Oral and fecal microbiota as accurate non-invasive tools for detection of pancreatic cancer in the Chinese population.

Pancreatic cancer (PCA), a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, has limited non-invasive diagnostic methods. We aimed to identify oral and fecal microbiome biomarkers and construct diagnostic classifiers. Oral and fecal samples from 97 PCA patients and 90 healthy controls underwent 16S rRNA sequencing.

Machine Learning in Solid-State Hydrogen Storage Materials: Challenges and Perspectives.

Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a pioneering tool in advancing the research application of high-performance solid-state hydrogen storage materials (HSMs). This review summarizes the state-of-the-art research of ML in resolving crucial issues such as low hydrogen storage capacity and unfavorable de-/hydrogenation cycling conditions. First, the datasets, feature descriptors, and prevalent ML models tailored for HSMs are described.

The association between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism FokI and type 2 diabetic kidney disease and its molecular mechanism: a case control study.

Background: The role of the vitamin D receptor single nucleotide polymorphism FOKI (VDR-FOKI) (rs2228570) in genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetic kidney disease (T2DKD) remains uncertain. This study investigated the relationship between VDR-FOKI and T2DKD within the Chinese Plateau Han population and analyzed the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: A total of 316 subjects were enrolled, including 44 healthy adults, 114 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and 158 patients with T2DKD.

Difference in fecal and oral microbiota between pancreatic cancer and benign/low-grade malignant tumor patients.

Background: Significant gaps exist in understanding the gastrointestinal microbiota in patients with pancreatic cancer (PCA) versus benign or low-grade malignant pancreatic tumors (NPCA). This study aimed to analyze these microbiota characteristics and explore their potential use in distinguishing malignant pancreatic lesions.

Methods: Between September 2020 and May 2024, fecal and oral samples were collected from 121 patients undergoing surgical resection or diagnostic biopsy of pancreatic lesions, including 75 patients with PCA and 46 patients with NPCA, and 16s rRNA sequencing was performed.

Artificial intelligence diagnosis of patent foramen ovale in contrast transthoracic echocardiography.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rarely directly used in patent foramen ovale (PFO) diagnosis. In this study, an AI model was developed to detect the presence of PFO automatically in both contrast transthoracic echocardiography (cTTE) images and videos. The whole intelligent diagnosis neural network framework consists of two functional modules of image segmentation (Unet,  = 1866) and image classification (ResNet 101,  = 9152).

Sevoflurane exposure accelerates the onset of cognitive impairment via promoting p-Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Sevoflurane is an inhalational anesthetic widely used in clinical settings. Accumulating evidence has shown that sevoflurane exposure may impair cognitive function, potentially contributing to Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related changes. However, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood.

[Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Carbon Stock Changes and Driving Mechanism in Xinjiang Region by Coupled PLUS-InVEST-Geodector Model].

Based on the goal of "dual-carbon" strategy, it is important to explore the impacts of land use change on carbon stock and the drivers of spatial differentiation of carbon stock in Xinjiang. Here, we predicted the land use types in Xinjiang in 2035 under different scenarios and analyzed the impacts of land use on carbon stock, which is of great theoretical and practical importance for policy formulation, land use structure adjustment, and carbon neutrality target achievement in Xinjiang. The coupled PLUS-InVEST-Geodector model was used to explore the spatial and temporal patterns of carbon stock change under the scenarios of rapid development, natural change, arable land protection, and ecological protection in Xinjiang in 2035 and to quantitatively reveal the attribution of influences on the changes in carbon stock from the perspectives of land use change and the combination of nature-socioeconomic-accessibility.

Poisoning Mechanism Map for Metal Hydride Hydrogen Storage Materials.

The effective utilization of hydrogen storage materials (HSMs) is hindered by impurity gas poisoning, posing a significant challenge for large-scale applications. This study elucidates the poisoning mechanisms of various impurities gases (CO, CO, O, Ar, He, CH, N) on ZrCo, Pd, U and LaNi. Impurities gases are categorized into active and inactive types based on their effecting behaviors and mechanisms on the hydrogenation of HSMs.

Comparisons of laparoscopic and robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy using barbed and conventional sutures for pancreaticojejunostomy: a propensity score matching study.

Background: There are limited data on the effect of different sutures and surgical approaches on the quality of pancreaticojejunostomy in minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD). This study compares the incidence of clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) between the use of barbed sutures (BSs) and conventional sutures (CSs).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 253 consecutive patients who had undergone MIPD from July 2016 to April 2023.

Temperature-dependent microbial mechanism and accumulation of volatile fatty acids in primary sludge pretreated with peroxymonosulfate.

For revealing the influence of temperature on volatile fatty acids (VFAs) generation from primary sludge (PS) during the anaerobic fermentation process facilitated by peroxymonosulfate (PMS), five fermentation groups (15, 25, 35, 45, and 55 °C) were designed. The results indicated that the production of VFAs (5148 mg COD/L) and acetic acid (2019 mg COD/L) reached their peaks at 45 °C. High-throughput sequencing technology disclosed that Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria was the dominant phyla, carbohydrate metabolism and membrane transport were the most vigorous at 45 °C.

A novel hsa_circ_0006903 circular RNA promotes tumor development and dendritic cells activated expression in infantile hemangioma.

Background: Increasing reports revealed that circular RNAs (circRNAs) and immune cells infiltration were related with tumor development. However, its role in infantile hemangioma (IH) is unknown. We will explore a novel hsa_circ_0006903-based ceRNA network and investigate the landscape of dendritic cells activated expression in IH.

Learning curve of robotic pancreatoduodenectomy by a single surgeon with extensive laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy experience.

With the development of robotic systems, robotic pancreatoduodenectomies (RPDs) have been increasingly performed. However, the number of cases required by surgeons with extensive laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy (LPD) experience to overcome the learning curve of RPD remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to analyze and explore the impact of different phases of the learning curve of RPD on perioperative outcomes.

Molecular-docking electrolytes enable high-voltage lithium battery chemistries.

Ideal rechargeable lithium battery electrolytes should promote the Faradaic reaction near the electrode surface while mitigating undesired side reactions. Yet, conventional electrolytes usually show sluggish kinetics and severe degradation due to their high desolvation energy and poor compatibility. Here we propose an electrolyte design strategy that overcomes the limitations associated with Li salt dissociation in non-coordinating solvents to enable fast, stable Li chemistries.

Effects of water replenishment on lake water quality and trophic status: An 11-year study in cold and arid regions.

Water replenishment is an important measure for maintaining and improving the aquatic environmental quality of lakes. The problems of water quality deterioration and water shortage can be alleviated by introducing water of higher quality. However, the mechanism of water replenishment in the improvement of the water quality and trophic status of lakes remains unclear.

How has carbon storage changed in the Yili-Tianshan region over the past three decades and into the future? What has driven it to change?

Predicting future land use changes and assessing carbon storage remain challenging. Nowadays, how nature and socioeconomics drive changes in carbon storage is a hot topic in research. In this study, through the projection of land use type and the integration of the PLUS, Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs (InVEST), and Geodetector models, we constructed a framework for assessing carbon storage in different land use scenarios.

To elucidate the mechanism of "Scrophulariae Radix-Fritillaria" in goiter by integrated metabolomics and serum pharmaco-chemistry.

The pharmacodynamic substances in "Scrophulariae Radix-Fritillaria" and the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects against goiter were analyzed through metabolomics and serum pharmaco-chemistry. A rat model of goiter was established using propylthiouracil (PTU), and the animals were treated using "Scrophulariae Radix-Fritillaria." The efficacy of the drug pair was evaluated in terms of thyroid gland histopathology and blood biochemical indices.

Prediction of the survival status and tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer through genotyping analysis based on toll-like receptors.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in both the incidence and mortality rates among male and female cancers, and it is the leading digestive system cancer. Due to the inter- and intratumor heterogeneity of cancer, the TNM system is insufficient for predicting prognosis, necessitating the use of molecular biomarkers for prognostic prediction. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been associated with CRC survival rates.