Lysine acetyltransferase 6A maintains CD4 T cell response via epigenetic reprogramming of glucose metabolism in autoimmunity.

Augmented CD4 T cell response in autoimmunity is characterized by extensive metabolic reprogramming. However, the epigenetic molecule that drives the metabolic adaptation of CD4 T cells remains largely unknown. Here, we show that lysine acetyltransferase 6A (KAT6A), an epigenetic modulator that is clinically associated with autoimmunity, orchestrates the metabolic reprogramming of glucose in CD4 T cells.

HECT, UBA and WWE domain containing 1 represses cholesterol efflux during CD4 T cell activation in Sjögren's syndrome.

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by exocrine gland dysfunction, leading to loss of salivary function. Histological analysis of salivary glands from SS patients reveals a high infiltration of immune cells, particularly activated CD4 T cells. Thus, interventions targeting abnormal activation of CD4 T cells may provide promising therapeutic strategies for SS.

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing for the diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial space infections.

Background/purpose: Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has been widely used for the detection of pathogens causing infectious diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the potential ability of mNGS to detect pathogens causing oral and maxillofacial space infection (OMSI) and compare the results with those of the traditional diagnostic microbial culture method.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 218 patients diagnosed with OMSI who underwent microbial culture and mNGS at the Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, from July 2020 to January 2022.

Pharmacological Inhibition of Glutaminase 1 Normalized the Metabolic State and CD4+ T Cell Response in Sjogren's Syndrome.

Previous studies have shown that abnormal metabolic reprogramming in CD4+ T cells could explain the occurrence of several autoimmune disorders, including Sjogren's syndrome (SS). However, therapeutic targets of the abnormal metabolism of CD4+ T cells remain to be explored. Here, we report that glutaminase 1 (Gls1), a pivotal factor in glutaminolysis, might be involved in the pathogenesis of SS.

Sialendoscopy-assisted combined approach for parotid sialolithotomy: Our long-term experience.

Objectives: To assess the long-term outcome of sialendoscopy-assisted combined approach for parotid sialolithotomy with gland preservation.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective study of patients treated with a combined sialendoscopic and open approach was conducted between 2011 and 2020. Demographic data of patients such as operative technique, stone size, stone location, complications, and symptom relief were collected.

Characterization of comprehensive dynamic epigenetic changes during human primary Sjögren's syndrome progression.

Background: Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by reduced exocrine gland (principally the salivary and lacrimal glands) activity caused by chronic lymphocytic infiltration. Although pSS has been closely associated with an increased risk of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, the dynamic epigenetic changes in the gland cells that accompany the pathogenesis are not entirely understood.

Methods: In this study, we harvested tissue samples from the labial gland with (LG_pSS) or without pSS (LG_NC) before MALT development, as well as the parotid gland with tumor tissues (PG_MALT) and paracancerous tissues (PG_NC) of two pSS patients with MALT lymphoma, and conducted RNA-seq and ChIP-seq for tri-methylated histone 3 lysine 4, 9, 27, 36, and 79 (H3K4/9/27/36/79me3).

BST-2/Tetherin is involved in BAFF-enhanced proliferation and survival via canonical NF-κB signaling in neoplastic B-lymphoid cells.

The development of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is accompanied by B cell hyperproliferation and mutation. Our previous study identified aberrant expression of BST-2 (also known as Tetherin/CD317) in B cells from either the peripheral blood or infiltrated salivary glands. However, the roles of BST-2 in the regulation of B cell activation remain unknown.

Prediction of 3-month treatment outcome of IgG4-DS based on BP artificial neural network.

Objective: The study aimed to establish an effective back-Propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) model for automatic prediction of 3-month treatment outcome of IgG4-DS.

Methods: A total of 26 IgG4-DS patients at Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were involved in the study. They were all followed for >3 months.

Juvenile recurrent parotitis: Soft foods contribute to the delayed development of salivary glands.

Background: Juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) is the second-most common childhood disease of the salivary glands after mumps. Since popularisation of mumps vaccination, children suffered from JRP more often, and the aetiology remains unclear. Chinese children had the habit of soft foods due to the special dietary habit of Asia.

Toll-like receptor 9 signaling promotes autophagy and apoptosis via divergent functions of the p38/JNK pathway in human salivary gland cells.

Abnormal signaling transduction in salivary gland cells is associated with the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Previously, we identified aberrant expression of toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in gland cells of SS patients and mouse models. In this study, we investigated the role of TLR9 and its downstream p38/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling in mediating apoptosis and autophagy in human salivary gland (HSG) cells.

Long non-coding RNA expression profile in minor salivary gland of primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Background: To examine the roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the regulation of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and reveal the expression profile of lncRNAs in labial salivary glands (LSGs) in pSS patients.

Method: The expression of 63,431 lncRNAs and 39,887 mRNAs were determined in the LSG of four pSS patients and four healthy controls using microarray experiments. Validation was performed in 30 pSS patients and 16 controls using real-time PCR.

Function of the parotid gland in juvenile recurrent parotitis: a case series.

Our aim was to find out how the parotid gland functions in 44 patients with juvenile recurrent parotitis, and to assess the value of measuring the serum amylase activity. Clinical and personal details were recorded, and all patients had their serum amylase activity measured together with sialography during the chronic phase. The function of the gland was classified by sialographic images.

Endoscopic-assisted gland preserving therapy for the management of parotid gland sialolithiasis: Our preliminary experience.

Objective: To analyze the efficacy and safety of sialendoscopy and a combined transoral or transcutaneous and sialendoscopic approach in the removal of parotid gland sialoliths.

Methods: This retrospective study included 29 patients diagnosed with parotid gland sialolithiasis who required endoscopic-assisted gland preserving therapy. Ultrasonography and computed tomography were used to diagnose parotid sialolithiasis.

Clinical features and treatment outcomes of immunoglobulin g4-related sclerosing sialadenitis.

Idiopathic enlargement of salivary glands used to be confusing in diagnosis until immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related sclerosing sialadenitis was proposed as a possible answer. In this case series, we reported the clinical features and management outcomes in 16 patients with IgG4-related sclerosing sialadenitis. We retrospectively studied 16 patients in clinical examination, serology, pathology, and sonography features.

Activation of TLR9-dependent p38MAPK pathway in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren's syndrome in NOD/Ltj mouse.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the potential role of Toll-like receptor 9-dependent p38 MAPK signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) in NOD/Ltj mouse, aiming to identify an ideal target therapy model for human pSS.

Methods: NOD/Ltj mice were chosen as a model of pSS. The Toll-like receptor 9 and p-p38 MAPK double-positive peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 4-, 5-, 8-, 10-, and 15-week-old NOD/Ltj mouse were analyzed by flow cytometry.

Foreign body induced sialolithiasis treated by sialoendoscopic intervention.

Objective: The study aims to identify the impact of sialolith formation by reviewing the foreign body induced sialolithiasis treated by sialoendoscopic intervention.

Methods: The study group included 13 patients whose sialolithiasis was induced by foreign body. After the routine radiographic examination, sialoendoscopic procedures were performed.

The serological profiles of subgroup of primary Sjögren's syndrome correlation with the clinical features of parotid glands.

Objective: To investigate the difference of serological profile in pSS and their correlation with the clinical characteristics of parotid glands.

Methods: This retrospective study includes 289 patients who fulfilled the 2002 American-European Consensus Group Criteria for pSS. The patients were categorized by the clinical features of parotid glands: Group 1 (massive group), Group 2 (infection group), Group 3 (swelling group) and Group 4 (others).

Bilateral aplasia of the major salivary glands and unilateral atresia of lacrimal duct.

Aplasia of the major salivary glands, especially the parotid gland, is a rare disorder. Up to now, few cases have been reported. Clinically, patients may present with xerostomia, irritable eyes, severe dental caries, or asymptomatic manifestations.