Simultaneous stereoisomeric preconcentration and determination of alkaloids and stereoisomers in Uncariae ramulus cum uncis using field enhanced sample injection and dynamic pH junction sweeping method by cyclodextrin electrokinetic chromatography.

A rapid and sensitive enrichment technique, field enhanced sample injection-dynamic pH junction-sweeping (FESI-DypH-sweeping) was successfully developed for the simultaneous separation and concentration of alkaloids and stereoisomers of Uncariae ramulus cum uncis (UR) by cyclodextrin electrokinetic chromatography (CDEKC) with diode array detection system. The sample was prepared in a low-conductivity (FESI), low-pH (DypH) sample matrix (4 mM phosphate buffer, 3% methanol, pH=3), and the background electrolyte (BGE) consisted of a high-conductivity, high-pH buffer (40 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, 8 mg/mL carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin, and 30% methanol).

Predicting Futile Recanalization by Cerebral Collateral Recycle Status in Patients with Endovascular Stroke Treatment: The CHANOA Score.

Rationale And Objectives: The correlation between collateral circulation and futile recanalization (FR) is still controversial, and few studies have explored the influence of comprehensive cerebral collateral circulation on FR after endovascular stroke treatment. Therefore, based on cerebral collateral recycle (CCR) status, we aimed to establish an effective scoring system to identify the probability of FR.

Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Impact of cerebral collateral recycle status on clinical outcomes in elderly patients with endovascular stroke treatment.

Background: Elderly patients are at high risk of acute ischemic stroke caused by large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO) and usually suffer disability and fatality from stroke even after receiving endovascular treatment (EVT). Previous studies lacked the knowledge of comprehensive cerebral collateral for elderly patients. Hence, we explore the role of cerebral collateral recycle (CCR) status in clinical outcomes in a real-world setting among elderly AIS-LVO patients undergoing EVT.

A viral protein activates the MAPK pathway to promote viral infection by downregulating callose deposition in plants.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are evolutionarily conserved in both plants and animals and play critical roles in activating innate immunity to defend against various pathogens. However, the role of MAPK cascades in positively regulating or enhancing viral infections in plants is unclear. In this study, we investigate the involvement of MAPK cascades in infection by the positive-strand RNA virus tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV).

MXene-Graphene Oxide Heterostructured Films for Enhanced Metasurface Plasmonic Biosensing in Continuous Glucose Monitoring.

Non-invasive biosensors have attracted attention for their potential to obtain continuous, real-time physiological information through measurements of biochemical markers, such as one of the most important-glucose, in biological fluids. Although some optical sensing materials are used in non-invasive devices for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), surface or localized plasmon sensing material are seldom applied in CGM owing to modest sensitivity and bulk sensing apparatus. Herein, a metasurface (MGMSPR) biosensor based on the metasurface plasmon resonance chip modified with heterostructured TiC MXene-Graphene oxide (MG) is reported, which potentially enables ultra-sensitive glucose detection.

A double knockout for zinc transporter 8 and somatostatin in mice reveals their distinct roles in regulation of insulin secretion and obesity.

Background: Both zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) and somatostatin (Sst) play crucial roles in the regulation of insulin and glucagon secretion. However, the interaction between them in controlling glucose metabolism was not well understood. The aim of this study was to explore the interactive effects of a double knockout of Znt8 and Sst on insulin and glucose metabolism in mice.

Association of Conscious Sedation With Dexmedetomidine and Outcome in Stroke Patients Undergoing Thrombectomy in the DEVT and RESCUE-BT Trials.

Background And Objectives: Although dexmedetomidine (DEX) is widely administered during endovascular treatment (EVT) to enhance procedural adherence of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with large vessel occlusion, there is limited research on the association of DEX and outcomes among these patients. Hence, this study aimed to explore the safety and outcomes of DEX during conscious sedation (CS) in a real-world setting among patients undergoing EVT.

Methods: This study was an individual patient-level pooled analysis of 2 multicenter randomized clinical trials RESCUE-BT and DEVT.

Multifunctional Dual Nano-MOF-Modified Decellularized Small Intestinal Submucosa Membrane Accelerates Healing of Infected Wound.

The treatment of complex or chronic skin wounds caused by burns, trauma, surgery, and genetic disorders has been a worldwide challenge. Small intestinal submucosa (SIS) is a biological material that is widely used in wound healing. How to further expand the wound healing application of SIS, especially in repairing infected wounds, remains a hot research topic for many tissue engineering and biomaterial scholars focusing on skin regeneration.

Puerarin alleviates symptoms of preeclampsia through the repression of trophoblast ferroptosis via the CREB/HO-1 pathway.

Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-associated complication characterised by new-onset hypertension and proteinuria. This study explored the therapeutic potential of puerarin (Pue) in PE and investigated the underlying mechanism, with a focus on placental ferroptosis.

Methods: Using an N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced PE mouse model, we assessed the effects of Pue on PE phenotypes and placental ferroptosis.

Estimated health effect, cost, and cost-effectiveness of mandating sodium benchmarks in Australia's packaged foods: a modelling study.

Background: Excess dietary sodium is a leading cause of death and disability globally. Because packaged foods are a major source of sodium in many countries, including Australia, mandatory limits for sodium might improve population health. We aimed to estimate the long-term health and economic effect of mandating such thresholds in Australia.

Estimated health benefits, costs, and cost-effectiveness of implementing WHO's sodium benchmarks for packaged foods in India: a modelling study.

Background: Excess dietary sodium intake has been associated with death and disability. WHO has released global sodium benchmarks for packaged foods to support countries to reduce population sodium intake. This study aimed to assess the potential health effect, costs, and cost effectiveness of implementing these WHO sodium benchmarks in India.

Genetically-predicted effects of lifestyle factors on frailty: Evidence from Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: To evaluate the causal relationships between genetically predicted lifestyle factors and frailty using Mendelian randomization(MR).

Methods: We extracted summary data from genome-wide association studies conducted among individuals of European ancestry, examining lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors. The outcomes were assessed using Fried Frailty Score (FFS) and Frailty Index (FI).

Hollow Magnetic Nanocarrier-Based Microrobot Swarms for NIR-Responsive Targeted Drug Delivery and Synergistic Therapy.

Nanocarriers are frequently used for drug delivery due to their large surface area, biocompatibility, and photothermal effects. However, they face the problem of premature drug leakage during drug transport. To address this challenge, we developed near-infrared light (NIR)-responsive hollow magnetic nanocarriers (HMC) by incorporating a chitosan-based molecular valve onto hollow magnetic nanocarriers (CHMC) to enable NIR-triggered drug release.

Burden of Pneumococcal Disease in Young Children Due to Serotypes Contained in Different Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines in Eight Asian Countries and Territories.

Background: Pneumococcal disease (PD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in young children in Asia and globally. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have significantly reduced the burden of PD when included in pediatric national immunization programs (NIPs). This study estimates the clinical and economic burden of PD due to serotypes contained in different PCVs in children aged < 5 years in eight Asian countries/territories.

Topology of Gemini-shaped Hexagonal Heterojunction for Efficient Stereoconvergent Transformation via Dynamic Kinetic Resolution.

Despite recent advances in the combination of kinetic resolution and racemization for efficient stereoconvergent transformation, the poor stability and limited reaction activities of the products restrict their wide application in industrial production. To overcome these problems, Gemini-shaped hexagons with para-heterojunctions for one-dimensional and two-dimensional supramolecular polymers were designed via hydrogen-bonding adhesion by racemization catalyst 1 and kinetic resolution 2 in this work. The polymers from the assembly of Gemini-shaped hexagons exhibit rapid catalytic behaviour with efficient selectivity for the desired configuration in the synthesis of tertiary alcohols with contiguous stereocenters through dynamic kinetic resolution for the nanoscale heterojunctions of dissimilar catalysts.

Free Electron Density Gradients Enhanced Biosensor for Ultrasensitive and Accurate Affinity Assessment of the Immunotherapy Drugs.

Accurate affinity assessments play an important role in drug discovery, screening, and efficacy evaluation. Label-free affinity biosensors are recognized as a dependable and standard technology for addressing this challenge. This study constructs a free electron density gradient-enhanced meta-surface plasmon resonance (FED-MSPR) biosensor through a finite-difference time-domain simulation model, the biosensor demonstrates superior detection performance in accurately determining affinity and kinetic rate constants.

Brain Activation Pattern Caused by Soft Rehabilitation Glove and Virtual Reality Scenes: A Pilot fNIRS Study.

Clinical studies have proved significant improvements in hand motor function in stroke patients when assisted by robotic devices. However, there were few studies on neural activity changes in the brain during execution. This study aimed to investigate the brain activation pattern caused by soft rehabilitation glove and virtual reality scenes.

Ultrasound-Assisted Enzyme Extraction, Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharides from Solid Medium.

solid medium polysaccharides (CMMPs) were extracted using an ultrasound-assisted enzyme method, and the process conditions were optimized via response surface methodology (RSM). The CMMPs were separated into four components named CMMP-1, CMMP-2, CMMP-3 and CMMP-4 using ethanol fractional precipitation, and their monosaccharide composition and structural properties were analyzed by molecular weight analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Congo red test, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). RSM could predict the yield of the CMMP (R = 0.

Age-group-specific associations between adenoid/tonsillar hypertrophy and craniofacial features.

Background: Age plays an important role in the association between adenotonsillar hypertrophy and craniofacial morphology. This study aimed to analyse the association of adenoid and tonsillar hypertrophy with craniofacial features in different age groups.

Methods: Lateral cephalograms were obtained from 942 patients aged 6-15 years (433 boys, 509 girls).

Mechanochemically responsive polymer enables shockwave visualization.

Understanding the physical and chemical response of materials to impulsive deformation is crucial for applications ranging from soft robotic locomotion to space exploration to seismology. However, investigating material properties at extreme strain rates remains challenging due to temporal and spatial resolution limitations. Combining high-strain-rate testing with mechanochemistry encodes the molecular-level deformation within the material itself, thus enabling the direct quantification of the material response.

Effects of breast-fed infants-derived and ameliorate DSS-induced colitis in mice.

Studies have shown that breastfeeding can reduce the risk and severity of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children and adults. Probiotics in breast milk have also been isolated and their effects on IBD have been studied. However, based on current evidence, the exact efficacy and mechanisms of probiotics in the treatment of IBD cannot be determined.

Integrating Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Revealed Salinity Induces Arsenobetaine Biosynthesis in Marine Medaka ().

Marine fish exhibit elevated levels of arsenobetaine (AsB), while the impact and underlying mechanism of salinity on AsB biosynthesis remain inadequately explored. In this study, marine medaka (), typically inhabiting 30‰ high salinity, were gradually acclimated to low salinities of 20, 10, and 0‰. Following acclimation, the fish were exposed to arsenate (As(V)) in their diet for 30 days.