Exploring Fully Biobased Adhesives: Sustainable Kraft Lignin and 5-HMF Adhesive for Particleboards.

Most adhesives used in the wood-based panel (WBP) industry are petroleum-based and are associated with environmental impact and price fluctuations. Furthermore, most have potential adverse health impacts, such as formaldehyde emissions. This has led to interest from the WBP industry in developing adhesives with bio-based and/or non-hazardous components.