Hyperactivation of p53 contributes to mitotic catastrophe in podocytes through regulation of the Wee1/CDK1/cyclin B1 axis.

Podocyte loss in glomeruli is a fundamental event in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney diseases. Currently, mitotic catastrophe (MC) has emerged as the main cause of podocyte loss. However, the regulation of MC in podocytes has yet to be elucidated.

Targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9): from bench to bedside.

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has evolved as a pivotal enzyme in lipid metabolism and a revolutionary therapeutic target for hypercholesterolemia and its related cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This comprehensive review delineates the intricate roles and wide-ranging implications of PCSK9, extending beyond CVD to emphasize its significance in diverse physiological and pathological states, including liver diseases, infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, and notably, cancer. Our exploration offers insights into the interaction between PCSK9 and low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLRs), elucidating its substantial impact on cholesterol homeostasis and cardiovascular health.

Clinico-pathological features of diabetic and non-diabetic renal diseases in type 2 diabetic patients: a retrospective study from a 10-year experience in a single center.

Aim: To compare clinical and pathological characteristics as well as prognosis between diabetic nephropathy (DN) and non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD) so as to explore potential diagnostic criteria of DN and provide some guidance for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with kidney involvement.

Methods: T2DM patients with renal impairment who underwent kidney biopsy were included in this study, who were classified into 3 groups (DN, NDRD, DN with NDRD) based on their renal pathological diagnosis. Baseline clinical characteristics as well as follow-up data were collected and analyzed among 3 groups.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal miR-30e-5p ameliorates high-glucose induced renal proximal tubular cell pyroptosis by inhibiting ELAVL1.

Background: The rapid increase in the prevalence of diabetes has resulted in more cases of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Treatment with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) may represent an alternative strategy to manage DKD.

Methods: HK-2 cells were treated with 30 mM high glucose (HG).

Epidemiological characteristics and pathological changes of primary glomerular diseases.

Objective: By analyzing the pathological characteristics and clinical data of renal biopsy in our hospital in the past 20 years, to further understand the epidemic characteristics and pathological changes of primary glomerular disease, and to provide regional data for the big data of kidney disease in my country.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 9448 patients with primary glomerular disease who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2019, aged 18 years or older, and undergoing renal biopsy. Divided every 5 years into a group, a total of 4 groups (first group 2000.

Targeting purinergic pathway to enhance radiotherapy-induced immunogenic cancer cell death.

Emerging evidence has demonstrated that radiotherapy (RT) can not only cause direct damage to cancer cells but also lead to immunogenic cell death (ICD), which involves the activation of host antitumor immune response in tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). RT-induced ICD comprises the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from dying cancer cells that result in the activation of tumor-specific immunity to elicit long-term antitumor efficacy in both original and abscopal tumor sites. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), as an important DAMP released by irradiated cancer cells and an essential factor within purinergic pathway, can be further hydrolyzed to adenosine (ADO) by two key ectonucleotidases, CD39 and CD73, to further modulate the antitumor immunity in TIME through purinergic signaling via the interaction to its specific receptors such as adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR) and A2BR widely expressed on the surface of the components in TIME, including cancer cells and many immune effector cells.

Analysis of glomerular PLA2R efficacy in evaluating the prognosis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy in the background of different serum anti-PLA2R levels.

Objective: To verify glomerular PLA2R antigen and serum PLA2R antibody expression in membranous nephropathy as well as to explore glomerular PLA2R efficacy in evaluating the prognosis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) in the background of different serum anti-PLA2R levels.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 155 patients who were diagnosed with IMN by kidney biopsy. Patients were divided into six groups according to their serum PLA2R antibody or glomerular PLA2R antigen positiveness and the level of serum anti-PLA2R titer.

Spectrum of biopsy-proven kidney diseases in northwest China: a review of 30 years of experiences.

Purpose: Large-scale, contemporary studies assessing the spectrum of kidney diseases in northwest China are lacking. Therefore, we aimed to assess the profile of 30-year temporal changes in biopsy-proven kidney diseases in northwest China.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included all patients with a native kidney biopsy specimen in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University between 1989 and 2018.

Serum albumin at 1 year after peritoneal dialysis predicts long-term outcomes on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Background: Hypoalbuminemia at baseline is a powerful predictor of long-term outcomes in peritoneal dialysis patients. However, the levels of serum albumin are dynamically changed during PD. The present study investigated whether the improvement of hypoalbuminemia during PD can affect the patients' outcomes.

Serum vancomycin levels predict the short-term adverse outcomes of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis.

Background: The role of monitoring serum vancomycin levels during treatment of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis is controversial. Substantial inter-individual variability may result in suboptimal serum levels despite similar dosing of vancomycin. The published predictors of suboptimal serum vancomycin levels remain limited.

Immune Characteristics of IgA Nephropathy With Minimal Change Disease.

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) has a high degree of heterogeneity in clinical and pathological features. Among all subsets of IgAN, the pathogenesis of IgAN with minimal change disease (MCD-IgAN) remained controversial. We analyzed the clinical and pathological characteristics of MCD-IgAN patients in a retrospective cohort.

Evaluation of ultrastructural alterations of glomerular basement membrane and podocytes in glomeruli by low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy.

Background: Low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy (LV-SEM) is applied to diagnostic renal pathology.

Methods: To demonstrate the usefulness of LV-SEM and to clarify the optimal conditions of pathology samples, we investigated the alterations of glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and podocytes in control and experimental active Heymann nephritis (AHN) rats by LV-SEM.

Results: On week 15 following induction of AHN, spike formation on GBM with diffuse deposition of IgG and C3 developed.

LncRNA MIAT enhances systemic lupus erythematosus by upregulating CFHR5 expression via miR-222 degradation.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a complex polygenic autoimmune disease, is associated with increased complement activation. Complement factor H related protein 5 (CFHR5) may contribute to dysfunctional complement activation, thus predisposing to SLE. The expression levels of anti-dsDNA, C3 and CFHR5 in blood samples from 50 SLE patients and 50 healthy individuals were evaluated, and also their expression levels were measured in an MRL/lpr mouse model and control MRL/MPJ mice.

Perilipin 5 ameliorates high-glucose-induced podocyte injury via Akt/GSK-3β/Nrf2-mediated suppression of apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation.

Hyperglycemia-induced podocyte damage contributes to the onset of diabetic nephropathy, a severe complication of diabetes. Perilipin 5 (Plin5) exerts a vital role in numerous pathological conditions via affecting cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. However, whether Plin5 plays a role in regulating podocyte damage of diabetic nephropathy has not been fully determined.

Electrocardiographic parameters and prognosis of renal light chain amyloidosis.

Background: Cardiac involvement frequently occurs in patients with renal light chain (AL) amyloidosis, which predisposes these patients to heart failure, arrhythmia, or infarction with poor prognosis.

Hypothesis: Twelve-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters may be associated with prognosis in renal AL amyloidosis.

Methods: A retrospective single-center cohort study was performed.

Low expression of HIV genes in podocytes accelerates the progression of diabetic kidney disease in mice.

With the widespread use combination antiretroviral therapy, there has been a dramatic decrease in HIV-associated nephropathy. However, although the patients living with HIV have low or undetectable viral load, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in this population remains high. Additionally, improved survival is associated with aging-related comorbidities such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Inhibition of PCSK9 potentiates immune checkpoint therapy for cancer.

Despite its success in achieving the long-term survival of 10-30% of treated individuals, immune therapy is still ineffective for most patients with cancer. Many efforts are therefore underway to identify new approaches that enhance such immune 'checkpoint' therapy (so called because its aim is to block proteins that inhibit checkpoint signalling pathways in T cells, thereby freeing those immune cells to target cancer cells). Here we show that inhibiting PCSK9-a key protein in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism-can boost the response of tumours to immune checkpoint therapy, through a mechanism that is independent of PCSK9's cholesterol-regulating functions.

[Renal Pathology and Cytogenetic Examination in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal Impairment--Retrospective Analysis].

Objective: To explore the renal pathology and cytogenetic features in the multiple myeloma (MM) patients with renal impairment.

Methods: The clinical data of newly diagnosed MM patients with renal impairment in our hospital from January 2009 to January 2019 were analyzed retrospectively, and the relationship between FISH results and results of renal pathological exanimation was analyzed statistically by using SPSS 20.0.

MiR-325-3p inhibits renal inflammation and fibrosis by targeting CCL19 in diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a common cardiovascular disease, has been a global health threat. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed to frequently participate in the occurrence and development of DN, however, the role of miR-325-3p in DN remains uncharacterized. Our research aimed to explore the function and mechanism of miR-325-3p in DN.

Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy Plus Etoposide/Cisplatin for Patients With Limited Advanced Unresectable Thymic Epithelial Tumors: A Prospective Phase 2 Study.

Purpose: This prospective phase 2 study evaluated the efficacy and safety of intensity modulated radiation therapy plus etoposide/cisplatin (EP) for patients with unresectable thymic epithelial tumors (TETs).

Methods And Materials: Patients with limited advanced unresectable TETs whose lesions could be encompassed within radiation fields were enrolled in this study. Two cycles of EP (75 mg/m etoposide and 25 mg/m cisplatin on days 1-3 and days 29-31) were administered concurrently with radiation therapy, followed by 2 cycles after radiation therapy.

Renal amyloidosis complicated by light chain deposition nephropathy: a case report.

Light chain amyloidosis (AL) and light chain deposition disease (LCDD) are systemic diseases caused by an abnormal production of monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains and their deposition in systemic tissue. We herein present a rare case of renal amyloidosis complicated with light chain deposition nephropathy. The patient presented with nephrotic syndrome and an increased serum creatinine.

Clemaichinenoside protects renal tubular epithelial cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in vitro through activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway.

Renal ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) is a major cause of acute renal failure with increased morbidity, mortality, and prolonged hospitalizations. Clematichinenoside (AR), a triterpenoid saponin isolated from the roots of Clematis chinensis, was reported to possess a protective effect against I/R injury. However, the effect of AR on renal I/R injury has not been evaluated.

Peritoneal Dialysis Treatment in Small Children with Acute Kidney Injury: Experience in Northwest China.

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a kind of renal replacement therapy (RRT), which can be employed to treat pediatric acute kidney injury (AKI) as it is safe, simple, and cost-effective. The studies of PD treatment in pediatric AKI in China have rarely been reported in English literature.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and the outcome of PD in pediatric patients with AKI.

Expression of Vsig4 attenuates macrophage-mediated hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in high fat diet (HFD)-induced mice.

The innate immune response contributes to hepatic steatosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the pathogenic mechanism of NAFLD is still poorly understood. The costimulatory molecule V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing protein-4 (Vsig4), which is exclusively expressed on macrophages, shows significant role in regulating macrophage-mediated inflammation.