Interactive effects of sedimentary turbidity and elevated water temperature on the Pugnose Shiner (), a threatened freshwater fish.

High turbidity and elevated water temperature are environmental stressors that can co-occur in freshwater ecosystems such as when deforestation increases solar radiation and sedimentary runoff. However, we have limited knowledge about their combined impacts on fish behaviour and physiology. We explored independent and interactive effects of sedimentary turbidity and temperature on the swimming activity and both thermal and hypoxia tolerance of the Pugnose Shiner (, formerly ), a small leuciscid fish listed as Threatened under Canada's Species at Risk Act (SARA).

Maternal gastrointestinal nematode infection enhances spatial memory of uninfected juvenile mouse pups.

The developing brain is particularly vulnerable to factors including maternal infection during pregnancy. Establishment of neural networks critical for memory and cognition begins during the perinatal period, when Heligmosomoides bakeri, a gastrointestinal (GI) nematode restricted to the maternal mouse intestine, has been shown to upregulate expression of long-term potentiation genes in the young rodent pup brain. We explored the impact of maternal infection during pregnancy and early lactation on the spatial behavior of uninfected male and female juvenile mice.