Association of dietary choline intake with incidence of dementia, Alzheimer disease, and mild cognitive impairment: a large population-based prospective cohort study.

Background: Choline, an essential nutrient, plays a critical role in cognition, and may help prevent dementia and mild cognitive impairment. However, studies on dietary choline and its derivatives for preventing these conditions are limited and inconsistent.

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the associations between dietary choline intake and the incidence of dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and current cognitive performance in the United Kingdom Biobank cohort.

Association of Combined Healthy Lifestyle Factors With Incident Dementia in Participants With and Without Multimorbidity: A Large Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: The effect of a healthy lifestyle on dementia associated with multimorbidity is not well understood. Our objective is to examine whether the adoption of a healthy lifestyle could potentially reduce the elevated risk of dementia in individuals with and without multimorbidity.

Methods: We utilized data from the UK Biobank cohort.

Structure, Antioxidant Activity and In Vitro Hypoglycemic Activity of a Polysaccharide Purified from .

The structure, antioxidant activity and hypoglycemic activity in vitro of a novel homogeneous polysaccharide from (Tmp) were investigated. Structural features suggested that Tmp was consisted of arabinose (Ara), mannose (Man), glucose (Glc) and galactose (Gal) with a molar ratio of 1.9:13.

Preliminary evaluation and discussion of the safety of left innominate vein resection.

Background: To evaluate the safety of resection of anterior mediastinal lesions involving the left innominate vein (LIV) and analyze the risk factors affecting LIV resection safety.

Methods: Patients who underwent anterior mediastinal lesion and LIV resection from January 2010 to December 2018 in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, were followed up, and preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative factors were analyzed.

Results: Forty-eight patients who underwent anterior mediastinal lesion and LIV resection from January 2010 to December 2018, except for 2 who died of lung infection-induced respiratory failure, were followed up, with an average follow-up time of 32 months (range, 6-72 months).

Increased preventive effect on colon carcinogenesis by use of resistant starch (RS3) as the carrier for polysaccharide of Larimichthys crocea swimming bladder.

The preventive effect of polysaccharide of Larimichthys crocea swimming bladder (PLCSB) and the increase of this effect by use of resistant starch (RS3) as the carrier for PLCSB on azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-inducing colon carcinogenesis in C57BL/6 mice has been studied. RS3 microspheres carrying PLCSB (RS3 + PLCSB) were produced and evaluated as a potentially improved colon carcinogenesis therapy for this study. The body weight, colon length, and colon weight of mice were determined, and colonic tissues were histologically observed.

[Chemical constituents of Paederia pertomentosa].

Five constituents were extracted from the aerial part of Paederia pertomentosa and isolated by column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data analysis. The isolated compounds were identified as 1,2-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone named as paederone (1), paederoside (2), deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester (3), paederosidic acid (4) and methylpaederosidate (5).

Differential regulation and recovery of intracellular Ca2+ in cerebral and small mesenteric arterial smooth muscle cells of simulated microgravity rat.

Background: The differential adaptations of cerebrovasculature and small mesenteric arteries could be one of critical factors in postspaceflight orthostatic intolerance, but the cellular mechanisms remain unknown. We hypothesize that there is a differential regulation of intracellular Ca(2+) determined by the alterations in the functions of plasma membrane Ca(L) channels and ryanodine-sensitive Ca(2+) releases from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in cerebral and small mesenteric vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of simulated microgravity rats, respectively.

Methodology/principal Findings: Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 28-day hindlimb unweighting to simulate microgravity.