Identification and Functional Analysis of the Gene Conferring Resistance to Late Blight () in Tomato.

Late blight is a destructive disease affecting tomato production. The identification and characterization of resistance (R) genes are critical for the breeding of late blight-resistant cultivars. The incompletely dominant gene confers resistance against the race T of in tomatoes.

Protection of β-pancreatic cells from dysfunctionality of insulin using vitexin by apoptosis of INS-1 cells.

Aims: This study was performed to explore the possible beneficial effects of vitexin on high glucose (HG)-induced cytotoxicity in pancreatic β-cells.

Methods: INS-1 pancreatic β-cell line has used this study. HG-induced (33 Mm) exposed INS-1 cell death; the apoptosis INS-1 cells treated vitexin 10, 20, 40, and 80 µg/mL for 24 hours.