Pain Related to Intradetrusor BotulinumtoxinA: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: OnabotulinumtoxinA (BTX-A) is an effective treatment for overactive bladder (OAB), but few studies have been done to evaluate injection techniques.

Objective: The primary objective was to evaluate procedural discomfort between 2 commonly used injection techniques for BTX-A.

Study Design: This was a single-blinded, randomized clinical trial of women undergoing injection of 100 U BTX-A for idiopathic OAB.

Why Patients Fall Through the Cracks: Assessment of Patients' Overactive Bladder Treatment.

Despite an established treatment algorithm for overactive bladder (OAB), it is unclear how many patients proceed through each step. Our objective was to evaluate the percentage of patients receiving each step of care and identify reasons why patients did not receive certain treatments. This was a retrospective cohort study with cross-sectional survey of new OAB patients.

Polystyrene-poly(ethylene oxide) diblock copolymer: the effect of polystyrene and spreading concentration at the air/water interface.

Polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-PEO) is an amphiphilic diblock copolymer that undergoes microphase separation when spread at the air/water interface, forming nanosized domains. In this study, we investigate the impact of PS by examining a series of PS-PEO samples containing constant PEO (~17,000 g·mol(-1)) and variable PS (from 3600 to 200,000 g·mol(-1)) through isothermal characterization and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The polymers separated into two categories: predominantly hydrophobic and predominantly hydrophilic with a weight percent of PEO of ~20% providing the boundary between the two.