-MoO local heterojunctions by an electric field, applied in multistable memristors for the proposal of NanoQR code. A modified thermal oxidation model was derived to reveal the mechanism of local electric oxidation on 2D MoS.

An NMPC-Based Integrated Longitudinal and Lateral Vehicle Stability Control Based on the Double-Layer Torque Distribution.

With the ongoing promotion and adoption of electric vehicles, intelligent and connected technologies have been continuously advancing. Electrical control systems implemented in electric vehicles have emerged as a critical research direction. Various drive-by-wire chassis systems, including drive-by-wire driving and braking systems and steer-by-wire systems, are extensively employed in vehicles.

In Situ Fabrication of High Ionic and Electronic Conductivity Interlayers Enabling Long-Life Garnet-Based Solid-State Lithium Batteries.

Garnet-type LiLaZrTaO (LLZTO) is a promising solid-state electrolyte (SSE) because of its fast ionic conduction and notable chemical/electrochemical stability toward the lithium (Li) metal. However, poor interface wettability and large interface resistance between LLZTO and Li anode greatly restrict its practical applications. In this work, we develop an in situ chemical conversion strategy to construct a highly conductive LiS@C layer on the surface of LLZTO, enabling improved interfacial wettability between LLZTO and the Li anode.

Identifying depression's genetic role as a precursor to sepsis and increased mortality risk: Comprehensive insights from mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Previous retrospective studies have shown a correlation between depression and increased risk of infections, including a moderate rise in sepsis likelihood associated with severe depression and anxiety. To investigate the potential causal links between depression, sepsis, and mortality risks, while considering confounding factors, we employed a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Methods: In this two-sample Mendelian randomization study, we analyzed data from a large-scale genome-wide association study on depression, involving 807,553 European individuals (246,363 cases, 561,190 controls).

Intelligent Vehicle Path Planning Based on Optimized A* Algorithm.

With the rapid development of the intelligent driving technology, achieving accurate path planning for unmanned vehicles has become increasingly crucial. However, path planning algorithms face challenges when dealing with complex and ever-changing road conditions. In this paper, aiming at improving the accuracy and robustness of the generated path, a global programming algorithm based on optimization is proposed, while maintaining the efficiency of the traditional A* algorithm.

RBS and ABS Coordinated Control Strategy Based on Explicit Model Predictive Control.

During the braking process of electric vehicles, both the regenerative braking system (RBS) and anti-lock braking system (ABS) modulate the hydraulic braking force, leading to control conflict that impacts the effectiveness and real-time capability of coordinated control. Aiming to enhance the coordinated control effectiveness of RBS and ABS within the electro-hydraulic composite braking system, this paper proposes a coordinated control strategy based on explicit model predictive control (eMPC-CCS). Initially, a comprehensive braking control framework is established, combining offline adaptive control law generation, online optimized control law application, and state compensation to effectively coordinate braking force through the electro-hydraulic system.

A Vision/Inertial Navigation/Global Navigation Satellite Integrated System for Relative and Absolute Localization in Land Vehicles.

This paper presents an enhanced ground vehicle localization method designed to address the challenges associated with state estimation for autonomous vehicles operating in diverse environments. The focus is specifically on the precise localization of position and orientation in both local and global coordinate systems. The proposed approach integrates local estimates generated by existing visual-inertial odometry (VIO) methods into global position information obtained from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS).

Hierarchical porous carbon materials for lithium storage: preparation, modification, and applications.

Secondary battery as an efficient energy conversion device has been highly attractive for alleviating the energy crisis and environmental pollution. Hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) materials with multiple sizes pore channels are considered as promising materials for energy conversion and storage applications, due to their high specific surface area and excellent electrical conductivity. Although many reviews have reported on carbon materials for different fields, systematic summaries about HPC materials for lithium storage are still rare.

Modulator-assisted solvent-free synthesis of amorphous zirconium terephthalate catalyst for efficient oxidative desulfurization.

Oxidative desulfurization (ODS) emerges as a critical player in enhancing efficient fuel desulfurization and promoting sustainable clean energy. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show great potential as ODS catalysts because of their exceptional porosity and versatility. This study explores the use of amorphous metal-organic frameworks (aMOFs), which combine MOFs' structural advantages with unique properties of amorphous materials, to enhance catalytic efficiency in ODS.

A Fully-Integrated Memristor Chip for Edge Learning.

The fully-integrated memristor chip for edge learning provides a solid foundation for neural network computation. The fully-integrated memristor chip enables efficient object recognition in noisy backgrounds while minimizing energy consumption. The computing-in-memory chip represents an innovative and interdisciplinary technology that extends beyond multiple research domains.

Near-UV Extinction of Submicron Thickness Ice Films in the 290-350 nm Range at 258 K.

Ice clouds affect the energy balance of the atmosphere through absorption, reflection, and scattering of solar radiation. We have developed a new experimental technique to simultaneously measure thin ice film extinction and its thickness (about 0.06-0.

YTHDF2 Is a Therapeutic Target for HCC by Suppressing Immune Evasion and Angiogenesis Through ETV5/PD-L1/VEGFA Axis.

N6-methyladenosine (mA) modification orchestrates cancer formation and progression by affecting the tumor microenvironment (TME). For hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), immune evasion and angiogenesis are characteristic features of its TME. The role of YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 2 (YTHDF2), as an mA reader, in regulating HCC TME are not fully understood.

Preparation of nitrogen-doped activated carbon used for catalytic oxidation removal of HS.

In this study, nitrogen-doped modified activated carbons were synthesized for HS removal from Zhuxi activated carbon and 4,4'-bipyridine as raw material and nitrogen source, respectively. The synthesis strategy was hydrothermal treatment and subsequent NH annealing, and the formation and conversion patterns of the different N configurations were investigated. When the annealing temperatures were 500 °C and 600 °C, N-5 account for the majority.

Liquid-liquid phase separation in Alzheimer's disease.

The pathological aggregation and misfolding of tau and amyloid-β play a key role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying pathological mechanisms remain unclear. Emerging evidences indicate that liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has great impacts on regulating human health and diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases.

Progress and summary of reinforcement learning on energy management of MPS-EV.

The escalating environmental concerns and energy crisis caused by internal combustion engines (ICE) have become unacceptable under environmental regulations and the energy crisis. As a promising alternative solution, multi-power source electric vehicles (MPS-EVs) integrate various clean energy systems to enhance the powertrain efficiency. The energy management strategy (EMS) is plays a pivotal role for MPS-EVs to maximize efficiency, fuel economy, and range.

Intelligent Vehicle Decision-Making and Trajectory Planning Method Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning in the Frenet Space.

The complexity inherent in navigating intricate traffic environments poses substantial hurdles for intelligent driving technology. The continual progress in mapping and sensor technologies has equipped vehicles with the capability to intricately perceive their exact position and the intricate interplay among surrounding traffic elements. Building upon this foundation, this paper introduces a deep reinforcement learning method to solve the decision-making and trajectory planning problem of intelligent vehicles.

NbAlC MAX Nanosheets Supported Ru Nanocrystals as Efficient Catalysts for Boosting pH-Universal Hydrogen Production.

MAX phase combines both ceramic and metallic properties, which exhibits widespread application prospects. 2D MAX nanosheets have more abundant surface-active sites, being anticipated to improve the performance of surface-related applications. Herein, for the first time, 2D NbAlC nanosheets (NSs) as novel supports anchored with Ru catalysts for overall water splitting are developed.