Tuning Ru-O Coordination for Switching Redox Centers in Acidic Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysis.

Avoiding lattice oxygen involvement (oxygen redox) while promoting the coupling of adjacent adsorbed oxygen (metal redox) during the acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for gaining high activity and robust stability in RuO2-based catalysts but remains elusive. Here, we present a precise strategy to selectively activate the metal redox process while suppressing the undesired oxygen redox pathway by fine-tuning the Ru-O coordination number in amorphous RuOx. The optimized catalyst exhibits outstanding acidic OER performance, achieving a low overpotential of 215 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and maintaining stability for 300 hours with a negligible degradation rate of 100 μV h-1.

Biomimetic Localized Gel Electrolyte for Practical Zinc Anode.

Incompatible electrode/electrolyte interface often leads to dendrite growth, parasitic reactions and corrosion, posing significant challenges to the application of Zn anodes. Herein, we introduce a biomimetic antifreeze protein localized gel electrolyte (ALGE) with multifunctional capabilities to address these issues by combining electrolyte modification with interface optimization. ALGE modifies the Zn2+ solvation structure and the hydrogen-bond network adjacent to zinc anode, effectively suppressing hydrogen evolution.

Contactless Intelligent Anti-Interference Lung Nodule Detection Method for Early Disease Detection.

Detection of lung nodules is key in the treatment of early-stage lung cancer. Computed tomography (CT) scanning technology is an essential contactless tool. However, stray radiation caused by a patient's slight movements and equipment operation can impair CT images, hindering accurate lung nodule detection.

The association between uric acid to high-density cholesterol ratio and depression: A population-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Depression is associated with inflammation, and the uric acid to HDL-C cholesterol ratio (UHR) has emerged as a potential marker of increased inflammation; however, the association between UHR and depression is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore this association in a sample from the general US population.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 11,444 participants ≥20 years of age from the 2009-2014 NHANES database.

PrivCore: Multiplication-activation co-reduction for efficient private inference.

The marriage of deep neural network (DNN) and secure 2-party computation (2PC) enables private inference (PI) on the encrypted client-side data and server-side models with both privacy and accuracy guarantees, coming at the cost of orders of magnitude communication and latency penalties. Prior works on designing PI-friendly network architectures are confined to mitigating the overheads associated with non-linear (e.g.

Pan‑cancer analysis of oncogene SFXN1 to identify its prognostic and immunological roles in lung adenocarcinoma.

As cancer incidence and mortality rates continue to rise, the urgency for research in this field has increased globally. Sideroflexin 1 (SFXN1), a pivotal member of the SFXN protein family, serves a crucial role in transporting serine to mitochondria and participates in one‑carbon metabolism, thereby influencing cell proliferation and differentiation. While SFXN1 is linked to lung cancer and glioma, its role in other malignancies remains largely unexplored.

Microplastics enhance the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in mariculture sediments by enriching host bacteria and promoting horizontal gene transfer.

Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) pose significant challenges to the One Health framework due to their intricate and multifaceted ecological and environmental impacts. However, the understanding of how MP properties influence ARG prevalence in mariculture sediments remains limited. Herein, the polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) MPs with different sizes (20-120 μm and 0.

All-Polymer Bulk-Heterojunction Enables Stable Monolithic Perovskite/Organic Tandem Solar Cells with High Efficiency.

Perovskite-based tandem solar cells (PTSCs) are promising for achieving higher efficiency limits, making them promising candidates for energy supply. However, the commercialization in complex scenarios necessitate extreme stability and reliability of tandem devices, particularly in ambient conditions. Herein, the use of a high-efficiency and air-stable quaternary all-polymer bulk heterojunction (BHJ) is pioneered to optimize spectral absorption, facilitate charge transport, and suppress exciton recombination, resulting in 18.

Association between personality profiles and motoric cognitive risk syndrome in community-dwelling older adults: a person-centered approach.

Background: Motoric cognitive risk (MCR) syndrome is a predementia syndrome characterized by subjective cognitive complaints and slow gait in the absence of dementia and mobility disability. Although past research has suggested that personality traits could play a significant role in the onset and progression of MCR among older adults, the exact relationships between specific personality profiles and MCR remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the relationship between personality profiles and MCR among community-dwelling older adults.

Systematic biotechnological production of isoprenoid analogs with bespoke carbon skeletons.

Natural products are widely used as pharmaceuticals, flavors, fragrances, and cosmetic ingredients. Synthesizing and evaluating analogs of natural products can considerably expand their applications. However, the chemical synthesis of analogs of natural products is severely hampered by their highly complex structures.

A strategy for electrochemical biosensing based on dendritic HCR amplification for detection of RNA m5C and m6A methylation.

Sensitive and efficient detection of RNA methylation sites is considered an integral part of epigenetic assessment. Contrary to previous studies on the detection of RNA m5C or m6A methylation alone, this study innovatively designed a biosensor capable of detecting RNA m5C or m6A methylation at the same time. Substances with specific electrochemical reactions such as ferrocene (FC) or methylene blue (MB) were modified onto the hairpin probe.

Rational design strategy for thermostability enhancement of protein-glutaminase and investigation of the underlying mechanisms.

Protein-Glutaminase (PG) with efficient deamidation ability has shown vital potential in food fields. Enzymes with high thermostability remain active in high-temperature environments, which can be applied to some steps requiring high temperature treatment in food processing, thereby greatly expanding their industrial application. In this study, an efficient comprehensive strategy based on consensus sequence and computer-aid analysis was proposed to develop a combinatorial mutant mPG-5 M (A79S/T97V/S108P/N154D/L156Y), exhibiting a 55.

Bidirectional association between ADL disability and depressive symptoms among older adults: longitudinal evidence from CHARLS.

This study investigates the bidirectional relationship between Activities of Daily Living (ADL) disability and depressive symptoms (DS) among middle-aged and older adults in China, utilizing data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) from 2015 to 2018. A total of 8994 participants were analyzed to assess the impact of ADL on the risk of depressive symptoms, while 9673 participants were included to examine the influence of depressive symptoms on the risk of ADL disability. Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to evaluate these relationships, adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health-related covariates.

A novel photoelectrochemical strategy for ultrasensitive and simultaneous detection of 5-methylcytosine and N6-methyladenosine based on proximity binding-triggered assembly MNAzyme -mediated HRCA.

The preparation of UiO-66@CdTe@AuNPs composites is presented for the first time, which function as a photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensing matrix and are conjugated to a three-way junction (TWJ). We propose an antibody-based specific recognition-induced neighbor-joining reaction that initiates the assembly of two molecularly designed nucleic acid enzymes (MNAzymes), to release an oligonucleotide that hydrolyzes TWJ through the mechanism of a toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction (TSDR). Subsequently, a hybridization chain reaction application (HRCA)-based dendrimer is formed, which immobilizes a large number of quantum dots to generate a burst effect that reduces the photocurrent signal.

Discovery of novel oleanolic acid glycoside derivatives targeting PTP1B/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway for the treatment of breast cancer.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) has been identified as a key drug target for anti-tumor drug development. Oleanolic acid (OA) has been proved to be an inhibitor of PTP1B, but its poor water solubility, low bioavailability and poor activity in vivo limit its clinical efficacy. In this study, a total of 47 new OA derivatives including heteroatom derivatives, ester derivatives, amino substitution derivatives and Schiff base derivatives were designed and synthesized.

Light-Activated Room Temperature Surface Acoustic Wave HS Sensor Based on BiS Nanoribbons.

The expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has rendered wireless passive, highly stable, and room-temperature gas sensors indispensable for sensor applications. In this work, a room-temperature surface acoustic wave (SAW) HS sensor based on a thin film of nano-mesh woven with BiS nanoribbons was successfully designed and prepared. The impact of varying inorganic salts solution ligand substitution of long-chain organic ligands of BiS films on performance was assessed.

Iodine-Doped Sodium Vanadate Cathode for Improved Zn Ion Diffusion Kinetics.

The electrostatic interaction between zinc ions and the host structure significantly limits the practicality of vanadium-based cathodes in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). Herein, an anion doping strategy is demonstrated to mitigate electrostatic resistance and steric hindrance during zinc ion insertion by incorporating iodine atoms into the lattice of the cathode material, NaVO·3HO. Iodine doping reduces the adsorption energy at the most stable site, thereby weakening the Zn-host interaction and lowering the Zn diffusion energy barrier, resulting in a one-order-of-magnitude increase in the diffusion coefficient.

Exploration of Zeolites as High-Performance Electrode Protective Layers for Alkali-Metal Batteries.

The electrode-electrolyte interfaces play pivotal roles in alkali-metal batteries, necessitating superior electrochemical stability, excellent electrical insulation, and high ionic conductivity. This study proposes using zeolites as interfacial protective layers owing to their inherently high stability with both alkali metals and high-voltage cathodes as well as exceptionally wide band gaps that minimize electron transport. To further pinpoint zeolites with rapid ionic diffusivity among their versatile structures, we devise a universal approach to explore diffusion dynamics in arbitrary structures.

Exploring the potential antidepressant mechanisms of ibuprofen and celecoxib based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Background: Evidence has shown that ibuprofen and celecoxib are effective in improving depressive symptoms, but their mechanisms of action are unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine the relationship between these two drugs and depressive disorder (DD) and elucidate potential mechanisms of action.

Methods: Relevant targets for ibuprofen, celecoxib, and DD were obtained and screened from multiple online drug and disease public databases.

Single-cell sequencing elucidates the mechanism of NUSAP1 in glioma and its diagnostic and prognostic significance.

Background: Personalized precision medicine (PPPM) in cancer immunology and oncology is a rapidly advancing field with significant potential. Gliomas, known for their poor prognosis, rank among the most lethal brain tumors. Despite advancements, there remains a critical need for precise, individualized treatment strategies.

Key mechanisms of angiogenesis in the infarct core: association of macrophage infiltration with venogenesis.

Angiogenesis in the ischemic penumbra compensates for microcirculatory dysfunction and promotes neuronal plasticity after stroke. However, the current understanding may be highly biased because the contribution of veins to angiogenesis has been overlooked. This study revealed that the remodeling processes of veins differ from those of arteries after ischemia.

The relationship between physical exercise and psychological capital in college students: the mediating role of perceived social support and self-control.

Background: The mental health of college students significantly impacts their life, academic performance, and even employment prospects. Research indicates that physical exercise can promote mental health, but the pathways of its influence require further exploration. This study investigates the relationship between physical exercise and psychological capital in college students, focusing on the mediating roles of perceived social support and self-control.

Evaluation of anti-hyperuricemic and nephroprotective activities and discovery of new XOD inhibitors of Morus alba L. root bark.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: As a traditional Chinese medicine, Morus alba L. root bark (MAR) has diuretic and detumescent effects, which is used in prescriptions like Niaoduqing granules for hyperuricemia treatment. However, the anti-hyperuricemic and nephroprotective activities, underlying mechanism and material basis of MAR have not been reported.

Combined therapy of human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells and scalp acupuncture alleviates brain damage in a rat model of cerebral palsy.

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a prevalent cause of physical disability in children, often resulting from hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, with current therapies often failing to address the underlying pathophysiology. This study aimed to investigate the potential synergistic effects of human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) combined with scalp acupuncture in a rat model of CP.

Methods: Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham, CP, hAMSCs, and hAMSCs+scalp acupuncture (hAMSCs+AP).

Butyrate-engineered yeast activates Nppa and Sgcg genes and reduces radiation-induced heart damage via the gut-heart axis.

Radiotherapy is a method of treating cancer through radiation aimed at killing cancer cells or inhibiting their growth. However, radiotherapy has numerous side effects because it kills tumors while causing damage to normal cells or tissues. The literature shows that radiation can cause damage to heart tissue.