[Combined determination of spontaneous and antigen-induced production of cytokines for differential diagnostics of active tuberculosis of lungs and latent tuberculosis infection].

Aim: Choice of informative biomarkers for diagnostics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and differential diagnostics of active tuberculosis (TB) of lungs and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI).

Materials And Methods: 54 tuberculosis patients, 47 contact by TB, individuals and 43 healthy donors were examined. All the individuals included into the study had QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (Cellestis, Australia) carried out.

[Immunology of tuberculosis: current status].

The paper outlines the high-priority trends in basic and applied investigations of antituberculous immunity. It presents the results obtained from studies of the genetic mechanisms responsible for the control of susceptibility in experimental tuberculosis, from analyses of novel chemical and recombinant tuberculosis vaccines, from examinations of the role of immunological memory in the disease. While describing the results of tuberculosis immunodiagnosis, particular emphasis is laid on its major aspects: on the differential diagnosis of tuberculosis and other lung diseases and on the screening of high-risk group populations for disease progression in order to made further in-depth studies.

[Suppression of delayed hypersensitivity to microbial and transplantation antigens with ultraviolet radiation].

The influence of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on delayed hypersensitivity to antigens of different nature has been studied. UV radiation in different doses has been shown to induce the suppression of delayed hypersensitivity to staphylococcal cell-wall antigens and transplantation alloantigens.

[Tolerance to a xenotransplant in an adoptive system].

Splenocytes of mice tolerant to rat neonatal heart graft were unable to respond to rat blood cells (RBC) when transferred adoptively to lethally irradiated syngeneic recipients 10 or 30 days after tolerogenic treatment. Early after induction of tolerance spleen cells of experimental mice were also unable to respond to sheep red blood cells. However, they responded vigorously to goose red blood cells.

[Delayed-type hypersensitivity to minor histocompatibility antigens and its genetic restriction].

The analysis of skin allograft survival time and the level of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction to major and minor histocompatibility antigens revealed the correlation between these parameters of the transplantation immunity. The data obtained have shown that histocompatibility in several non-H-2 antigens induces DTH reaction comparable with the reaction caused by H-2 antigens. The effector phase of DTH to non-H-2 antigens is H-2 restricted.

[Delayed hypersensitivity reaction to transplantation antigens in mice with induced tolerance for allo- and xenografts].

The delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction (DTH) in mice tolerant to allo- and xenoantigens has been investigated. To induce tolerance adult mice were thymectomized and given 1 X 10(8) allogeneic or xenogeneic spleen cells and cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg). Such mice failed to develop DTH to donor antigens, while DTH reaction to foreign allo- and xenoantigens was retained.

[Delayed hypersensitivity reaction to rat xenoantigens in mice].

A scheme of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to xenogeneic lymphoid cells induced in mice was suggested. Subcutaneous injection of normal mice with 5 X 10(6) rat spleen cells in a complete Freund's adjuvant with the results evaluated 5 days after was found the optimal condition for DTH development. Mediated by T lymphocytes the response was shown to be maximal 24 hours after the challenge.

[Delayed hypersensitivity reaction to alloantigens in mice].

A new scheme of induction of delayed hypersensitivity (DH) to alloantigens in mice is described. The optimal conditions for DH development are intraperitoneal injection of 1 X 10(7) cells of the allogeneic spleen to normal mice (not treated with cyclophosphamide) 5 days before the challenge with 5 X 10(6) spleen cells. s.