Lactic Acid Bacteria Surface Proteins in the Mechanisms of Cell Adhesion and Immunoregulation.

This study delves into the role of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) surface proteins in cell adhesion and immunoregulation. Using fluorescence microscopy, we observed distinct adhesion patterns on various cell types. LAB surface proteins demonstrated concentration-dependent inhibition of Salmonella adhesion, with LAB69 exhibiting potent antagonistic effects.

Black soybean peptide mediates the AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway to alleviate Alzheimer's-related neuroinflammation in lead-exposed HT22 cells.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by hyperphosphorylation of tau, neuroinflammation, and amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques. Lead (Pb) exposure has been linked to an increased risk of AD and neuroinflammation. The purpose of this study is to determine if black soybean peptide (BSP1) may reduce neuroinflammation caused by Pb and associated AD-like pathology.

Effects of different processing methods on phenolic compounds in flaxseed meal.

This study examined effects of different processing methods on phenolic compounds in flaxseed meal. The optimal SE treatment was 1.0 MPa for 3 min, and the contents of total flavonoids and phenolic acid were 2.

A broad-spectrum antibody-based lateral flow immunoassay for detection of carbofuran and 3-hydroxy-carbofuran.

Simultaneous detection of carbofuran (CBF) and 3-hydroxy carbofuran (3-OH-CBF) in fruits and vegetables is important due to their high toxicity and widespread use in pest control. However, most lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) approaches only detection CBF. To overcome this limitation, two haptens, 6-((2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)oxy)hexanoic acid and 6-((((2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydroben zofuran-7-yl)oxy)carbonyl)amino)hexanoic acid, named H1 and H2, were designed for broad-spectrum antibody detection of CBF and 3-OH-CBF.

An intelligent device with double fluorescent carbon dots based on smartphone for visual and point-of-care testing of Copper(II) in water and food samples.

The excessive presence of Cu could be harmful to human health. Therefore, a ratiometric fluorescence sensor based on multicolor fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) was developed for Cu detection. The blue and yellow carbon dots (B-CDs/Y-CDs) were synthesized by one-step hydrothermal method.

Functional peptide conjugated ordered gold nanoparticles based rational electrochemical immunosensor for highly stable and selective detection of zearalenone.

To integrate antifouling properties and good sensitivity on the sensing interface can improve the applicability of an electrochemical immunosensor. These functional regions can be integrated into a single functional peptide (functPP). The rational designed three domains in functPP were the anchoring, antifouling and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) recognizing domains.

Nanometal surface energy transfer-based lateral flow immunoassay for T2 toxin detection.

In this study, we incorporated nanometal surface energy transfer (NSET) in lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) and explored the relationship between fluorescence quenching efficiency and detection sensitivity to improve sensitivity of NSET-LFIA system. We developed nine gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with absorption spectrum in the range of 520-605 nm as acceptors and quantum dot microspheres (QDMs) with emission spectrum of 530, 570, and 610 nm as donors. By analyzing the overlap integral area, fluorescence quenching efficiency, and detection sensitivity of 27 donor-acceptor pairs, we observed that the larger overlap integral area led to higher fluorescence quenching efficiency and detection sensitivity.

Flaxseed polyphenols: Effects of varieties on its composition and antioxidant capacity.

This study identified phenolic compounds in five flaxseed varieties and evaluated their antioxidant activities. Results showed significant variations in phenolic acids and flavonoids among the varieties. Longya 16 had the lowest flavonoid content, Longya 13 had the lowest phenolic acid content, while Longya 10 exhibited the highest content and diversity of polyphenols, including six flavonoids (vitexin, quercitrin, quercetin, apigenin, kaempfero1, (+)-dihydroquercetin) and five phenolic acids (gallic acid, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, sinapic acid, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid).

EuHDZ25 positively affects rubber biosynthesis by targeting EuFPS1 in Eucommia leaves.

Eucommia ulmoides is a temperate gum source plant that produces trans-polyisoprene (TPI), also known as Eucommia rubber. The structural configuration and function of TPI offer a new material with important potential for industrial development. In this study, we detected the TPI content in the leaves of diploid and triploid E.

Changes in physio-biochemical metabolism, phenolics and antioxidant capacity during germination of different wheat varieties.

Changes in physio-biochemical metabolism, phenolics and antioxidant capacity during germination were studied in eight different wheat varieties. Results showed that germination enhanced sprout growth, and caused oxidative damage, but enhanced phenolics accumulation. Ferulic acid and -coumaric acid were the main phenolic acids in wheat sprouts, and dihydroquercetin, quercetin and vitexin were the main flavonoids.

Positive regulation of the Eucommia rubber biosynthesis-related gene EuFPS1 by EuWRKY30 in Eucommia ulmoides.

Eucommia rubber is a secondary metabolite from Eucommia ulmoides that has attracted much attention because of its unique properties and enormous potential for application. However, the transcriptional mechanism regulating its biosynthesis has not yet been determined. Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase is a key enzyme in the Eucommia rubber biosynthesis.

The Pea Oligosaccharides Could Stimulate the In Vitro Proliferation of Beneficial Bacteria and Enhance Anti-Inflammatory Effects via the NF-κB Pathway.

The oligosaccharides extracted from the seeds of peas, specifically consisting of raffinose, stachyose, and verbascose, fall under the category of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs). The effect of RFOs on intestinal microflora and the anti-inflammatory mechanism were investigated by in vitro fermentation and cell experiments. Firstly, mouse feces were fermented in vitro and different doses of RFOs (0~2%) were added to determine the changes in the representative bacterial community, PH, and short-chain fatty acids in the fermentation solution during the fermentation period.

Evaluating the Potential Safety Risk of Plant-Based Meat Analogues by Analyzing Microbial Community Composition.

Plant-based meat analogues offer an environmentally and scientifically sustainable option as a substitute for animal-derived meat. They contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, freshwater consumption, and the potential risks associated with zoonotic diseases linked to livestock production. However, specific processing methods such as extrusion or cooking, using various raw materials, can influence the survival and growth of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms, resulting in differences between plant-based meat analogues and animal meat.

Production of monoclonal antibody against tylosin and tilmicosin with homogeneous cross-reactivity and its application in lateral flow immunoassay.

To avoid false negative results due to the low cross-reactivity rate (CR) in rapid immunoassay, a group-specific antibody with homogeneous CR toward target compounds is needed for accuracy. In this study, tylosin (TYL) and tilmicosin (TM) were selected as model molecules. Firstly, two-dimensional similarity, electrostatic potential energy, spatial conformation and charge distribution of the haptens TYL-CMO, TYL-6-ACA, TYL-4-APA, TYL-CHO and DES-CMO and target compounds of TYL and TM were obtained using Gaussian 09W and Discovery Studio.

Effect of 2'-Fucosyllactose on Beige Adipocyte Formation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and C3H10T1/2 Cells.

2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL), the functional oligosaccharide naturally present in milk, has been shown to exert health benefits. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) on the browning of white adipose tissue in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C3H10T1/2 cells. The results revealed that 2'-FL decreased lipid accumulations with reduced intracellular triglyceride contents in vitro.

Development of a monoclonal antibody-based lateral flow immunoassay for the detection of benzoic acid in liquid food.

To monitor benzoic acid (BA) residues in liquid food samples, a monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) was developed in this study. First, 2-aminobenzoic acid (2-AA), 3-aminobenzoic acid (3-AA), and 4-aminobenzoic acid (4-AA) were conjugated to BSA and used as immunogens. After cell fusion, mAb 6D8 from 4-AA-BSA performed best with an IC value of 0.

GABA Application Enhances Drought Stress Tolerance in Wheat Seedlings ( L.).

In this study, the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on physio-biochemical metabolism, phenolic acid accumulation, and antioxidant system enhancement in germinated wheat under drought stress was investigated. The results showed that exogenous GABA reduced the oxidative damage in wheat seedlings caused by drought stress and enhanced the content of phenolics, with 1.0 mM being the most effective concentration.

A self-assembled DNA double-crossover-based fluorescent aptasensor for highly sensitivity and selectivity in the simultaneous detection of aflatoxin M and aflatoxin B.

Realizing the simultaneous speedy detection of multiple mycotoxins in contaminated food and feed is of great practical importance in the domain of food manufacturing and security. Herein, a fluorescent aptamer sensor based on self-assembled DNA double-crossover was developed and used for effective simultaneous quantitative detection of aflatoxins M and B by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Fluorescent dye-modified aflatoxin M and B aptamers are selected as recognition elements and signal probes, and DNA double crosses are consistently locked by the aflatoxin aptamers, which results in a "turn-off" of the fluorescent signal.

Development of a Lateral Flow Immunoassay Based on a Highly Specific Monoclonal Antibody To Detect 4-Methylaminoantipyrine.

To avoid false-positive results in immunoassays due to cross-reactivity of antibodies with structural analogues, especially metabolites of target compounds, the preparation of highly specific antibodies is crucial. Preserving the characteristic structure of a target compound when designing a hapten is important when preparing highly specific antibodies. Here, we designed a novel hapten, 4-(((1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1-pyrazol-4yl)amino)methyl)benzoic acid, named AA-BA, to improve the specificity of antibodies for detection of 4-methylaminoantipyrine (MAA), a residual marker of dipyrone, an important antipyretic-analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug.

Differential expression of SLC30A10 and RAGE in mouse pups by early life lead exposure.

Background: SLC30A10 and RAGE are widely recognized as pivotal regulators of Aβ plaque transport and accumulation. Prior investigations have established a link between early lead exposure and cerebral harm in offspring, attributable to Aβ buildup and amyloid plaque deposition. However, the impact of lead on the protein expression of SLC30A10 and RAGE has yet to be elucidated.

Antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, and antihyperlipidemic properties of S. Y. Hu leaves in experimental animals: modulation of thioredoxin and glutathione systems, renal water reabsorption, and gut microbiota.

Introduction: Excessive calorie intake and physical inactivity have dramatically increased nutrient overload-associated disease, becoming a global public health issue. S. Y.

A highly sensitive lateral flow immunoassay based on a group-specific monoclonal antibody and amorphous carbon nanoparticles for detection of sulfonamides in milk.

To meet high-throughput screening of the residues of sulfonamides (SAs) with high sensitivity toward sulfamethazine (SM2) in milk samples, a new highly sensitive lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) based on amorphous carbon nanoparticles (ACNs) was developed. First, a group-specific monoclonal antibody 10H7 (mAb 10H7) that could recognize 25 SAs with high sensitivity toward SM2 (IC value of 0.18 ng/mL) was prepared based on H1 as an immune hapten and H4 as a heterologous coating hapten.