Therapeutic Targeting of P2X Receptors for Orofacial Pain.

P2X receptors (P2XRs), membrane ion channels activated by extracellular adenosine 5' -triphosphate (ATP), play a pivotal role in nociception by directly promoting pain signaling. Currently, antagonists targeting P2XRs have taken effect in alleviating various pain. The therapeutic potential of the P2X receptor family has become a central focus.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Mediator Complex Subunit Gene Family in Cassava.

The Mediator complex (MED) functions as a co-activator in plants, transmitting transcriptional signals to regulate gene expression, including responses to environmental stresses. While the MED gene family has been identified in several species, it has not yet been reported in cassava. In this study, we identified 32 members of the gene family in cassava ( Crantz) distributed across 13 chromosomes.

Enhanced exosome secretion regulated by microglial P2X7R in the medullary dorsal horn contributes to pulpitis-induced pain.

Background: Pulpitis is a prevalent oral disease characterized by severe pain. The activation of microglia in the medullary dorsal horn (MDH) is reportedly essential for the central sensitization mechanism associated with pulpitis. The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) on microglia can trigger the secretion of exosomes enriched with IL-1β, which is involved in inflammation.

Nanozymes: a promising solution for dental antibacterial applications.

Dental diseases pose significant public health challenges globally, affecting millions with conditions exacerbated by microbial-induced inflammation. Traditional natural enzymes, despite their antibacterial and anti-inflammatory capabilities, are limited by operational stability and environmental sensitivity. This review explores the revolutionary realm of nanozyme-artificial enzymes made from nanomaterials-which offer enhanced stability, cost-effectiveness, and ease of modification.

Experts consensus on management of tooth luxation and avulsion.

Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) of teeth occur frequently in children and adolescents. TDIs that impact the periodontal tissues and alveolar tissue can be classified into concussion, subluxation, extrusive luxation, intrusive luxation, lateral luxation, and avulsion. In these TDIs, management of injured soft tissue, mainly periodontal ligament, and dental pulp, is crucial in maintaining the function and longevity of the injured teeth.

VUV Activated Fe(VI) by Promoting the Generation of Intermediate Valent Iron and Hydroxyl Radicals.

In this study, vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) was first proposed to activate ferrate (Fe(VI)) for degrading micropollutants (e.g., carbamazepine (CBZ)).

Mechanism of Jizhi syrup's prevention and treatment of acute bronchitis based on LPS-iNOS inflammatory mediators' signalling.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Jizhi syrup (JZTJ) is composed of eight medicinal herbs, including Houttuynia cordata, Fagopyrum dibotrys, Ilex chinensis, Ephedra sinica, Aster tataricus, Peucedanum praeruptorum, Citrus aurantium and Glycyrrhiza uralensis. It is mainly used for coughing caused by exogenous wind heat. Symptoms include fever, aversion to cold, chest and diaphragm tightness, cough and sore throat; and acute bronchitis and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis with the above symptoms.

Dissecting the molecular basis of the ultra-large grain formation in rice.

The shape of rice grains not only determines the thousand-grain weight but also correlates closely with the grain quality. Here we identified an ultra-large grain accession (ULG) with a thousand-grain weight exceeding 60 g. The integrated analysis of QTL, BSA, de novo genome assembled, transcription sequencing, and gene editing was conducted to dissect the molecular basis of the ULG formation.

Purple sweet potato anthocyanins normalize the blood glucose concentration and restore the gut microbiota in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: This study investigated the effects of purple sweet potato anthocyanins (PSPA) in a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mouse model.

Methods: Sixty-five male mice were randomly divided into one control group and four experimental groups, which were fed with a high-fat diet and intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce T2DM. The model mice were treated with 0 (M), 227.

, a Novel Allele of , Regulates Grain Size in Rice.

Grain size has an important effect on rice yield. Although several key genes that regulate seed size have been reported in rice, their molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, a rice small grain size 2 () mutant was identified, and MutMap resequencing analysis results showed that a 2 bp insertion in the second exon of the gene resulted in a grain length and width lower than those of the wild-type Teqing (TQ).

One case of complicated crown root fracture of upper anterior teeth managed by multidisciplinary joint approaches.

Complicated crown root fracture is a serious combined fracture of the enamel, dentin, and cementum in dental trauma. The treatment method is complicated. During the procedure, the condition of pulp, periodontal, and tooth body should be thoroughly evaluated, and a multidisciplinary approach combined with sequential treatment is recommended.

N-terminal domain truncation yielded a unique dimer of polysaccharide hydrolase with enhanced enzymatic activity, stability and calcium ion independence.

Domain engineering, including domain truncation, fusion, or swapping, has become a common strategy to improve properties of enzymes, especially glycosyl hydrolases. However, there are few reports explaining the mechanism of increased activity from a protein structure perspective. Amy703 is an alkaline amylase with a unique N-terminal domain.

Enhancing Vasculogenesis in Dental Pulp Development: DPSCs-ECs Communication via FN1-ITGA5 Signaling.

Background: Dental pulp regeneration therapy is a challenge to achieve early vascularization during treatment. Studying the regulatory mechanisms of vascular formation during human dental pulp development may provide insights for related therapies. In this study, we utilized single-cell sequencing analysis to compare the gene expression of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and vascular endothelial cells (ECs) from developing and mature dental pulps.

Combined Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiling of the Mouse Anterior Cingulate Cortex Identifies Potential Therapeutic Targets for Pulpitis-Induced Pain.

Pulpitis is a common dental emergency that presents with intense pain; there is still no specific medicine to treat pulpitis-induced pain to date. Herein, differentially expressed genes in mouse anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) were investigated 7 days after pulp exposure via a combination of high-throughput transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. We screened 34 key genes associated with 8 critical pathways.

AMHGCN: Adaptive multi-level hypergraph convolution network for human motion prediction.

Human motion prediction is the key technology for many real-life applications, e.g., self-driving and human-robot interaction.

Anti-Colorectal Cancer Effects of Fucoidan Complex-Based Functional Beverage Through Retarding Proliferation, Cell Cycle and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Signaling Pathways.

Background: -derived fucoidan, a multifunctional bioactive polysaccharide sourced from marine organisms, exhibits a wide range of therapeutic properties, including its anti-tumor effects. While previous research has reported on its anti-cancer potential, limited studies have explored its synergistic capabilities when combined with other natural bioactive ingredients. In this current study, we present the development of an integrative functional beverage, denoted as VMW-FC, which is composed of a fucoidan complex (FC) along with a blend of various herbal components, including vegetables (V), mulberries and fruits (M), and spelt wheat (W).

Clinical application of a digital semi-rigid bridge space maintainer fabricated from polyetheretherketone for premature loss of primary molars.

Background: Premature loss of primary molars can be treated with a band loop space maintainer (SM). However, fabricating a conventional band loop SM requires multiple clinical and laboratory procedures, which can potentially affect the accuracy of the SM. Moreover, the conventional SM is unable to fully restore masticatory function and maintain the vertical dimension of the edentulous space.

Involvement of microglial P2X7 receptor in pain modulation.

Background: Pain is a rapid response mechanism that compels organisms to retreat from the harmful stimuli and triggers a repair response. Nonetheless, when pain persists for extended periods, it can lead to adverse changes into in the individual's brain, negatively impacting their emotional state and overall quality of life. Microglia, the resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS), play a pivotal role in regulating a variety of pain-related disorders.

Validation of a real-time biliopancreatic endoscopic ultrasonography analytical device in China: a prospective, single-centre, randomised, controlled trial.

Background: Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is a key procedure for the diagnosis of biliopancreatic diseases. However, the performance among EUS endoscopists varies greatly and leads to blind spots during the operation, which can impair the health outcomes of patients. We previously developed an artificial intelligence (AI) device that accurately identified EUS standard stations and significantly reduced the difficulty of ultrasonography image interpretation.

Preoperative automatic reminder systems and impact on quality and compliance with colonoscopy preparation: A multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: Traditional preoperative reminding services have been applied to enhance the quality of bowel preparation for colonoscopy. In this study we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an automated electronic reminder system (E-reminder) on improving bowel preparation and the quality of preoperative education before colonoscopy.

Methods: From August 2021 to March 2022, 833 outpatients aged 50-75 years who underwent colonoscopy were included and randomly assigned to the E-reminder group and the control group.

Reply to Correspondence on "Structural Insight into the Catalytic Mechanism of the Endoperoxide Synthase FtmOx1''.

The high-resolution X-ray crystal structure of the ternary complex FtmOx1 ⋅ 2OG ⋅ fumitremorgin B and the catalytic mechanism were recently reported by us (DOI 10.1002/anie.202112063).