Superpixel guided spectral-spatial feature extraction and weighted feature fusion for hyperspectral image classification with limited training samples.

Deep learning is a double-edged sword. The powerful feature learning ability of deep models can effectively improve classification accuracy. Still, when the training samples for each class are limited, it will not only face the problem of overfitting but also significantly affect the classification result.

Associations of prenatal organophosphate esters exposure with risk of eczema in early childhood, mediating role of gut microbiota.

Few epidemiological evidence has focused on the impact of organophosphate esters (OPEs) and the risk of eczema, and underlying role of gut microbiota. Based on the Shanghai Maternal-Child Pairs Cohort, a nested case-control study including 332 eczema cases and 332 controls was conducted. Umbilical cord blood and stools were collected for OPEs detection and gut microbiota sequencing, separately.

Doping Copper(I) in Ag Cluster for Circularly Polarized OLEDs with External Quantum Efficiency of 26.7 .

Hetero-metal doping or substitution to create alloy clusters is a highly appealing strategy for improving physicochemical characteristics as well as tailoring optical and electronic properties, although high-yield synthesis of alloy clusters with precise positioning of doped metals is a daunting challenge. Herein, we manifest rational synthesis of chiral alloy cluster enantiomers R/S-AgCu in 85 %-87 % yield by replacing one Ag(I) atom with Cu(I) in homometallic clusters R/S-Ag, achieving circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) with a quantum yield beyond 90 %. As a small energy gap (ca.

Drug repurposing opportunities for breast cancer and seven common subtypes.

Breast cancer is a substantial global health problem, and drug repurposing provides novel opportunities to address the urgent need for therapeutics. According to significant Mendelian randomization (MR) results, we identified 26 genes for overall breast cancer, 25 genes for ER+ breast cancer and 4 genes (CASP8, KCNN4, MYLK4, TNNT3) for ER- breast cancer. In order to explore the differences between 5 intrinsic subtypes, we found 29 actionable druggable genes for Luminal A breast cancer, 2 genes (IGF2 and TNNT3) for Luminal B breast cancer, 1 gene (FAAH) for Luminal B HER2 negative breast cancer, and 3 genes (CASP8, KCNN4, and TP53) for triple-negative breast cancer.

Synergistic coordination of diphosphine with primary and tertiary phosphorus centers: Ultrastable icosidodecahedral Ag nanoclusters with metallic aromaticity.

As versatile ligands with extraordinary coordination capabilities, RPH (R = alkyl or aryl) are rarely used in constructing metal nanoclusters due to their volatility, toxicity, spontaneous flammability, and susceptibility to oxidation. In this work, we designed a primary and tertiary phosphorus-bound diphosphine chelator (2-PhPCHPH) to create ultrastable silver nanoclusters with metallic aromaticity. By controlling the deprotonation rate of 2-PhPCHPH and adjusting the templates, we successfully synthesized two near-infrared emissive nanoclusters, and , which have analogous icosidodecahedral Ag shells with an symmetry.

Prenatal ozone exposure is associated with children overweight and obesity: Evidence from the Shanghai Maternal-Child Pairs Cohort.

Prenatal ozone (O) exposure may disrupt normal offspring growth. However, epidemiological evidence that prenatal O exposure affects the physical development of offspring early in life is far from adequate. A total of 4909 maternal-child pairs from the Shanghai Maternal-Child Pairs Cohort were included.

[Progress and prospects in the molecular basic research on important traits in sorghum].

Sorghum () is a significant crop serving food, energy, feed, and industrial raw materials, featuring extensive growth adaptability and diverse utility values. Despite the achievements in sorghum breeding in the last decades, conventional breeding methods still confront challenges such as lengthy breeding cycles, low efficiency, and complex genetic backgrounds. With the rapid advancement of molecular biology, genetics, and bioinformatics, molecular breeding has carved new pathways for enhancing sorghum yield and quality.

QTL analysis of sorghum grain traits based on high-density genetic map.

Sorghum grain traits are important agronomic traits directly related to yield and are key factors affecting the brewing process of distill liquor. Exploring the genes controlling those traits is of great significance for understanding the genetic mechanism of sorghum grain development. In this study, we conducted genotyping using Super-GBS technology on a recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population derived from the cross between "BTx623" and "Hongyingzi," consisting of 205 lines.

Early-life exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: Analysis of levels, health risk and binding abilities to transport proteins.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) can pass through the placenta and adversely affect fetal development. However, there is a lack of comparison of legacy and emerging PFAS levels among different biosamples in pregnant women and their offspring. This study, based on the Shanghai Maternal-Child Pairs Cohort, analyzed the concentrations of 16 PFAS in the maternal serum, cord serum, and breast milk samples from 1,076 mother-child pairs.

Naphthalimide-Modified Clusters for Red-Emitting Devices with High Color Purity.

Conventional fluorescent materials frequently exhibit narrow-band emissions with a small full width at half-maximum (fwhm) due to localized-state characteristics, but electroluminescence is less efficient owing to the utilization of only singlet excitons. In this work, taking advantage of naphthalimide (NAI)-acetylide derivatives with a rigid planar structure and localized transition characteristics, we elaborately designed two mononuclear Pt(II) complexes with weak double emissions of fluorescence and phosphorescence. Taking them as synthetic precursors, we prepared three PtAu heteronuclear clusters and successfully attained highly efficient narrow-band red phosphorescence with the fwhm below 30 nm.

Pharmacological targets of SGLT2 inhibition on prostate cancer mediated by circulating metabolites: a drug-target Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The relationship between sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and prostate cancer is still unknown. Although these inhibitors can influence tumor glycolysis, the underlying mechanism requires further exploration.

Methods: A two-sample two-step MR was used to determine 1) causal effects of SGLT2 inhibition on prostate cancer; 2) causal effects of 1,400 circulating metabolites or metabolite ratios on prostate cancer; and 3) mediation effects of these circulating metabolites.

Alterations of urine microRNA-7977/G6PD level in patients with diabetic kidney disease and its association with dysfunction of albumin-induced autophagy in proximal epithelial tubular cells.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains as one of the leading long-term complications of type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM). Studies have shown that decreased expression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) plays an important role in DKD. However, the upstream and downstream pathways of G6PD downregulation leading to DKD have not been elucidated.

The Correlation Between Peripheral Blood Micro-Ribonucleic Acid Expression Level and Personality Disorder in Patients with Schizophrenia.

Objective: Schizophrenia patients often have personality disorders; schizophrenia patients with personality disorders are more difficult to treat and have a worse prognosis. Early identification of this group of patients and early intervention can achieve better prognosis. Therefore, it is very important to explore effective biomarkers and early diagnosis for the prognosis of schizophrenia.

Developing a Machine-Learning Predictive Model for Retention of Posterior Cruciate Ligament in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Objective: Predicting whether the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) should be preserved during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures is a complex task in the preoperative phase. The choice to either retain or excise the PCL has a substantial effect on the surgical outcomes and biomechanical integrity of the knee joint after the operation. To enhance surgeons' ability to predict the removal and retention of the PCL in patients before TKA, we developed machine learning models.

Prenatal organophosphate esters exposure and neurodevelopment trajectory in infancy: Evidence from the Shanghai Maternal-Child Pairs Cohort.

Background: Concerns remain about the neurotoxic properties of the ubiquitous organophosphate esters (OPEs), the replacement of the toxicant polybrominated diphenyl ethers.

Objectives: We examined the associations of prenatal exposure to OPEs and their mixtures with early-life neurodevelopment trajectories.

Methods: Totally 1276 mother-child pairs were recruited from the Shanghai Maternal-Child Pairs Cohort.

High-throughput metabolomics identifies new biomarkers for cervical cancer.

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is a danger to women's health, especially in many developing countries. Metabolomics can make the connection between genotypes and phenotypes. It provides a wide spectrum profile of biological processes under pathological or physiological conditions.

Screening and staging of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with deep learning based on chest X-ray images and clinical parameters.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is underdiagnosed with the current gold standard measure pulmonary function test (PFT). A more sensitive and simple option for early detection and severity evaluation of COPD could benefit practitioners and patients.

Methods: In this multicenter retrospective study, frontal chest X-ray (CXR) images and related clinical information of 1055 participants were collected and processed.

A handheld isothermal fluorescence detector for duplex visualization of aquatic pathogens via enhanced one-pot LAMP-PfAgo assay.

The expansion of large-scale aquaculture has exacerbated the challenge of aquatic diseases, resulting in substantial economic losses annually. Currently, traditional laboratory-based diagnostic methods are time-consuming and costly, hindering on-site testing for individual farmers. We address this issue by developing a state-of-the-art handheld isothermal nucleic acid amplification device (WeD-1) capable of fluorescence tracking of reactions and integrating it with an enhanced one-pot Prokaryotic Argonaute based nucleic acid detection method, enabling duplex visual detection of aquatic pathogens.

Prenatal PFAS exposure, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and neurobehavioral development in childhood.

Studies on the role of the gut microbiota in the associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) exposure and adverse neurodevelopment are limited. Umbilical cord serum and faeces samples were collected from children, and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was conducted. Generalized linear models, linear mixed-effects models, multivariate analysis by linear models and microbiome regression-based kernel association tests were used to evaluate the associations among PFAS exposure, the gut microbiota, and neurobehavioural development.