Stage-Specific Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Physiology During the Early Growth Stages of Rice.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), widely utilized nanomaterials, can negatively affect crop growth and development. However, it remains unclear whether crops exhibit similar responses to AgNPs stress at seed germination and seedling stages. In this study, rice seeds and seedlings were exposed to AgNPs, and their growth, photosynthetic efficiency, and antioxidant systems were recorded.

C-like metabolism and HCO use in submerged leaves of Ottelia cordata lacking Kranz anatomy at both low and high CO concentrations.

To date, only a few submerged plants have been reported to perform C and CAM. Ottelia cordata is a heteroblastic aquatic plant developing both submerged and floating leaves throughout its life cycle. Previous research found that, besides HCO use, the submerged leaves of O.

Germination Requirement and Suitable Storage Method of Seeds.

Understanding of seed germination requirements and storage methods is very important to successfully conserve and restore aquatic vegetation. The main question addressed by the research was germination requirements and suitable seed storage methods of seeds. Furthermore, the water content and respiration rate of seeds were studied under different storage conditions.

Investigating aluminum toxicity effects on callose deposition, oxidative stress, and nutrient homeostasis in banana genotypes.

Aluminum (Al) toxicity poses a significant challenge to agricultural productivity, particularly in acidic soils. The banana crop, predominantly cultivated in tropical and subtropical climates, often grapples with low pH and Al toxicity. This study seeks to explore the differential responses of two banana genotypes with varying Al tolerance (Baodao and Baxi) to Al exposure (100 and 500 µM) for 24 h.

Physio-biochemical and metabolomic responses of the woody plant Dalbergia odorifera to salinity and waterlogging.

Background: Trees have developed a broad spectrum of molecular mechanisms to counteract oxidative stress. Secondary metabolites via phenolic compounds emblematized the hidden bridge among plant kingdom, human health, and oxidative stress. Although studies have demonstrated that abiotic stresses can increase the production of medicinal compounds in plants, research comparing the efficiency of these stresses still needs to be explored.

Dalbergia odorifera undergoes massive molecular shifts in response to waterlogging combined with salinity.

Field and greenhouse studies attempting to describe the molecular responses of plant species under waterlogging (WL) combined with salinity (ST) are almost nonexistent. We integrated transcriptional, metabolic, and physiological responses involving several crucial transcripts and common differentially expressed genes and metabolites in fragrant rosewood (Dalbergia odorifera) leaflets to dissect plant-specific molecular responses and patterns under WL combined with ST (SWL). We discovered that the synergistic pattern of the transcriptional response of fragrant rosewood under SWL was exclusively characterized by the number of regulated transcripts.

Physiological mechanisms of exogenous organic acids to alleviate aluminum toxicity in seedlings of mungbean, buckwheat, and rice.

One of the major constraints for crop yield in acidic soils is the phytotoxicity of aluminum ions (Al), which primarily affects the roots. To mitigate the harmful effects of Al toxicity, plants use organic acids to chelate Al internally and externally. In this study, the effects of exogenous organic acids on Al toxicity in rice, mung bean, and buckwheat were investigated.

Identification and Expression of the CorA/MRS2/ALR Type Magnesium Transporters in Tomato.

Magnesium (Mg) is the most abundant divalent ion in plants, participating in numerous metabolic processes in growth and development. CorA/MRS2/ALR type Mg transporters are essential for maintaining Mg homeostasis in plants. However, the candidate protein and its potential functions in the tomato plant have not been fully understood.

Effects of the ammonium stress on photosynthesis and ammonium assimilation in submerged leaves of Ottelia cordata - an endangered aquatic plant.

Although ammonium (NH-N) is an important nutrient for plants, increases in soil nitrogen (N) input and atmospheric deposition have made ammonium toxicity a serious ecological problem. In this study, we explored the effects of NH-N stress on the ultrastructure, photosynthesis, and NH-N assimilation of Ottelia cordata (Wallich) Dandy, an endangered heteroblastic plant native to China. Results showed that 15 and 50 mg L NH-N damaged leaf ultrastructure and decreased the values of maximal quantum yield (F/F), maximal fluorescence (F), and relative electron transport rate (rETR) in the submerged leaves of O.

Inorganic carbon utilization: A target of silver nanoparticle toxicity on a submerged macrophyte.

Submerged macrophytes play an important role in the global carbon cycle through diversified pathways of inorganic carbon (Ci) utilization distinct from terrestrial plants. However, the effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), an emerging contaminant, were unknown on the Ci utilization of submerged macrophytes. In Ottelia alismoides, the only known submerged macrophyte with three pathways of Ci utilization, before absorption, AgNPs inhibited the external carbonic anhydrase activity thus reducing the capacity of the plant to use HCO.

Exogenous ABA and IAA modulate physiological and hormonal adaptation strategies in Cleistocalyx operculatus and Syzygium jambos under long-term waterlogging conditions.

Background: The mechanisms of abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin (IAA) in inducing adventitious root (AR) formation, biomass accumulation, and plant development under long-term waterlogging (LT-WL) conditions are largely unexplored. This study aimed to determine the roles of exogenous application of ABA and IAA in two woody plants (Cleistocalyx operculatus and Syzygium jambos) under LT-WL conditions. A pot experiment was conducted using a complete randomized design with two factors: (i) LT-WL and (ii) application of exogenous phytohormones (ABA and IAA) for 120 d.

Radio Frequency Database Construction and Modulation Recognition in Wireless Sensor Networks.

Current modulation recognition methods in wireless sensor networks rely too much on simulation datasets. Its practical application effect cannot reach the expected results. To address this issue, in this paper we collect a large amount of real-world wireless signal data based on the software radio device USRP 2920.

Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses of Cold-Tolerant and Cold-Sensitive Pepper Species Reveal Key Genes and Essential Metabolic Pathways Involved in Response to Cold Stress.

Cold stress, triggered by particularly low temperatures, is one of the most severe forms of abiotic stress in pepper plants and a major constraint to the global pepper industry, threatening crop production and food security. To acclimatize to extreme conditions, the plant undergoes numerous modifications, including genetic and metabolic modulations. A thorough study of both the genetic and metabolic alterations of plants in response to cold stress is vital to understanding and developing the cold stress resistance mechanism.

Low Concentrations of Silver Nanoparticles Inhibit Spore Germination and Disturb Gender Differentiation of (L.) Brongn.

Because of their excellent antibacterial properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in all walks of life, which has caused them to be discharged into aquatic environments with possible negative effects on aquatic plants. In the present study, we used an aquatic fern, , as a model to investigate the effects of AgNPs on its spore germination, gametophytes, sex differentiation, and growth. The results demonstrated that AgNPs significantly inhibited spore germination of AgNP concentration higher than 0.

Changes in primary metabolites and volatile organic compounds in cotton seedling leaves exposed to silver ions and silver nanoparticles revealed by metabolomic analysis.

In the area of climate change, nanotechnology provides handy tools for improving crop production and assuring sustainability in global agricultural system. Due to excellent physiological and biochemical properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely studied for potential use in agriculture. However, there are concerns about the mechanism of the toxic effects of the accumulation of AgNPs on crop growth and development.

Recent Advances in Understanding the Mechanisms of Elemene in Reversing Drug Resistance in Tumor Cells: A Review.

Malignant tumors are life-threatening, and chemotherapy is one of the common treatment methods. However, there are often many factors that contribute to the failure of chemotherapy. The multidrug resistance of cancer cells during chemotherapy has been reported, since tumor cells' sensitivity decreases over time.

Active targeting of orthotopic glioma using biomimetic liposomes co-loaded elemene and cabazitaxel modified by transferritin.

Background: Effective treatment of glioma requires a nanocarrier that can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to target the tumor lesion. In the current study, elemene (ELE) and cabazitaxel (CTX) liposomes were prepared by conjugating liposomes with transferrin (Tf) and embedding the cell membrane proteins of RG2 glioma cells into liposomes (active-targeting biomimetic liposomes, Tf-ELE/CTX@BLIP), which exhibited effective BBB infiltration to target glioma.

Results: The findings showed that Tf-ELE/CTX@BLIP was highly stable.

Polymerase Chain Reaction in the Detection of miR-455-5p and Sphingosine-1 Phosphate Proteins in Cervical Carcinoma with the Help of Gold Nanoparticles-Based.

This study aimed to detect miR-455-5p and S1PR1 proteins using nanoparticle-assisted polymerase chain reaction (nano-PCR) to determine their correlation with cervical carcinoma prognosis. To achieve this study's goals, we selected 48 cervical carcinoma patients between January 2014 to January 2016 and subjected them to the miR-455-5p test by nano-PCR. The collected samples were then divided into two groups based on miR-455-5p levels.

Risk of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related hepatitis in MP pneumonia pediatric patients: a predictive model construction and assessment.

Background: A predictive model for risk of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)-related hepatitis in MP pneumonia pediatric patients can improve treatment selection and therapeutic effect. However, currently, no predictive model is available.

Methods: Three hundred seventy-four pneumonia pediatric patients with/without serologically-confirmed MP infection and ninety-three health controls were enrolled.

A Noncontact Ballistocardiography-Based IoMT System for Cardiopulmonary Health Monitoring of Discharged COVID-19 Patients.

We developed a ballistocardiography (BCG)-based Internet-of-Medical-Things (IoMT) system for remote monitoring of cardiopulmonary health. The system composes of BCG sensor, edge node, and cloud platform. To improve computational efficiency and system stability, the system adopted collaborative computing between edge nodes and cloud platforms.

HbWRKY27, a group IIe WRKY transcription factor, positively regulates HbFPS1 expression in Hevea brasiliensis.

Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPS) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the formation of farnesyl pyrophosphate, the main initiator for rubber chain initiation in Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg. The transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of the FPS gene still not well understood.

Identification and functional analysis of the CorA/MGT/MRS2-type magnesium transporter in banana.

Magnesium (Mg) plays an irreplaceable role in plant growth and development. Mg transporters, especially CorA/MGT/MRS2 family proteins, played a vital role in regulating Mg content in plant cells. Although extensive work has been conducted in model crops, such as Arabidopsis, rice, and maize, the relevant information is scarce in tropical crops.

Responses of CO-concentrating mechanisms and photosynthetic characteristics in aquatic plant Ottelia alismoides following cadmium stress under low CO.

The effects of cadmium (Cd) have been investigated in an aquatic plant Ottelia alismoides grown under low CO. Under low CO, no Cd treated O. alismoides operated three carbon dioxide-concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) efficiently, including HCO acquisition, C4 and CAM photosynthesis.