Role and mechanism of specialized pro-resolving mediators in obesity-associated insulin resistance.

With the changing times, obesity has become a characteristic epidemic in the context of the current era. Insulin resistance (IR) is most commonly caused by obesity, and IR is a common basis of the pathogenesis of many diseases such as cardiovascular disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes, which seriously threaten human life, as well as health. A major pathogenetic mechanism of obesity-associated IR has been found to be chronic low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue.

Development and optimization of the Glabridin-loaded dissolving microneedle for enhanced treatment of keloid.

Glabridin (Gla) has been reported to have significant effects in scar treatment, and however, the water insolubility of Gla leads to its poor transdermal absorption ability, which affects its bioactivities. Therefore, we attempted to prepare the Gla dissolving microneedles (Gla-MN) to improve the absorbtion of Gla. After investigation of the 3 factors including the needle tip matrix concentration, the prescription concentration of backing material, and the dissolution method of Gla, we finally determined the process parameters of 10% hyaluronic acid (HA) as the needle tip and 5% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the backing, according to which the Gla-MN was prepared with the good characteristics of high hardness, complete appearance and good in vitro dissolution ability.

Double-blinded, randomized clinical trial of Gegen Qinlian decoction pinpoints as key gut bacteria in alleviating hyperglycemia.

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), can be treated with traditional Chinese medicine formulas, such as the Gegen Qinlian decoction (GQD). This study elucidates the mechanisms by which gut microbes mediate the anti-diabetic effects of GQD.

Methods: We conducted a double-blind randomized clinical trial involving 120 untreated participants with T2DM.

Multiomics Analyses With Stool-Type Stratification in Patient Cohorts and Blautia Identification as a Potential Bacterial Modulator in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Heterogeneity in host and gut microbiota hampers microbial precision intervention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here, we investigated novel features for patient stratification and bacterial modulators for intervention, using cross-sectional patient cohorts and animal experiments. We collected stool, blood, and urine samples from 103 patients with recent-onset T2DM and 25 healthy control subjects (HCs), performed gut microbial composition and metabolite profiling, and combined it with host transcriptome, metabolome, cytokine, and clinical data.

Attenuating lipid metabolism in atherosclerosis: The potential role of Anti-oxidative effects on low-density lipoprotein of herbal medicines.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a multifactorial chronic disease with great harm to the health of human being, which is a basic pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases and ultimately threatens human life. Abnormal blood lipid level is one of the most common diagnostic indicators of AS in clinic, and lipid metabolism disorder is often observed in patients with AS. Cholesterol is an important lipid in the human body, which is of great significance for maintaining normal life activities.

The role of Th17 cells in endocrine organs: Involvement of the gut, adipose tissue, liver and bone.

T Helper 17 (Th17) cells are adaptive immune cells that play myriad roles in the body. Immune-endocrine interactions are vital in endocrine organs during pathological states. Th17 cells are known to take part in multiple autoimmune diseases over the years.

Dynamic processes in conjunction with microbial response to unveil the attenuation mechanisms of tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) in non-sanitary landfill soils.

Although the environmental and health risks of chlorinated organophosphate esters (OPEs-Cl) have drawn much attention, its environmental behaviors have been insufficiently characterized. As a notable sink of this emerging contaminant, non-sanitary landfills, which may decompose/accumulate OPEs-Cl, is of particular concern. In the present study, the dynamic processes of the typical OPEs-Cl, tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), in non-sanitary landfill soils were analyzed under anaerobic condition, and the microbial taxa involved in these processes were explored.

Cathepsin K: A Versatile Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Various Cancers.

Cancer, a common malignant disease, is one of the predominant causes of diseases that lead to death. Additionally, cancer is often detected in advanced stages and cannot be radically cured. Consequently, there is an urgent need for reliable and easily detectable markers to identify and monitor cancer onset and progression as early as possible.

Exploring the Regulation of Jiangtang Tiaozhi Formula on the Biological Network of Obese T2DM Complicated With Dyslipidemia Based on Clinical Transcriptomics.

Objective: To use systems biology to explore the biomolecular network mechanism of the Jiangtang Tiaozhi Recipe (JTTZR) in the intervention of obese Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients with dyslipidemia.

Methods: Twelve patients with obese type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia (traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation was excess heat syndrome of the stomach and intestines) were treated with JTTZR for 24 weeks, and 12 patients were included in the healthy control group. First, blood samples from 6 patients in each group (disease group before treatment, disease group after treatment, and healthy control group) were collected for RNA microarray analysis.

Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology of Rhizoma phragmitis: A Narrative Review.

Rhizoma phragmitis is a common Chinese herbal medicine whose effects are defined as 'clearing heat and fire, promoting fluid production to quench thirst, eliminating irritability, stopping vomiting, and disinhibiting urine'. During the Novel Coronavirus epidemic in 2020, the Weijing Decoction and Wuye Lugen Decoction, with Rhizoma phragmitis as the main herbal component, were included in The Pneumonia Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Infection (Trial Version 5) due to remarkable antiviral effects. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Rhizoma phragmitis has antiviral, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and hypoglycemic functions, lowers blood lipids and protects the liver and kidney.

Exploring the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus intestinal damp-heat syndrome and the therapeutic effect of Gegen Qinlian Decoction from the perspective of exosomal miRNA.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Diabetes is a common, complex, chronic metabolic disease. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-parallel controlled clinical study has shown that Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD) can reduce glycosylated hemoglobin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) intestinal damp-heat syndrome patients in a dose-dependent manner.

Aim: To explore the pathogenesis of T2DM intestinal damp-heat syndrome and the therapeutic effect of GQD from the perspective of exosomal microRNA (miRNA).

Effects of probiotics on glycemic control and intestinal dominant flora in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: With the rapid development of modern society, people's dietary structure has been changing accordingly. Diets high in salt, fat, and sugar have led to an increase in the incidence of diabetes year by year, posing a great threat to human health. More than 90% of diabetic patients have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Effect of downregulation of serum MMP-3 levels by traditional Chinese medicine ingredients combined with methotrexate on the progression of bone injury in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: A large number of clinical studies have confirmed that after treatment with traditional Chinese medicine components such as sinomenine (SIN), the matrix -metalloproteinase3 (MMP-3) level of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) shows a significant decrease, whereas MMP-3 can be involved in degrading bone matrix in humans, so in the progression of bone and joint injury in patients with RA, serum MMP-3 can be used as an important biochemical marker. The traditional Chinese medicine components commonly used in clinical practice include total glucosides of paeony (TGP), SIN, and tripterygium glycosides, which have the characteristics of disease-modifyinganti-rheumatic drugs and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, while they can reduce the toxic side effects of methotrexate (MTX), and their combination with other drugs such as MTX and leflunomide (HWA486) has become an important regimen for the treatment of RA in clinical practice. Therefore, we designed this study protocol to evaluate the adjuvant effect of commonly used traditional Chinese medicine components combined with MTX in the treatment of osteoarticular injury in RA.

Metastatic retinoblastoma of the parotid and submandibular glands: a rare case report.

Background: Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular malignancy occurring in children. It can metastasize to the regional lymph nodes, central nervous system and distant organs usually the bones and bone marrow and very rarely to the soft tissue. Here, we report a case of unilateral retinoblastoma in a 4-year-old girl accompanied by a large metastasis of the parotid and submandibular glands that developed about 6 months previously and gradually increased in size 5 months after enucleation of the left eye.

Correction to: Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes with the Chinese Herbal Medicine Tianqi Capsule: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Incorrect author affiliation and the typo in acknowledgement section were found in the original publication. The correct author affiliations and acknowledgments are given here.

Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes with the Chinese Herbal Medicine Tianqi Capsule: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Prevention of the rapid growth in incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a big challenge for clinicians. In China, many trials have indicated that Tianqi capsule, which contains several Chinese herbal medicines as part of a large healing system called traditional Chinese medicine, could decrease the incidence of T2DM. The review assessed the effectiveness of Tianqi capsule in prevention of T2DM.

Administration of Traditional Chinese Blood Circulation Activating Drugs for Microvascular Complications in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an important complementary strategy for treating diabetes mellitus (DM) in China. Traditional Chinese blood circulation activating drugs are intended to guide an overall approach to the prevention and treatment of microvascular complications of DM. The core mechanism is related to the protection of the vascular endothelium and the basement membrane.

Clinical Strategy for Optimal Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Herbal Dose Selection in Disease Therapeutics: Expert Consensus on Classic TCM Herbal Formula Dose Conversion.

The clinical therapeutics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitutes a complicated process which involves theory, diagnosis, and formula prescription with specific herbal dosage. Zhang Zhong-Jing's classic work, Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases, has been influencing TCM practice for almost 2000 years. However, during this extended period of time in Chinese history, the Chinese weight measurement system experienced noticeable changes.