Seizure Onset Zone Detection Based on Convolutional Neural Networks and EEG Signals.

Background: The localization of seizure onset zones (SOZs) is a critical step before the surgical treatment of epilepsy.

Methods And Results: In this paper, we propose an SOZ detection method based on convolutional neural networks and EEG signals. This method aims to locate SOZs through the seizure status of each channel in multi-channel EEG signals.

Fontan circulation and systemic disease - a retrospective cohort analysis over 35 years of follow-up.

Background: The Fontan operation provides lifesaving palliation for individuals with single ventricle (SV) physiology. Given recent concerns of systemic disease (SD) for patients with a Fontan circulation, we sought to (1) quantify the increase in SD incidence associated with the Fontan circulation; (2) identify the risk factor of SD; (3) assess the association between SD and mortality in patients with a Fontan circulation.

Methods: A matched retrospective cohort study design was adopted.

Boosting the Performance and Durability of Fe-N-C Fuel Cell Catalysts via Integrating MoC Clusters.

Carbon-supported nitrogen-coordinated iron single-atom (Fe-N-C) catalysts have been regarded among the most promising platinum-group-metal-free catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Nevertheless, their limited intrinsic activity and unsatisfactory stability have hindered their practical applications. Here, it is reported that the integration of MoC clusters effectively enhances the ORR activity and stability of Fe-N-C catalysts.

Risk of cardiovascular events after influenza infection-related hospitalizations in adults with congenital heart disease: A nationwide population based study.

Background: Cardiovascular complications due to viral infection pose a significant risk in vulnerable patients such as those with congenital heart disease (CHD). Limited data exists regarding the incidence of influenza and its impact on cardiovascular outcomes among this specific patient population.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was designed using the Canadian Congenital Heart Disease (CanCHD) database-a pan-Canadian database of CHD patients with up to 35 years of follow-up.

Systemic immune-inflammation index combined with pediatric appendicitis score in assessing the severity and prognosis for paediatric appendicitis.

Background: Pediatric appendicitis is a common cause of abdominal pain in children and is recognized as a significant surgical emergency. A prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential to prevent complications such as perforation and peritonitis.

Aim: To investigate the predictive value of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) combined with the pediatric appendicitis score (PAS) for the assessment of disease severity and surgical outcomes in children aged 5 years and older with appendicitis.

Diagnostic significance of serum levels of serum amyloid A, procalcitonin, and high-mobility group box 1 in identifying necrotising enterocolitis in newborns.

Background: Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is a critical gastrointestinal emergency affecting premature and low-birth-weight neonates. Serum amyloid A (SAA), procalcitonin (PCT), and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) have emerged as potential biomarkers for NEC due to their roles in inflammatory response, tissue damage, and immune regulation.

Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic value of SAA, PCT, and HMGB1 in the context of NEC in newborns.

Label-free and highly sensitive detection of aflatoxin B by Ag IANPs via surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Aflatoxin B (AFB), a pernicious constituent of the aflatoxin family, predominantly contaminates cereals, oils, and their derivatives. Acknowledged as a Class I carcinogen by the World Health Organization (WHO), the expeditious and quantitative discernment of AFB remains imperative. This investigation delineates that aluminum ions can precipitate the coalescence of iodine-modified silver nanoparticles, thereby engendering hot spots conducive for label-free AFB identification via Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS).

Machine Learning Informed Diagnosis for Congenital Heart Disease in Large Claims Data Source.

Background: With an increasing interest in using large claims databases in medical practice and research, it is a meaningful and essential step to efficiently identify patients with the disease of interest.

Objectives: This study aims to establish a machine learning (ML) approach to identify patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) in large claims databases.

Methods: We harnessed data from the Quebec claims and hospitalization databases from 1983 to 2000.

Portable hydroxyl-functionalized coal gangue-based cordierite porous ceramics sheets for effective adsorption of fluorine-containing wastewater.

Monolithic adsorbent removal of fluoride from water is considered an effective and non-secondary pollution method. Here, a portable hydroxyl-functionalized coal gangue-based cordierite porous ceramic sheet (ACGC-Fe) is prepared by using coal gangue solid waste with a specific silicon-aluminum-rich composition ratio and a small amount of magnesium oxide as a raw material through powder compression molding and mild chemical modification. The prepared ACGC-Fe can be used to treat fluorine-containing wastewater and the maximum adsorption of fluorine can reach 18.

Revealing Distance-Dependent Synergy between MnCoO and Co-N-C in Boosting the Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

Synergistic effects have been applied to a variety of hybrid electrocatalysts to improve their activity and selectivity. Understanding the synergistic mechanism is crucial for the rational design of these types of catalysts. Here, we synthesize a MnCoO/Co-N-C hybrid electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and systematically investigate the synergy between MnCoO nanoparticles and Co-N-C support.

CanCHD Study of Hematopoietic Cancers in Children With and Without Genetic Syndromes.

Background: Individuals with genetic syndromes can manifest both congenital heart disease (CHD) and cancer attributable to possible common underlying pathways. To date, reliable risk estimates of hematopoietic cancer (HC) among children with CHD based on large population-based data remain scant. This study sought to quantify the risk of HC by the presence of genetic syndrome among children with CHD.

Short-term influence of polytetrafluoroethylene micro/nano-plastics on the inhibition of copper and/or ciprofloxacin on the nitrifying sludge activities based on concentration addition and independent action models.

Short-term influence of polytetrafluoroethylene micro/nano-plastics (PTFE-MPs/NPs) on the inhibition of copper (Cu) and/or ciprofloxacin (CIP) on the nitrifying sludge activities was explored based on concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) models. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) of Cu, CIP, PTFE-MPs (3 μm), and PTFE-NPs (800 nm) on the specific ammonium oxidation rate (SAOR) of nitrifying sludge was 64.57, 51.

Study on the Sliding Tribological Behavior of Oleic Acid-Modified MoS under Boundary Lubrication.

The effects of MoS and MoS modified by adding oleic acid (OA) on the friction properties of lithium-based grease under boundary lubrication conditions are studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and experiment. A rough wall boundary lubrication MD model with peaks and grooves is established to simulate the mechanical properties and lubrication effects of three lubrication systems on rough walls for the relative shear velocity between the two solid walls of 5 m/s at 500 MPa. The stress, wear amount, friction force, normal pressure, and friction heat of the friction surface are quantitively calculated.

Research Progress and Molecular Mechanisms of Endothelial Cells Inflammation in Vascular-Related Diseases.

Endothelial cells (ECs) are widely distributed inside the vascular network, forming a vital barrier between the bloodstream and the walls of blood vessels. These versatile cells serve myriad functions, including the regulation of vascular tension and the management of hemostasis and thrombosis. Inflammation constitutes a cascade of biological responses incited by biological, chemical, or physical stimuli.

OCMR: A comprehensive framework for optical chemical molecular recognition.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved significant progress in the field of drug discovery. AI-based tools have been used in all aspects of drug discovery, including chemical structure recognition. We propose a chemical structure recognition framework, Optical Chemical Molecular Recognition (OCMR), to improve the data extraction capability in practical scenarios compared with the rule-based and end-to-end deep learning models.

Long-term exposure of polytetrafluoroethylene-nanoplastics on the nitrogen removal and extracellular polymeric substances in sequencing batch reactor.

The impact of polytetrafluoroethylene-nanoplastics (PTFE-NPs) on biological sewage disposal was delved, containing nitrogen remotion, microbiological activity and composition of extracellular polymer (EPS). The addition of PTFE-NPs reduced the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH-N) by 3.43 % and 2.

Field-applied biochar-based MgO and sepiolite composites possess CO capture potential and alter organic C mineralization and C-cycling bacterial structure in fertilized soils.

Agricultural soils contribute a significant amount of anthropogenic CO emission, a greenhouse gas of global environmental concern. Hence, discovering sustainable materials that can capture CO in cultivated soils is paramount. Since the effect of biochar on C mineralization/retention in fertilized soils is unclear, we produced biochar-based MgO and sepiolite-nanocomposites with CO capture potential.

Re-exploring α-Cyano-4-Hydroxycinnamic Acid as a Reactive Matrix for Selective Detection of Glutathione via MALDI-MS.

Herein, we re-explored α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) as a reactive matrix for selective and sensitive analysis of glutathione (GSH) by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). CHCA efficiently reacted with GSH, and the resulting CHCA-GSH conjugate was readily detected by MALDI-MS without interferences. The detection limit of the CHCA-GSH conjugate decreased to 200 pmol μL, which was 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of pure GSH.

A dual-mode reactive matrix for sensitive and quantitative analysis of carbohydrates by MALDI-TOF MS.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a widely used tool for the analysis of carbohydrates. However, the detection of carbohydrates by MALDI-TOF MS is often limited by the unsatisfactory ionization efficiency, instability and the matrix interference in low molecular weight region. Here, we demonstrate that a reactive matrix, 2-hydrazinoquinoline (2-HQ), can be used to detect neutral, sialic and low molecular weight carbohydrates sensitively both in the positive and negative ion mode.

Recurrent disease progression networks for modelling risk trajectory of heart failure.

Motivation: Recurrent neural networks (RNN) are powerful frameworks to model medical time series records. Recent studies showed improved accuracy of predicting future medical events (e.g.