A High-Efficiency Electrochemical Biosensor for the Detection of Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells.

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells exhibit significant potential in the assessment of tumor development and immunotherapy. However, there is currently no convenient and efficient method to analyze the quantitative changes of MAIT cells during cancer development and treatment, which has not been extensively studied. Here, we report an electrochemical biosensor designed to efficiently monitor MAIT cells in peripheral blood by simultaneously recognizing Vα7.

Influence of Inflammation on Red Blood Cell Lifespan in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients.

: Renal anemia is linked to a decreased lifespan of red blood cells. The factors influencing red blood cell lifespan (RBCLS) in peritoneal dialysis patients, particularly the connection between inflammation and RBCLS, are still not well understood. This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate these relationships.

lncRNA-NEF regulates hepatic stellate cells proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and ECM synthesis through the ERK1/2/c-Fos axis.

In this study, we investigated the role of lncRNA-NEF in modulating hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, a key process in liver fibrosis. Using the GSE78160 dataset, we identified lncRNA-NEF as downregulated in liver cirrhosis patients. Gene Ontology and KEGG analyses implicated it in transcriptional regulation and cell cycle control.

Embryoid body-based differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells into cells with a corneal stromal keratocyte phenotype.

Objective: The transparency of the cornea is determined by the extracellular matrix, which is secreted by corneal stromal keratocytes (CSKs). Human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived keratocytes (hiPSC-CSKs) can be used in cell-based therapy for treating corneal blindness. Our goal was to develop an effective small molecule-based technique for differentiating hiPSCs into keratocytes.

Glial maturation factor-β deficiency prevents oestrogen deficiency-induced bone loss by remodelling the actin network to suppress adipogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

An imbalance between the adipogenesis and osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is considered the basic pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Although actin cytoskeleton remodelling plays a crucial role in the differentiation of BMSCs, the role of actin cytoskeleton remodelling in the adipogenesis of BMSCs and postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) has remained elusive. Glia maturation factor-beta (GMFB) has a unique role in remodelling the polymerization/depolymerization cycles of actin.

Short-term peritoneal rest reduces peritoneal solute transport rate and increases ultrafiltration in high/high average transport peritoneal dialysis patients: a crossover randomized controlled trial.

Background: The peritoneal solute transport rate (PSTR) tends to increase over time in some patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD), potentially leading to ultrafiltration (UF) failure. Previous case reports have shown a significant decrease in PSTR and subsequent recovery of UF after discontinuing PD for a while. Therefore, we conducted a randomized controlled crossover study to evaluate the impact of short-term peritoneal rest on PSTR.

Knockdown of HSPA13 Inhibits TGFβ1-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of RPE by Suppressing the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the impact of HSPA13 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) development, along with its associated molecular mechanisms.

Methods: HSPA13 expression was evaluated in epiretinal membranes (ERMs) from patients with PVR using immunohistochemistry. The effects of HSPA13 knockdown on TGFβ1-induced EMT in hESC-RPE cells were studied through quantitative PCR (qPCR), Western blot, and wound healing assays.

[Research progress in macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in tumor immune response].

Macrophage migration inhibitor factor (MIF), as a pro-inflammatory and oncogenic cytokine, is highly expressed in a variety of malignant tumors and recruits tumor cells or immune cells into the tumor microenvironment. MIF affects the development of tumor by altering the tumor microenvironment. In the process of tumor, MIF not only plays an anti-inflammatory role, but also promotes tumorigenesis by immune escape and immune tolerance.

Unraveling the role of and in oxidative stress: A pathway to therapeutic interventions in cerebral aneurysms.

Cerebral aneurysms (CA) are critical conditions often associated with oxidative stress in vascular endothelial cells (VECs). The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) plays a crucial role in glycolysis and lactate metabolism, processes implicated in the pathogenesis of aneurysms. Understanding these molecular mechanisms can inform the development of novel therapeutic targets.

miR-153 promotes neural differentiation by activating the cell adhesion/Ca signaling pathway and targeting ion channel activity in HT-22 cells by bioinformatic analysis.

MicroRNAs have been studied extensively in neurodegenerative diseases. In a previous study, miR-153 promoted neural differentiation and projection formation in mouse hippocampal HT-22 cells. However, the pathways and molecular mechanism underlying miR-153induced neural differentiation remain unclear.

SUMOylation of GMFB regulates its stability and function in retinal pigment epithelial cells under hyperglycemia.

Background: Glia maturation factor beta (GMFB) is a growth and differentiation factor that acts as an intracellular regulator of signal transduction pathways. The small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) modification, SUMOylation, is a posttranslational modification (PTM) that plays a key role in protein subcellular localization, stability, transcription, and enzymatic activity. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of SUMOylation in the inflammation and progression of numerous diseases.

Undifferentiated carcinoma of the liver with osteoclast-like giant cells: a case report and literature review.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignant tumor of the liver. Osteoclast-like giant cells (OGCs) are relatively more common in pancreatic cancer, but extremely rare in HCC. Currently, there have been only a few reported cases of OGCs in HCC, and their presence indicates an aggressive clinical course.

The identification of a novel shared therapeutic target and drug across all insulin-sensitive tissues under insulin resistance.

Background: To identify key and shared insulin resistance (IR) molecular signatures across all insulin-sensitive tissues (ISTs), and their potential targeted drugs.

Methods: Three datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were acquired, in which the ISTs (fat, muscle, and liver) were from the same individual with obese mice. Integrated bioinformatics analysis was performed to obtain the differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Risk Factors of the Occurrence and Treatment Failure of Refractory Peritoneal Dialysis-Associated Peritonitis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study From China.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of refractory peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis as well as the risk factors of its occurrence and treatment failure.

Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted among 519 patients undergoing PD from January 2007 to October 2021. According to the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis guidelines, all episodes occurred in our center were divided into two groups: refractory and nonrefractory.

A real-time augmented reality system integrated with artificial intelligence for skin tumor surgery: experimental study and case series.

Background: Skin tumors affect many people worldwide, and surgery is the first treatment choice. Achieving precise preoperative planning and navigation of intraoperative sampling remains a problem and is excessively reliant on the experience of surgeons, especially for Mohs surgery for malignant tumors.

Materials And Methods: To achieve precise preoperative planning and navigation of intraoperative sampling, we developed a real-time augmented reality (AR) surgical system integrated with artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance three functions: AI-assisted tumor boundary segmentation, surgical margin design, and navigation in intraoperative tissue sampling.

Wnt5a/β-catenin-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition: a key driver of subretinal fibrosis in neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Background: Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), accounts for up to 90% of AMD-associated vision loss, ultimately resulting in the formation of fibrotic scar in the macular region. The pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis in nAMD involves the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) occurring in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Here, we aim to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved in the Wnt signaling during the EMT of RPE cells and in the pathological process of subretinal fibrosis secondary to nAMD.

Neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy with camrelizumab plus nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin in resectable locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a pilot phase II trial.

Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy has emerged as a potential treatment option for resectable head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In this single-arm phase II trial (NCT04826679), patients with resectable locally advanced HNSCC (T2‒T4, N0‒N3b, M0) received neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy with camrelizumab (200 mg), nab-paclitaxel (260 mg/m), and cisplatin (60 mg/m) intravenously on day one of each three-week cycle for three cycles. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR).

Clinicopathological Analysis of Densely and Sparsely Granulated Somatotroph Tumors of Pituitary.

Objective: Somatotroph tumors are the second most common type of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors, which can be further classified into 2 subtypes-densely granulated somatotroph tumors (DGSTs) and sparsely granulated somatotroph tumors (SGSTs). The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of the 2 subtypes in a retrospective analysis.

Methods: From the database of the Ningbo Clinical Pathology Diagnosis Center, we collected patients diagnosed with pituitary somatotroph tumors.

A comprehensive stem cell laboratory module with blended learning for medical students at Tongji University.

The laboratory practice "Primary culture and directional differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)" is part of a required course for sophomore medical students at Tongji university, which has been conducted since 2012. Blended learning has been widely applied in medical courses. Based on a student-centered teaching philosophy, we reconstructed a comprehensive stem cell laboratory module with blended learning in 2021, aiming to facilitate students in enhancing their understanding of the multi-lineage differentiation potential of stem cells and improve their experimental skills, self-directed learning ability, and innovative thinking.