Extinction and stationary distribution of a competition system with distributed delays and higher order coupled noises.

A stochastic two-species competition system with saturation effect and distributed delays is formulated, in which two coupling noise sources are incorporated and every noise source has effect on two species' intrinsic growth rates in nonlinear form. By transforming the two-dimensional system with weak kernel into an equivalent four-dimensional system, sufficient conditions for extinction of two species and the existence of a stationary distribution of the positive solutions to the system are obtained. Our main results show that the two coupling noises play a significant role on the long time behavior of system.

Basic reproduction number and predicted trends of coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic in the mainland of China.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a serious epidemic around the world, but it has been effectively controlled in the mainland of China. The Chinese government limited the migration of people almost from all walks of life. Medical workers have rushed into Hubei province to fight against the epidemic.

Physiopathology of multiple organ dysfunctions in severely monocrotophos-poisoned rabbits.

Objective: Acute organophosphorus pesticides poisoning has a serious threat on people's health. This study aimed to investigate the pathogenesis and molecular mechanism of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in severely monocrotophos-poisoned rabbits.

Methods: Chinchilla rabbits were used to build the monocrotophos-poisoned animal model via subcutaneous abdominal injection.

Hepatitis B virus infection contributes to oxidative stress in a population exposed to aflatoxin B1 and high-risk for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Biomarkers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure and oxidative stress were detected in 71 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and 694 controls from southern China. Plasma level of AFB1-albumin-adducts (AAA) and protein carbonyl content (PCC) were significantly higher in the 71 HCC cases than in any age/gender matched HBV sero-status groups (p<0.001).

Evaluation of oxidative stress in a group of adolescents exposed to a high level of aflatoxin B1--a multi-center and multi-biomarker study.

The association between aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure and oxidative stress was extensively examined in 84 adolescents from an area at high risk for hepatocellular carcinoma in China. Plasma level of aflatoxin B1-albumin adducts (AAAs) was associated with AFB1 excretion in urine (r = 0.394, P < 0.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon- and aflatoxin-albumin adducts, hepatitis B virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan.

To determine the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, a case-control study nested within a community-based cohort was conducted in Taiwan. Baseline blood samples, collected from a total of 174 HCC cases and 776 matched controls, were used to determine the level of PAH-albumin adducts by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the effect of PAH-albumin adducts on risk of HCC.

Is correction for protein concentration appropriate for protein adduct dosimetry? Hypothesis and clues from an aflatoxin B1-exposed population.

Protein adducts are useful biomarkers for assessing exposure, metabolism and risk of carcinogens. Aflatoxin B1-albumin adducts (AAA) and protein carbonyl content (PCC) have long been used for assessing aflatoxin exposure and oxidative stress to proteins, and the quantitative data are almost exclusively expressed per mg protein. Given the large variation in protein concentrations in plasma among populations, this may not be the most appropriate method.

Urinary 8-oxodeoxyguanosine, aflatoxin B1 exposure and hepatitis B virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan.

To evaluate the role of oxidative stress and aflatoxin exposure on risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a case-control study nested within a community-based cohort was conducted in Taiwan. Baseline urine samples, collected from a total of 74 HCC cases and 290 matched controls, were used to determine by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays the level of urinary excretion of 8-oxodeoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage and urinary aflatoxin B(1) metabolites, a biomarker of aflatoxin exposure. Multivariate-adjusted linear regression analysis showed that urinary aflatoxin metabolites and gender were significantly associated with level of urinary 8-oxodG among controls.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-DNA adducts and breast cancer: a pooled analysis.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-DNA adducts have been associated with breast cancer in several small studies. The authors' pooled analysis included 873 cases and 941 controls from a population-based case-control study. Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in peripheral mononuclear cells was conducted in 2 rounds, and results were pooled on the basis of round-specific quantiles.

Residential environmental exposures and other characteristics associated with detectable PAH-DNA adducts in peripheral mononuclear cells in a population-based sample of adult females.

The detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-DNA adducts in human lymphocytes may be useful as a surrogate end point for individual cancer risk prediction. In this study, we examined the relationship between environmental sources of residential PAH, as well as other potential factors that may confound their association with cancer risk, and the detection of PAH-DNA adducts in a large population-based sample of adult women. Adult female residents of Long Island, New York, aged at least 20 years were identified from the general population between August 1996 and July 1997.

Associated factors in modulating aflatoxin B1-albumin adduct level in three Chinese populations.

To elucidate the potential factors modulating exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in three Chinese populations, an epidemiologic study was conducted in Fusui County and Nanning City of Guangxi Province and Chengdu City of Sichuan Province. The incidence rates of hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) for males in these three regions were 92-97 per 100,000, 32-47 per 100,000, and 21 per 100,000, respectively. Eighty-nine residents from Fusui, 196 residents from Nanning, and 118 residents from Chengdu were screened for AFB1-albumin adduct (AAA) levels and hepatitis virus (HBV, HCV, HDV, HEV, and HGV) infections, as well as liver biochemistry (alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alkaline phosphatase [ALP], y-glutamyl transpeptidase [GGT], 5'-nucleotidase, globulin [GLO], direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, and bile acid levels).

[Non-myeloperoxidase-mediated system activity of neutrophil in newborn infants].

Objective: To evaluate the variety of non-myeloperoxidase-mediated system activity of neutrophils in newborns during bacterial infection and the effect of cord plasma on the activation of non-myeloperoxidase-mediated system.

Methods: An infection model with Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-DNA adducts among rickshaw drivers in Dhaka City, Bangladesh.

This paper describes findings from a recently completed study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure among city dwellers of Dhaka, Bangladesh. We measured PAH-DNA adducts in white blood cells (WBCs) as a marker of environmental and occupational PAH exposure in 46 rickshaw drivers (who pedal commercial unshielded three-wheelers for passenger transport) and 48 non-rickshaw drivers (comparison group) in Dhaka city. We performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to quantify immunologically the WBC PAH-DNA adducts.

A cross-sectional study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-DNA adducts and polymorphism of glutathione S-transferases among heavy smokers by race/ethnicity.

Differences in lung cancer risk by race/ethnicity have been observed among smokers. To determine whether these observations might reflect differences in the formation of carcinogen-DNA adducts, we analysed blood specimens (n=151) collected from smokers who were recruited for possible participation in an antioxidant vitamin intervention study. Mononuclear cells were analysed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-DNA adducts by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Removal of benzo(a)pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE)-DNA adducts as a measure of DNA repair capacity in lymphoblastoid cell lines from sisters discordant for breast cancer.

The mutagen sensitivity assay is one of the approaches used to investigate individual DNA repair capacity. This method is based on the premise that after in vitro treatment with a test mutagen, DNA from subjects with defective repair will be more damaged than DNA from those with an efficient repair system. However, very little is known about unmeasured processes that occur between cell treatment and final assessment of DNA damage.

Environmental toxins and breast cancer on Long Island. I. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon DNA adducts.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are potent mammary carcinogens in rodents, but their effect on breast cancer development in women is not clear. To examine whether currently measurable PAH damage to DNA increases breast cancer risk, a population-based case-control study was undertaken on Long Island, NY. Cases were women newly diagnosed with in situ and invasive breast cancer; controls were randomly selected women frequency matched to the age distribution of cases.