ENDS function as a complement for cigarillos in sexual and gender minority young adult women.

Introduction: Cigarillos are the second most used tobacco product among younger populations. The highest prevalence of use of cigars is among sexual and gender minority (SGM) women. Policy interventions like flavor bans and the availability of alternative tobacco products may have a disparate effect.

Awareness and perceived behaviour changes following the New York state vaping flavour ban, 2021-2022.

Significance: Despite an electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) flavour ban in New York (NY) since May 2020, most youth who vape continue to report vaping restricted flavours. This study aims to examine youth awareness and perceived behaviour change associated with the NY vaping flavour ban.

Methods: NY cross-sectional data from 2021 and 2022 ITC Youth Survey were combined and analysed (N=1014).

Tobacco-Free Oral Nicotine Product Use Among Youth in the U.S., 2019-2021.

Introduction: Novel tobacco-free oral nicotine products are not combusted, easy to conceal, available in flavors, and do not contain tobacco leaf. Since 2016, oral nicotine product sales have increased and may be gaining popularity among youth. This study aims to examine the trends in the prevalence and correlates of oral nicotine product use among U.

Heavy metals in ENDS: a comparison of open versus closed systems purchased from the USA, England, Canada and Australia.

Introduction: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are known to contain heavy metals such as lead (Pb), nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr). The presence of heavy metals in ENDS may be due to contamination of e-liquids or leaching from elements of the ENDS device. This study investigates differences in ENDS metal concentrations between product type, year of purchase, country of purchase and e-liquid flavour.

Exploring the psychometric properties of a tripartite model of risk perception (TRIRISK) in a general U.S. population sample.

Objective: Risk perceptions are key constructs in some theories of health behavior. A tripartite model of risk perception, the TRIRISK model, was developed to assess deliberative, affective, and experiential components of risk perception. The current paper attempts to replicate the factor structure of the TRIRISK measure for cancer and extend the structure to respiratory illness.

E-cigarette and tobacco product use among NYS youth before and after a state-wide vaping flavour restriction policy, 2020-2021.

Significance: Reducing youth e-cigarette use is a New York State (NYS) public health priority. In May 2020, a state-wide restriction on flavoured e-cigarettes, except tobacco flavour, was passed. This study examines changes in nicotine product use behaviour among youth around the time of the state-wide vaping flavour restriction.

Oral Nicotine Product Awareness and Use Among People Who Smoke and Vape in the U.S.

Introduction: Tobacco-free oral nicotine products are an emerging class of noncombustible nicotine products. Oral nicotine product sales have increased since 2016, although little research has investigated consumer awareness, use, or correlates of oral nicotine product use. The purpose of this analysis was to assess the prevalence and correlates of oral nicotine product awareness and use.

Evolution of tobacco products: recent history and future directions.

Declines in cigarette smoking prevalence in many countries and the consolidation of the tobacco industry have prompted the introduction of other forms of nicotine delivery. These include electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), heated tobacco products (HTPs) and oral nicotine products (ONPs). Evolving over time, some of these products now deliver nicotine at levels comparable to cigarettes and may serve as effective substitutes for smokers.

Menthol, Nicotine, and Flavoring Content of Capsule Cigarettes in the US.

Objectives: Characterize physical design features of cigarette brands sold in the US according to the delivery method of menthol that may affect sensory perception among users.

Methods: Twelve cigarette brands, mentholated and non-mentholated, were purchased for analyses of the physical design characteristics, quantification of nicotine and menthol, and identification of flavor additives.

Results: Physical design characteristics did not differ significantly between the various cigarette brands.

Perceptions of Tobacco Product-Specific COVID-19 Risk and Changes in Tobacco Use Behaviors Among Smokers, E-Cigarette Users, and Dual Users.

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a public health crisis, but its effects on tobacco users remain ill-defined. This report aimed to assess the relationship between tobacco product-specific risk perceptions for COVID-19 and changes in tobacco use since the start of the pandemic.

Methods: A sample (n = 776) of past-30 day exclusive smokers (n = 238), exclusive e-cigarette users (n = 143), and dual users (n = 395) residing in the US and aged 18 or older were collected using Mechanical Turk from April 27 to June 8, 2020.

Cross-Sectional Association Between Exclusive and Concurrent Use of Cigarettes, ENDS, and Cigars, the Three Most Popular Tobacco Products, and Wheezing Symptoms Among U.S. Adults.

Introduction: This study assessed the association of exclusive and concurrent use of cigarettes, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), and cigars with ever and past 12-month wheezing symptoms among a nationally representative sample of US adult current tobacco users.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study Wave 3 (W3) were used. The weighted prevalence of self-reported ever and past 12-month wheezing symptoms for noncurrent users compared with users of cigarettes, ENDS, cigars, and any combination of these products (polytobacco use of these tobacco products) were presented for 28 082 adults.

Flavor Inconsistencies between Flavored Tobacco Products among US Adults.

Banning flavors in some tobacco products, while allowing them in others, may shift consumer preferences towards products in which flavors are still allowed. In this study, we examine flavor popularity and inconsistencies in flavor preference across non-cigarette tobacco products among US adults. We used data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study Wave 3 to assess the prevalence of flavor preference for users of non-cigarette tobacco products (N = 9037), as well as flavor inconsistencies between products among polyusers (N = 3183).

Association of flavored electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use with self-reported chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): Results from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study, Wave 4.

Introduction: Flavors other than tobacco flavor have been identified as a major reason for electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) initiation in youth and are thought to contribute to the continued use of ENDS in users of all ages. Our previous research showed a significant association between overall ENDS use and COPD. This study aims to identify the association of ENDS flavor categories with self-reported COPD.

Impact of menthol delivery methods on smoker sensory perceptions.

Introduction: Menthol can be added to cigarettes in several ways; these different delivery methods of menthol may lead to changes in sensory attributes, as well as perceived risk and appeal of these products.

Methods: Using a randomized, controlled study design, 18 current, established menthol smokers were asked to sample Camel Crush and Camel Menthol cigarette products, crushed and uncrushed. Smoking behavior, exhaled carbon monoxide, subjective ratings, and perceived risk measures were assessed for each product.

Menthol Cigarettes and Smoking Cessation among Adult Smokers in the US.

In this study, we identified differences in cessation, nicotine dependence, and quit attempts between smokers using non-menthol cigarettes and smokers using menthol cigarettes differing in menthol delivery method (eg, menthol in the tobacco only, crushable capsules only or both). We analyzed data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, Waves 1 and 2 (W1 and W2), to determine associations of delivery method of menthol with cessation, nicotine dependence, and quit attempts among current adult cigarette smokers. Nearly 40% of US smokers reported using a mentholated cigarette product with most using a product mentholated in the tobacco only.

Are E-Cigarette Flavors Associated with Exposure to Nicotine and Toxicants? Findings from Wave 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study.

Increasing adoption of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has led to numerous concerns about health effects resulting from long-term use [...

Tobacco use and chemosensory impairments among current adult tobacco users in the US: Data from NHANES 2013-2014.

Introduction: Among US adults 40 years and older, about 23% report problems with their ability to smell, and 19% report problems with their ability to taste. Chemosenses are a first line of defence against environmental hazards (e.g.

Use of Flavored E-Cigarettes and the Type of E-Cigarette Devices Used among Adults and Youth in the US-Results from Wave 3 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (2015-2016).

The United States (U.S.) Food and Drug Administration has expressed concern about flavored e-cigarettes (e.

Correlates of Transitions in Tobacco Product Use by U.S. Adult Tobacco Users between 2013⁻2014 and 2014⁻2015: Findings from the PATH Study Wave 1 and Wave 2.

More than half of adult tobacco users in the United States (U.S.) transitioned in tobacco product use between 2013⁻2014 and 2014⁻2015.

Transitions in Tobacco Product Use by U.S. Adults between 2013⁻2014 and 2014⁻2015: Findings from the PATH Study Wave 1 and Wave 2.

In 2013⁻2014, nearly 28% of adults in the United States (U.S.) were current tobacco users with cigarettes the most common product used and with nearly 40% of tobacco users using two or more tobacco products.

Use of flavored electronic cigarette refill liquids among adults and youth in the US-Results from Wave 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (2014-2015).

Introduction: Flavored e-cigarettes are enticing to new users and established cigarette smokers using e-cigarettes to quit smoking due to the wide variety of flavor options. However, specific flavor combinations that are popular among e-cigarette users are understudied. Recently, the Deeming rule extended the US Food and Drug Administration's authority over all tobacco products, including e-cigarettes.

Can Established Vapers Distinguish Different PG:VG Ratios? A Pilot Study.

Objectives: Using the triangle test, this study explores whether established vapers can distinguish small differences between e-liquid propylene glycol: vegetable glycerin (PG:VG) ratios at fixed levels of nicotine and flavor, in order to examine the extent to which solvent ratios affects sensory experiences.

Methods: Watermelon flavored e-liquids (16mg/mL nicotine) used for this study differed in the ratio of PG:VG (30:70, 50:50; 70:30). Current vapers were randomized to one of 3 possible study conditions differing by PG:VG ratio.

Strong preference for mint snus flavor among research participants.

Introduction: The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act of 2009 allows the US FDA to regulate tobacco products, including the banning of characterizing flavors, such as fruit and candy, cigarettes. The availability of mint flavored snus may facilitate the use of the product if consumers find it more palatable with respect to taste, odor, pleasantness, and intensity.

Methods: This study assessed product evaluation (PES), odor identification, odor intensity, and odor hedonics among 151 smokers enrolled in a clinical trial of snus substitution for cigarettes.

Evaluating the utility of subjective effects measures for predicting product sampling, enrollment, and retention in a clinical trial of a smokeless tobacco product.

Introduction: Subjective effects of drugs, representing pharmacological and non-pharmacological effects, have been shown to be associated with future use and abuse. This also is the case for tobacco products and so measuring subjective effects, such as liking, satisfaction, and aversion, is crucial to gaining an understanding of consumer perception leading to increased use. This study examined the predictive validity of subjective drug and product effects with respect to product adoption.

Do brand characteristics contribute significantly to variability in toxicant exposure in smokers? Data from NHANES 2007-2012.

Introduction: This study sought to quantify the difference in serum cotinine and other biomarkers indicative of cigarette smoking in current US cigarette smokers attributable to brand level versus individual level factors.

Methods: A total of 2,558 daily exclusive smokers, 20 years and older in the United States participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2007-2012 and provided biospecimens and cigarette brand information. Biomakers of interest were serum cotinine, and urinary NNAL, PAHs, and heavy metals.